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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN' 'http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd'><html xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<title>OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Quick Reference Guide</title>
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72" /></a><h1 id="title" style="clear:both">OWL 2 Web Ontology Language <br /><span id="short-title">Quick Reference Guide</span></h1>
<h2 id="W3C-doctype">W3C Recommendation 27 October 2009</h2>
<!-- no inplace warning -->
<dl>
<dt>This version:</dt>
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-quick-reference-20091027/" id="this-version-url">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-quick-reference-20091027/</a></dd>
<dt>Latest version (series 2):</dt>
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-quick-reference/">http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-quick-reference/</a></dd>
<dt>Latest Recommendation:</dt>
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-quick-reference">http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-quick-reference</a></dd>
<dt>Previous version:</dt>
<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/PR-owl2-quick-reference-20090922/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/PR-owl2-quick-reference-20090922/</a> (<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-quick-reference-20091027/diff-from-20090922">color-coded diff</a>)</dd>
</dl>
<dl><dt>Editors:</dt><dd><a href="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~baojie/">Jie Bao</a>, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</dd>
<dd><a href="http://www.sandsoft.com/management.html">Elisa F. Kendall</a>, Sandpiper Software, Inc.</dd>
<dd><a href="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~dlm/">Deborah L. McGuinness</a>, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</dd>
<dd><a href="http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/pfps/">Peter F. Patel-Schneider</a>, Bell Labs Research, Alcatel-Lucent</dd>
<dt>Contributors:</dt><dd><a href="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~dingl/">Li Ding</a>, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</dd>
<dd><a href="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~ankesh/">Ankesh Khandelwal</a>, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</dd>
</dl>
<p>Please refer to the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/errata"><strong>errata</strong></a> for this document, which may include some normative corrections.</p>
<p>This document is also available in these non-normative formats: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2009/pdf/REC-owl2-quick-reference-20091027.pdf">PDF version</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/refcard">Reference Card</a>.</p>
<p>See also <a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/translation/owl2-quick-reference">translations</a>.</p>
<p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 2009 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.</p>
</div>
<hr />
<h2><a id="abstract" name="abstract">Abstract</a></h2>
<div>
<div><p>The OWL 2 Web Ontology Language, informally OWL 2, is an ontology language for the Semantic Web with formally defined meaning. OWL 2 ontologies provide classes, properties, individuals, and data values and are stored as Semantic Web documents. OWL 2 ontologies can be used along with information written in RDF, and OWL 2 ontologies themselves are primarily exchanged as RDF documents. The OWL 2 <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-overview-20091027/" title="Document Overview">Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of OWL 2, and should be read before other OWL 2 documents.</p><p>This document provides a non-normative quick reference guide to the OWL 2 language. It also provides links to other documents, including the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/" title="Primer">OWL 2 Primer</a> for language introduction and examples, the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/" title="Syntax">OWL 2 Structural Specification and Functional Syntax</a> document for more details of the functional syntax, and the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/" title="New Features and Rationale">OWL 2 New Features and Rationale</a> document for new feature descriptions.</p></div>
</div>
<h2 class="no-toc no-num">
<a id="status" name="status">Status of this Document</a>
</h2>
<h4 class="no-toc no-num" id="may-be">May Be Superseded</h4>
<p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
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<div>
<h4 class="no-toc no-num" id="sotd-xml-dep">XML Schema Datatypes Dependency</h4>
<p>OWL 2 is defined to use datatypes defined in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/">XML Schema Definition Language (XSD)</a>. As of this writing, the latest W3C Recommendation for XSD is version 1.0, with <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-1/">version 1.1</a> progressing toward Recommendation. OWL 2 has been designed to take advantage of the new datatypes and clearer explanations available in XSD 1.1, but for now those advantages are being partially put on hold. Specifically, until XSD 1.1 becomes a W3C Recommendation, the elements of OWL 2 which are based on it should be considered <em>optional</em>, as detailed in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-conformance-20091027/#XML_Schema_Datatypes">Conformance, section 2.3</a>. Upon the publication of XSD 1.1 as a W3C Recommendation, those elements cease to be optional and are to be considered required as otherwise specified.</p>
<p>We suggest that for now developers and users follow the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-xmlschema11-1-20090430/">XSD 1.1 Candidate Recommendation</a>. Based on discussions between the Schema and OWL Working Groups, we do not expect any implementation changes will be necessary as XSD 1.1 advances to Recommendation.</p>
</div>
<h4 class="no-toc no-num" id="status-changes">Summary of Changes</h4>
<div>There have been no <a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/10/Process-20051014/tr#substantive-change">substantive</a> changes since the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/PR-owl2-quick-reference-20090922/">previous version</a>. For details on the minor changes see the <a href="#changelog">change log</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-quick-reference-20091027/diff-from-20090922">color-coded diff</a>.</div>
<h4 class="no-toc no-num" id="please">Please Send Comments</h4><p>Please send any comments to <a class="mailto" href="mailto:public-owl-comments@w3.org">public-owl-comments@w3.org</a>
(<a class="http" href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-owl-comments/">public
archive</a>). Although work on this document by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/">OWL Working Group</a> is complete, comments may be addressed in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/errata">errata</a> or in future revisions. Open discussion among developers is welcome at <a class="mailto" href="mailto:public-owl-dev@w3.org">public-owl-dev@w3.org</a> (<a class="http" href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-owl-dev/">public archive</a>).</p>
<h4 class="no-toc no-num" id="endorsement">Endorsed By W3C</h4>
<p><em>This document has been reviewed by W3C Members, by software developers, and by other W3C groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</em></p>
<h4 class="no-toc no-num" id="patents">Patents</h4>
<p><em>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. This document is informative only. W3C maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/41712/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.</em></p>
<hr title="Separator After Status Section" />
<table class="toc" id="toc" summary="Contents"><tbody><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Table of Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Names.2C_Prefixes.2C_and_Notation"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Names, Prefixes, and Notation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#OWL_2_constructs_and_axioms"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">OWL 2 constructs and axioms</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Class_Expressions"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Class Expressions</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Properties"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Properties</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Individuals_.26_Literals"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Individuals & Literals</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Data_Ranges"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Data Ranges</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Axioms"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Axioms</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Declarations"><span class="tocnumber">2.6</span> <span class="toctext">Declarations</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Annotations"><span class="tocnumber">2.7</span> <span class="toctext">Annotations</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Ontologies"><span class="tocnumber">2.8</span> <span class="toctext">Ontologies</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Built-in_Datatypes_and_Facets"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Built-in Datatypes and Facets</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Built-in_Datatypes"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Built-in Datatypes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Facets"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Facets</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Appendix"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Appendix</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#New_Features_in_OWL_2"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">New Features in OWL 2</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Additional_Vocabulary_in_OWL_2_RDF_Syntax"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Additional Vocabulary in OWL 2 RDF Syntax</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Appendix:_Change_Log_.28Informative.29"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Appendix: Change Log (Informative)</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Changes_Since_Proposed_Recommendation"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Changes Since Proposed Recommendation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Changes_Since_Last_Call"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Changes Since Last Call</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Acknowledgments"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Acknowledgments</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></tbody></table><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } </script>
<p><br />
</p>
<a name="Names.2C_Prefixes.2C_and_Notation"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline">1 Names, Prefixes, and Notation</span></h2>
<p>Names in OWL 2 are IRIs, often written in a shorthand <tt>prefix:localname</tt>, where <tt>prefix:</tt> is a <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPNAME_NS" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPNAME_NS">prefix name</a> that expands to an IRI, and <tt>localname</tt> is the remainder of the name.
The <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#IRIs" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#IRIs">standard prefix names</a> in OWL 2 are:
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Prefix Name</th><th> Expansion
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> rdf:</td><td>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> rdfs:</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> owl:</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> xsd:</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<p>We use notation conventions in the following tables*:
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Letters</th><th> Meaning </th><th>Letters</th><th> Meaning </th><th>Letters</th><th> Meaning </th><th>Letters</th><th> Meaning
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> C </td><td>class expression </td><td> CN </td><td> class name </td><td> D </td><td> data range </td><td> DN </td><td> datatype name
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> P </td><td> object property expression </td><td> PN </td><td> object property name </td><td> R </td><td> data property </td><td>A </td><td> annotation property
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> a </td><td> individual </td><td> aN </td><td> individual name </td><td> _:a </td><td> anonymous individual (a <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rBLANK_NODE_LABEL" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rBLANK_NODE_LABEL">blank node label</a>) </td><td> v </td><td> literal
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> n </td><td> non-negative integer** </td><td> f </td><td> facet </td><td> ON </td><td> ontology name </td><td> U </td><td> IRI
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> s </td><td> IRI or anonymous individual </td><td> t </td><td> IRI, anonymous individual, or literal </td><td> p </td><td> prefix name </td><td> _:x </td><td> blank node
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> (a<sub>1</sub> … a<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/#sec-collections" title="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/#sec-collections">RDF list</a> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>* All of the above can have subscripts. ** as a shorthand for "n"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger
</p>
</div>
<a name="OWL_2_constructs_and_axioms"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline">2 OWL 2 constructs and axioms</span></h2>
<p>For an OWL 2 DL ontology, there are some <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DL" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DL">global restrictions</a> on axioms.
</p><p>In the following tables the first column provides links to the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/" title="Primer">Primer</a> (if applicable), the second column provides links to the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/" title="Syntax">Functional Syntax</a>, and the third column gives RDF triples in the <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/" title="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/">Turtle syntax</a>.
</p>
<a name="Class_Expressions"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.1 <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Classes_and_Instances" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Classes_and_Instances">Class Expressions</a></span></h3>
<p><b><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Classes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Classes">Predefined and Named Classes</a></b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> named class </td><td> CN </td><td> CN
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> universal class </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_Thing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_Thing">owl:Thing</a> </td><td> owl:Thing
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> empty class </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_Nothing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_Nothing">owl:Nothing</a> </td><td> owl:Nothing
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Boolean Connectives and Enumeration of Individuals</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectIntersectionOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectIntersectionOf">intersection</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Intersection_of_Class_Expressions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Intersection_of_Class_Expressions">ObjectIntersectionOf</a>(C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Class.<br />_:x owl:intersectionOf ( C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectUnionOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectUnionOf">union</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Union_of_Class_Expressions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Union_of_Class_Expressions">ObjectUnionOf</a>(C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Class.<br />_:x owl:unionOf ( C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectComplementOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectComplementOf">complement</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Complement_of_Class_Expressions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Complement_of_Class_Expressions">ObjectComplementOf</a>(C) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Class.<br />_:x owl:complementOf C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectOneOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectOneOf">enumeration</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Enumeration_of_Individuals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Enumeration_of_Individuals">ObjectOneOf</a>(a<sub>1</sub> … a<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Class.<br />_:x owl:oneOf ( a<sub>1</sub> … a<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Object Property Restrictions</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectAllValuesFrom" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectAllValuesFrom">universal</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Universal_Quantification" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Universal_Quantification">ObjectAllValuesFrom</a>(P C) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:allValuesFrom C
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectSomeValuesFrom" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectSomeValuesFrom">existential</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Existential_Quantification" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Existential_Quantification">ObjectSomeValuesFrom</a>(P C) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:someValuesFrom C
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectHasValue" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectHasValue">individual value</a></td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Individual_Value_Restriction" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Individual_Value_Restriction">ObjectHasValue</a>(P a) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:hasValue a.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectHasSelf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectHasSelf">local reflexivity</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Self-Restriction" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Self-Restriction">ObjectHasSelf</a>(P) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br /> _:x owl:onProperty P. <br /> _:x owl:hasSelf "true"^^xsd:boolean.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectExactCardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectExactCardinality">exact cardinality</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Exact_Cardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Exact_Cardinality">ObjectExactCardinality</a>(n P) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:cardinality n.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectExactCardinalityQualified" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectExactCardinalityQualified">qualified exact cardinality</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Exact_Cardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Exact_Cardinality">ObjectExactCardinality</a>(n P C)
</td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:qualifiedCardinality n.<br />_:x owl:onClass C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> maximum cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Maximum_Cardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Maximum_Cardinality">ObjectMaxCardinality</a>(n P) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:maxCardinality n.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectMaxCardinalityQualified" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectMaxCardinalityQualified">qualified maximum cardinality</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Maximum_Cardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Maximum_Cardinality">ObjectMaxCardinality</a>(n P C) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:maxQualifiedCardinality n.<br />_:x owl:onClass C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> minimum cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Minimum_Cardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Minimum_Cardinality">ObjectMinCardinality</a>(n P) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:minCardinality n.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectMinCardinalityQualified" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectMinCardinalityQualified">qualified minimum cardinality</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Minimum_Cardinality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Minimum_Cardinality">ObjectMinCardinality</a>(n P C) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty P.<br />_:x owl:minQualifiedCardinality n.<br />_:x owl:onClass C.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Data Property Restrictions</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> universal </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Universal_Quantification_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Universal_Quantification_2">DataAllValuesFrom</a>(R D) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:allValuesFrom D.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> existential </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Existential_Quantification_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Existential_Quantification_2">DataSomeValuesFrom</a>(R D) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:someValuesFrom D.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> literal value</td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Literal_Value_Restriction" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Literal_Value_Restriction">DataHasValue</a>(R v) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:hasValue v.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> exact cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Exact_Cardinality_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Exact_Cardinality_2">DataExactCardinality</a>(n R)
</td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:cardinality n.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> qualified exact cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Exact_Cardinality_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Exact_Cardinality_2">DataExactCardinality</a>(n R D)
</td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:qualifiedCardinality n. <br />_:x owl:onDataRange D.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> maximum cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Maximum_Cardinality_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Maximum_Cardinality_2">DataMaxCardinality</a>(n R) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:maxCardinality n.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> qualified maximum cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Maximum_Cardinality_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Maximum_Cardinality_2">DataMaxCardinality</a>(n R D) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:maxQualifiedCardinality n.<br />_:x owl:onDataRange D.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> minimum cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Minimum_Cardinality_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Minimum_Cardinality_2">DataMinCardinality</a>(n R) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:minCardinality n.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> qualified minimum cardinality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Minimum_Cardinality_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Minimum_Cardinality_2">DataMinCardinality</a>(n R D) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperty R.<br />_:x owl:minQualifiedCardinality n.<br />_:x owl:onDataRange D.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Restrictions Using n-ary Data Range</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<p>In the following table 'D<sup>n</sup>' is an n-ary data range.
</p>
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> n-ary universal </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Universal_Quantification_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Universal_Quantification_2">DataAllValuesFrom</a>(R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub> D<sup>n</sup>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperties ( R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub> ).<br />_:x owl:allValuesFrom D<sup>n</sup>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> n-ary existential </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Existential_Quantification_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Existential_Quantification_2">DataSomeValuesFrom</a>(R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub> D<sup>n</sup>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:Restriction.<br />_:x owl:onProperties ( R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub>).<br />_:x owl:someValuesFrom D<sup>n</sup>.
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Properties"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.2 Properties</span></h3>
<p><b><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Object_Properties">Object Property Expressions</a></b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Object_Properties">named object property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#def_object_property" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#def_object_property">PN</a> </td><td> PN
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_topObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_topObjectProperty">universal object property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_topObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_topObjectProperty">owl:topObjectProperty</a> </td><td> owl:topObjectProperty
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_bottomObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_bottomObjectProperty">empty object property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_bottomObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_bottomObjectProperty">owl:bottomObjectProperty</a> </td><td> owl:bottomObjectProperty
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectInverseOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectInverseOf">inverse property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Inverse_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Inverse_Object_Properties">ObjectInverseOf</a>(PN) </td><td> _:x owl:inverseOf PN
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Datatypes">Data Property Expressions</a></b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataProperty">named data property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Data_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Data_Properties">R</a> </td><td> R
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_topDataProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_topDataProperty">universal data property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_topDataProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_topDataProperty">owl:topDataProperty</a> </td><td>owl:topDataProperty
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_bottomDataProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_bottomDataProperty">empty data property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_bottomDataProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_bottomDataProperty">owl:bottomDataProperty</a> </td><td>owl:bottomDataProperty
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Individuals_.26_Literals"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.3 Individuals & Literals</span></h3>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Classes_and_Instances" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Classes_and_Instances">named individual</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Named_Individuals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Named_Individuals">aN</a> </td><td> aN
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>anonymous individual </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Anonymous_Individuals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Anonymous_Individuals">_:a</a> </td><td> _:a
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Datatypes">literal</a> (datatype value) </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Literals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Literals">"abc"^^DN</a> </td><td>"abc"^^DN
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Data_Ranges"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.4 Data Ranges</span></h3>
<p><b>Data Range Expressions</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Datatypes">named datatype</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Datatypes">DN</a> </td><td> DN
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataComplementOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataComplementOf">data range complement</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Complement_of_Data_Ranges" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Complement_of_Data_Ranges">DataComplementOf</a>(D) </td><td> _:x rdf:type rdfs:Datatype.<br />_:x owl:datatypeComplementOf D.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataIntersectionOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataIntersectionOf">data range intersection</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Intersection_of_Data_Ranges" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Intersection_of_Data_Ranges">DataIntersectionOf</a>(D<sub>1</sub>…D<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type rdfs:Datatype.<br />_:x owl:intersectionOf (D<sub>1</sub>…D<sub>n</sub>).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataUnionOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataUnionOf">data range union</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Union_of_Data_Ranges" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Union_of_Data_Ranges">DataUnionOf</a>(D<sub>1</sub>…D<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type rdfs:Datatype.<br />_:x owl:unionOf (D<sub>1</sub>…D<sub>n</sub>).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataOneOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataOneOf">literal enumeration</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Enumeration_of_Literals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Enumeration_of_Literals">DataOneOf</a>(v<sub>1</sub> … v<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type rdfs:Datatype.<br /> _:x owl:oneOf ( v<sub>1</sub> … v<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DatatypeRestriction" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DatatypeRestriction">datatype restriction</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Datatype_Restrictions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Datatype_Restrictions">DatatypeRestriction</a>(DN f<sub>1</sub> v<sub>1</sub> … f<sub>n</sub> v<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type rdfs:Datatype.<br />_:x owl:onDatatype DN.<br />_:x owl:withRestrictions (_:x<sub>1</sub> ... _:x<sub>n</sub>).<br />_:x<sub>j</sub> f<sub>j</sub> v<sub>j</sub>. j=1…n
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Axioms"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.5 Axioms</span></h3>
<p><b>Class Expression Axioms</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_SubClassOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_SubClassOf">subclass</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Subclass_Axioms" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Subclass_Axioms">SubClassOf</a>(C<sub>1</sub> C<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> C<sub>1</sub> rdfs:subClassOf C<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_EquivalentClasses" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_EquivalentClasses">equivalent classes</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Equivalent_Classes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Equivalent_Classes">EquivalentClasses</a>(C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> C<sub>j</sub> owl:equivalentClass C<sub>j+1</sub>. j=1…n-1
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DisjointClasses" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DisjointClasses">disjoint classes</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Classes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Classes">DisjointClasses</a>(C<sub>1</sub> C<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> C<sub>1</sub> owl:disjointWith C<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> pairwise disjoint classes </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Classes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Classes">DisjointClasses</a>(C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses.<br />_:x owl:members ( C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> disjoint union </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Union_of_Class_Expressions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Union_of_Class_Expressions">DisjointUnionOf</a>(CN C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> CN owl:disjointUnionOf ( C<sub>1</sub> … C<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Object Property Axioms</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Property_Hierarchies" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Property_Hierarchies">subproperty</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_SubObjectPropertyOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_SubObjectPropertyOf">SubObjectPropertyOf</a>(P<sub>1</sub> P<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> P<sub>1</sub> rdfs:subPropertyOf P<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_SubObjectPropertyOfChain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_SubObjectPropertyOfChain">property chain inclusion</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_SubObjectPropertyOfChain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_SubObjectPropertyOfChain">SubObjectPropertyOf</a>(ObjectPropertyChain(P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>n</sub>) P) </td><td> P owl:propertyChainAxiom (P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>n</sub>).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectPropertyDomain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectPropertyDomain">property domain</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Object_Property_Domain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Object_Property_Domain">ObjectPropertyDomain</a>(P C) </td><td> P rdfs:domain C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectPropertyRange" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectPropertyRange">property range</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Object_Property_Range" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Object_Property_Range">ObjectPropertyRange</a>(P C) </td><td> P rdfs:range C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_EquivalentObjectProperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_EquivalentObjectProperties">equivalent properties</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Equivalent_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Equivalent_Object_Properties">EquivalentObjectProperties</a>(P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> P<sub>j</sub> owl:equivalentProperty P<sub>j+1</sub>. j=1…n-1
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DisjointObjectProperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DisjointObjectProperties">disjoint properties</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Object_Properties">DisjointObjectProperties</a>(P<sub>1</sub> P<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> P<sub>1</sub> owl:propertyDisjointWith P<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DisjointObjectProperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DisjointObjectProperties">pairwise disjoint properties</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Object_Properties">DisjointObjectProperties</a>(P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:AllDisjointProperties.<br />_:x owl:members ( P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_InverseObjectProperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_InverseObjectProperties">inverse properties</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Inverse_Object_Properties_2" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Inverse_Object_Properties_2">InverseObjectProperties</a>(P<sub>1</sub> P<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> P<sub>1</sub> owl:inverseOf P<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_FunctionalObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_FunctionalObjectProperty">functional property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Functional_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Functional_Object_Properties">FunctionalObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_InverseFunctionalObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_InverseFunctionalObjectProperty">inverse functional property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Inverse-Functional_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Inverse-Functional_Object_Properties">InverseFunctionalObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:InverseFunctionalProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ReflexiveObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ReflexiveObjectProperty">reflexive property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Reflexive_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Reflexive_Object_Properties">ReflexiveObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:ReflexiveProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_IrreflexiveObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_IrreflexiveObjectProperty">irreflexive property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Irreflexive_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Irreflexive_Object_Properties">IrreflexiveObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:IrreflexiveProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_SymmetricObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_SymmetricObjectProperty">symmetric property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Symmetric_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Symmetric_Object_Properties">SymmetricObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:SymmetricProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_AsymmetricObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_AsymmetricObjectProperty">asymmetric property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Asymmetric_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Asymmetric_Object_Properties">AsymmetricObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:AsymmetricProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_TransitiveObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_TransitiveObjectProperty">transitive property</a></td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Transitive_Object_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Transitive_Object_Properties">TransitiveObjectProperty</a>(P) </td><td> P rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Data Property Axioms</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_SubDataPropertyOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_SubDataPropertyOf">subproperty</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Data_Subproperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Data_Subproperties">SubDataPropertyOf</a>(R<sub>1</sub> R<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> R<sub>1</sub> rdfs:subPropertyOf R<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataPropertyDomain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataPropertyDomain">property domain</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Data_Property_Domain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Data_Property_Domain">DataPropertyDomain</a>(R C) </td><td> R rdfs:domain C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataPropertyRange" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataPropertyRange">property range</a></td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Data_Property_Range" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Data_Property_Range">DataPropertyRange</a>(R D) </td><td> R rdfs:range D.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_EquivalentDataProperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_EquivalentDataProperties">equivalent properties</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Equivalent_Data_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Equivalent_Data_Properties">EquivalentDataProperties</a>(R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> R<sub>j</sub> owl:equivalentProperty R<sub>j+1</sub>. j=1…n-1
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> disjoint properties </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Data_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Data_Properties">DisjointDataProperties</a>(R<sub>1</sub> R<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> R<sub>1</sub> owl:propertyDisjointWith R<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> pairwise disjoint properties </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Disjoint_Data_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Disjoint_Data_Properties">DisjointDataProperties</a>(R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:AllDisjointProperties.<br />_:x owl:members ( R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub> ).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_FunctionalObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_FunctionalObjectProperty">functional property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Functional_Data_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Functional_Data_Properties">FunctionalDataProperty</a>(R) </td><td> R rdf:type owl:FunctionalProperty.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Datatype Definitions</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Advanced_Use_of_Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Advanced_Use_of_Datatypes">datatype definition</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Datatype_Definitions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Datatype_Definitions">DatatypeDefinition</a>(DN D) </td><td> DN owl:equivalentClass D.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Assertions</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_SameIndividual" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_SameIndividual">individual equality</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Individual_Equality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Individual_Equality">SameIndividual</a>(a<sub>1</sub> … a<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> a<sub>j</sub> owl:sameAs a<sub>j+1</sub>. j=1…n-1
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DifferentIndividuals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DifferentIndividuals">individual inequality</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Individual_Inequality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Individual_Inequality">DifferentIndividuals</a>(a<sub>1</sub> a<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> a<sub>1</sub> owl:differentFrom a<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> pairwise individual inequality </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Individual_Inequality" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Individual_Inequality">DifferentIndividuals</a>(a<sub>1</sub> … a<sub>n</sub>) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:AllDifferent.<br />_:x owl:members (a<sub>1</sub> … a<sub>n</sub>).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ClassAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ClassAssertion">class assertion</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Class_Assertions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Class_Assertions">ClassAssertion</a>(C a) </td><td> a rdf:type C.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_ObjectPropertyAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_ObjectPropertyAssertion">positive object property assertion</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Positive_Object_Property_Assertions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Positive_Object_Property_Assertions">ObjectPropertyAssertion</a>( PN a<sub>1</sub> a<sub>2</sub> ) </td><td> a<sub>1</sub> PN a<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_DataPropertyAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_DataPropertyAssertion">positive data property assertion</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Positive_Data_Property_Assertions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Positive_Data_Property_Assertions">DataPropertyAssertion</a>( R a v ) </td><td> a R v.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion">negative object property assertion</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Negative_Object_Property_Assertions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Negative_Object_Property_Assertions">NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion</a>(P a<sub>1</sub> a<sub>2</sub> ) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion.<br />_:x owl:sourceIndividual a<sub>1</sub>.<br />_:x owl:assertionProperty P.<br />_:x owl:targetIndividual a<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_NegativeDataPropertyAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_NegativeDataPropertyAssertion">negative data property assertion</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Negative_Object_Property_Assertions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Negative_Object_Property_Assertions">NegativeDataPropertyAssertion</a>(R a v ) </td><td> _:x rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion.<br />_:x owl:sourceIndividual a.<br />_:x owl:assertionProperty R.<br />_:x owl:targetValue v.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Keys</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Keys" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Keys">Key</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Keys" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Keys">HasKey</a>(C (P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>m</sub>) (R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub>) ) </td><td> C owl:hasKey (P<sub>1</sub> … P<sub>m</sub> R<sub>1</sub> … R<sub>n</sub>). <br /> m+n>0
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<p><br />
</p>
<a name="Declarations"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.6 Declarations</span></h3>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">class</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing">Declaration</a>( Class( CN ) ) </td><td> CN rdf:type owl:Class.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">datatype</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing">Declaration</a>( Datatype( DN ) ) </td><td> DN rdf:type rdfs:Datatype.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">object property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing">Declaration</a>( ObjectProperty( PN ) ) </td><td> PN rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">data property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing">Declaration</a>( DataProperty( R ) ) </td><td> R rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">annotation property</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing">Declaration</a>( AnnotationProperty( A ) ) </td><td> A rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">named individual</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Entity_Declarations_and_Typing">Declaration</a>( NamedIndividual( aN ) ) </td><td> aN rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Annotations"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.7 Annotations</span></h3>
<p><b>Annotations</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_AnnotationAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_AnnotationAssertion">annotation assertion</a>
</td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotation_Assertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotation_Assertion">AnnotationAssertion</a>(A s t)
</td><td> s A t.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Aannotation" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Aannotation">annotation of an axiom</a><br /><sub>where the axiom in RDF is one or more triples of the form s<sub>i</sub> U t<sub>i</sub></sub>, i.e., with the same predicate U.
</td><td> AXIOM(<a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotations_of_Ontologies.2C_Axioms.2C_and_other_Annotations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotations_of_Ontologies.2C_Axioms.2C_and_other_Annotations">Annotation</a>(A t) …)
</td><td> _:x<sub>i</sub> A t. <br /> s<sub>i</sub> U t<sub>i</sub>.<br /> …<br />_:x<sub>i</sub> rdf:type owl:Axiom.<br />_:x<sub>i</sub> owl:annotatedSource s<sub>i</sub>.<br />_:x<sub>i</sub> owl:annotatedProperty U.<br />_:x<sub>i</sub> owl:annotatedTarget t<sub>i</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Aannotation" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Aannotation">annotation of an axiom</a><br /><sub>where the axiom in RDF is _:x U t<sub>1</sub></sub>
</td><td> AXIOM(<a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotations_of_Ontologies.2C_Axioms.2C_and_other_Annotations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotations_of_Ontologies.2C_Axioms.2C_and_other_Annotations">Annotation</a>(A t) … )<br />
</td><td> _:x A t. <br /> _:x U t<sub>1</sub>.<br /> …
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Aannotation" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Aannotation">annotation of another annotation</a><br /><sub>(the other annotation in RDF starts with s<sub>1</sub>)</sub>
</td><td> Annotation(<a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotations_of_Ontologies.2C_Axioms.2C_and_other_Annotations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotations_of_Ontologies.2C_Axioms.2C_and_other_Annotations">Annotation</a>(A t) … A<sub>1</sub> t<sub>1</sub>)
</td><td> _:x A t. <br /> s<sub>1</sub> A<sub>1</sub> t<sub>1</sub>.<br />…<br />_:x rdf:type owl:Annotation.<br />_:x owl:annotatedSource s<sub>1</sub>.<br />_:x owl:annotatedProperty A<sub>1</sub>.<br />_:x owl:annotatedTarget t<sub>1</sub>.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Annotation Properties</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> named annotation property </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotation_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotation_Properties">A</a> </td><td> A
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> human-readable name</td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_label" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_label">rdfs:label</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_label" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_label">rdfs:label</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> human-readable comment</td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_comment" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_comment">rdfs:comment</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_comment" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_comment">rdfs:comment</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> additional information</td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_seeAlso" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_seeAlso">rdfs:seeAlso</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_seealso" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_seealso">rdfs:seeAlso</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> defining agent </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_isDefinedBy" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_isDefinedBy">rdfs:isDefinedBy</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_isdefinedby" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_isdefinedby">rdfs:isDefinedBy</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> version information </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_versionInfo" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_versionInfo">owl:versionInfo</a> </td><td>owl:versionInfo
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> deprecation</td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_deprecated" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_deprecated">owl:deprecated</a> </td><td> owl:deprecated
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> backwards compatibility </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_backwardCompatibleWith" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_backwardCompatibleWith">owl:backwardCompatibleWith</a> </td><td> owl:backwardCompatibleWith
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> incompatibility </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_incompatibleWith" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_incompatibleWith">owl:incompatibleWith</a> </td><td> owl:incompatibleWith
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> prior version </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_priorVersion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_priorVersion">owl:priorVersion</a> </td><td> owl:priorVersion
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p><b>Annotation Axioms</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#a_SubAnnotationPropertyOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#a_SubAnnotationPropertyOf">annotation subproperties</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotation_Subproperties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotation_Subproperties">SubAnnotationPropertyOf</a>(A<sub>1</sub> A<sub>2</sub>) </td><td> A<sub>1</sub> rdfs:subPropertyOf A<sub>2</sub>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> annotation property domain </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotation_Property_Domain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotation_Property_Domain">AnnotationPropertyDomain</a>(A U) </td><td> A rdfs:domain U.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> annotation property range </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Annotation_Property_Range" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Annotation_Property_Range">AnnotationPropertyRange</a>(A U) </td><td> A rdfs:range U.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Ontologies"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">2.8 Ontologies</span></h3>
<p><b>Ontologies</b>
</p>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Language Feature</th><th>Functional Syntax</th><th>RDF Syntax
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Aontology" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Aontology">OWL ontology</a><br /> (<a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Ontology_Management" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Ontology_Management">importing</a>)<sup>1 2</sup> </td><td> <br /><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Ontologies" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Ontologies">Ontology</a>([ON [U]]<br /> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Imports" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Imports">Import</a>(ON<sub>1</sub>)...<br /> Annotation(A t)<br /> ...<br />) </td><td> ON rdf:type owl:Ontology.<br /> [ON owl:versionIRI U.] <br />ON owl:imports ON<sub>1</sub>. ... <br />ON A t.<br />...
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>prefix declaration<sup>3</sup> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_prefix" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_prefix">Prefix</a>(p=U)</td><td> @prefix p U.
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<ol><li> [ ] represents optional constructs
</li><li> In the RDF syntax _:x is used in place of ON if there is no ontology name.
</li><li> RDF syntax is in Turtle, other RDF serializations may vary.
</li></ol>
<p><br />
</p>
<a name="Built-in_Datatypes_and_Facets"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline">3 Built-in Datatypes and Facets</span></h2>
<a name="Built-in_Datatypes"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">3.1 Built-in Datatypes</span></h3>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<td>Universal Datatype </td><td colspan="4"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_literal" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_literal">rdfs:Literal</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="7"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_NumericDataTypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_NumericDataTypes">Numbers</a> </td><td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_rational" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_rational">owl:rational</a> </td><td colspan="2"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#a_real" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#a_real">owl:real</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#double" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#double">xsd:double</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#float" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#float">xsd:float</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#decimal" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#decimal">xsd:decimal</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#integer" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#integer">xsd:integer</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#long" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#long">xsd:long</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int">xsd:int</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#short" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#short">xsd:short</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#byte" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#byte">xsd:byte</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonNegativeInteger" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonNegativeInteger">xsd:nonNegativeInteger</a> </td><td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonPositiveInteger" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonPositiveInteger">xsd:nonPositiveInteger</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#positiveInteger" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#positiveInteger">xsd:positiveInteger</a> </td><td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#negativeInteger" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#negativeInteger">xsd:negativeInteger</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedLong" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedLong">xsd:unsignedLong</a> </td><td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedInt" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedInt">xsd:unsignedInt</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedShort" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedShort">xsd:unsignedShort</a> </td><td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedByte" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedByte">xsd:unsignedByte</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Strings" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Strings">Strings</a> </td><td colspan="4"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-rdf-plain-literal-20091027/" title="PlainLiteral">rdf:PlainLiteral</a> (RDF plain literals)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string">xsd:string</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#NCName" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#NCName">xsd:NCName</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#Name" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#Name">xsd:Name</a> </td><td><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#NMTOKEN" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#NMTOKEN">xsd:NMTOKEN</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#token" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#token">xsd:token</a> </td><td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#language" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#language">xsd:language</a> </td><td colspan="2"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#normalizedString" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#normalizedString">xsd:normalizedString</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Boolean_Values" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Boolean_Values">Boolean Values</a> </td><td colspan="4"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#boolean" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#boolean">xsd:boolean</a> (value space: <i>true</i> and <i>false</i>)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Binary_Data" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Binary_Data">Binary Data</a> </td><td colspan="2"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#base64Binary" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#base64Binary">xsd:base64Binary</a> </td><td colspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#hexBinary" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#hexBinary">xsd:hexBinary</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#IRIs" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#IRIs">IRIs</a> </td><td colspan="4"> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#anyURI" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#anyURI">xsd:anyURI</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#Time_Instants" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#Time_Instants">Time Instants</a> </td><td colspan="4"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#dateTime" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#dateTime">xsd:dateTime</a> (optional time zone offset)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#dateTimeStamp" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#dateTimeStamp">xsd:dateTimeStamp</a> (required time zone offset)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-syntax-20091027/#XML_Literals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Syntax#XML_Literals">XML Literals</a> </td><td colspan="4"><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/#section-XMLLiteral" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/#section-XMLLiteral">rdf:XMLLiteral</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Facets"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">3.2 <b>Facets</b></span></h3>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th> Facet </th><th> Value </th><th> Applicable Datatypes </th><th>Explanation
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-minInclusive" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-minInclusive">xsd:minInclusive</a><br /><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-maxInclusive" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-maxInclusive">xsd:maxInclusive</a><br /><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-minExclusive" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-minExclusive">xsd:minExclusive</a><br /><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-maxExclusive" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-maxExclusive">xsd:maxExclusive</a>
</td><td>literal in the corresponding datatype
</td><td>Numbers,<br />Time Instants
</td><td>Restricts the value-space to greater than (equal to) or lesser than (equal to) a value
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-minLength" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-minLength">xsd:minLength</a><br /><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-maxLength" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-maxLength">xsd:maxLength</a><br /><a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-length" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-length">xsd:length</a>
</td><td>Non-negative integer
</td><td>Strings, <br />Binary Data, <br />IRIs
</td><td>Restricts the value-space based on the <br />lengths of the literals
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-pattern" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#rf-pattern">xsd:pattern</a>
</td><td>xsd:string literal as a regular expression
</td><td>Strings, <br />IRIs
</td><td>Restricts the value space to literals that> match the regular expression
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-rdf-plain-literal-20091027/#langRange" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/PlainLiteral#langRange">rdf:langRange</a>
</td><td>xsd:string literal as a regular expression
</td><td>rdf:PlainLiteral
</td><td>Restricts the value space to literals with language tags that match the regular expression
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Appendix"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline">4 Appendix </span></h2>
<a name="New_Features_in_OWL_2"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">4.1 New Features in OWL 2</span></h3>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<td> Class Expressions </td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F4:_Self_Restriction" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F4:_Self_Restriction">local reflexivity</a> (self restriction)
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F5:_Property_Qualified_Cardinality_Restrictions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F5:_Property_Qualified_Cardinality_Restrictions">object</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F5:_Property_Qualified_Cardinality_Restrictions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F5:_Property_Qualified_Cardinality_Restrictions">data</a> qualified exact/maximum/minimal cardinality restriction
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F11:_N-ary_Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F11:_N-ary_Datatypes">universal</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F11:_N-ary_Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F11:_N-ary_Datatypes">existential</a> restriction on n-ary data range
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Class Axioms </td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F2:_DisjointClasses" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F2:_DisjointClasses">pairwise disjoint classes</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F1:_DisjointUnion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F1:_DisjointUnion">class disjoint union</a>
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Property Expressions </td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Top_and_Bottom_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Top_and_Bottom_Properties">universal</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Top_and_Bottom_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Top_and_Bottom_Properties">empty</a> object property
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Top_and_Bottom_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Top_and_Bottom_Properties">universal</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Top_and_Bottom_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Top_and_Bottom_Properties">empty</a> data property
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Inverse_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Inverse_Properties">inverse object property expression</a>
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Property Axioms </td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F8:_Property_Chain_Inclusion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F8:_Property_Chain_Inclusion">property chain inclusion</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F7:_Disjoint_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F7:_Disjoint_Properties">disjoint object properties</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F7:_Disjoint_Properties" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F7:_Disjoint_Properties">disjoint data properties</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_ReflexiveObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_ReflexiveObjectProperty">reflexive</a>, <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_IrreflexiveObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_IrreflexiveObjectProperty">irreflexive</a>, and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_AsymmetricObjectProperty" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_AsymmetricObjectProperty">asymmetric</a> object property.
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Data Ranges</td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Datatype_Definitions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Datatype_Definitions">datatype definition</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Data_Range_Combinations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Data_Range_Combinations">data range complement</a>, <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Data_Range_Combinations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Data_Range_Combinations">intersection</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Data_Range_Combinations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Data_Range_Combinations">union</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F10:_Extra_Datatypes_and_Datatype_Restrictions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F10:_Extra_Datatypes_and_Datatype_Restrictions">datatype restriction</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F10:_Extra_Datatypes_and_Datatype_Restrictions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F10:_Extra_Datatypes_and_Datatype_Restrictions">facets</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F11:_N-ary_Datatypes" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F11:_N-ary_Datatypes">hook for n-ary datatype</a>
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Assertions</td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F3:_NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion_and_NegativeDataPropertyAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F3:_NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion_and_NegativeDataPropertyAssertion">negative object property assertion</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F3:_NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion_and_NegativeDataPropertyAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F3:_NegativeObjectPropertyAssertion_and_NegativeDataPropertyAssertion">negative data property assertion</a>
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Annotation </td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_AnnotationAssertion" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_AnnotationAssertion">annotation assertion</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_AnnotationOfAxiom" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_AnnotationOfAxiom">annotation of an axiom or an annotation</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_SubAnnotationPropertyOf" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_SubAnnotationPropertyOf">annotation subproperties</a>
</li><li> annotation property <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_AnnotationPropertyDomain" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_AnnotationPropertyDomain">domain</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#a_AnnotationPropertyRange" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#a_AnnotationPropertyRange">range</a>
</li><li> owl:deprecated annotation property
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F10:_Extra_Datatypes_and_Datatype_Restrictions" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F10:_Extra_Datatypes_and_Datatype_Restrictions">Extra Built-in Datatypes</a> </td><td>
<ul><li> owl:rational, owl:real, xsd:dateTimeStamp, rdf:PlainLiteral
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Others</td><td>
<ul><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#F9:_Keys" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#F9:_Keys">key</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-primer-20091027/#Entity_Declarations" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/Primer#Entity_Declarations">declaration</a>
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Simple_metamodeling_capabilities" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Simple_metamodeling_capabilities">metamodeling capabilities</a> (Punning)
</li><li> <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-owl2-new-features-20091027/#Anonymous_Individuals" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/wiki/New_Features_and_Rationale#Anonymous_Individuals">anonymous individual</a>
</li></ul>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<a name="Additional_Vocabulary_in_OWL_2_RDF_Syntax"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">4.2 Additional Vocabulary in OWL 2 RDF Syntax</span></h3>
<div style="padding: 0 1em 0 2em;">
<table class="open-data-table">
<tbody><tr>
<th> Feature </th><th> Vocabulary </th><th> Note
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td> data range </td><td> owl:DataRange </td><td> deprecated in OWL 2, replaced by <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_datatype" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/#ch_datatype">rdfs:Datatype</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> membership of a set of pairwise different individuals </td><td> owl:distinctMembers </td><td> can alternatively use owl:members
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> ontology property </td><td> owl:OntologyProperty </td><td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td> deprecation </td><td> owl:DeprecatedClass,<br /> owl:DeprecatedProperty </td><td> alternative RDF syntax:<br /> <tt>s rdf:type owl:DeprecatedClass .</tt> or <br /><tt>s rdf:type owl:DeprecatedProperty .</tt><br /> can be replaced by<br />
<p><tt>s owl:deprecated "true"^^xsd:boolean .</tt>
</p>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div id="changelog">
<a name="Appendix:_Change_Log_.28Informative.29"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline">5 Appendix: Change Log (Informative) </span></h2>
<a name="Changes_Since_Proposed_Recommendation"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">5.1 Changes Since Proposed Recommendation </span></h3>
<p>This section summarizes the changes to this document since the <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/PR-owl2-quick-reference-20090922/" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/PR-owl2-quick-reference-20090922/">Proposed Recommendation of 22 September, 2009</a>.
</p>
<ul><li> Minor editorial changes to "Annotations" table.
</li><li> Minor editorial change to the explanation of table headers and others.
</li><li> Link to a pdf version of the guide, i.e., the OWL 2 Reference Card.
</li></ul>
<a name="Changes_Since_Last_Call"></a><h3> <span class="mw-headline">5.2 Changes Since Last Call </span></h3>
<p>This section summarizes the changes to this document since the <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-owl2-quick-reference-20090611/" title="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-owl2-quick-reference-20090611/">Candidate Recommendation of 11 June, 2009</a>.
</p>
<ul><li> The "Features At Risk" note w.r.t. the owl:rational and rdf:XMLLiteral datatypes was removed: implementation support has been adequately demonstrated, and the features are no longer considered at risk (see <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/meeting/2009-08-05#resolution_5" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/meeting/2009-08-05#resolution_5">Resolution 5</a> and <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/meeting/2009-08-05#resolution_6" title="http://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/meeting/2009-08-05#resolution_6">Resolution 6</a>, 05 August 2009).
</li><li> Some minor editorial changes were made.
</li></ul>
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<a name="Acknowledgments"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline">6 Acknowledgments </span></h2>
<p>The starting point for the development of OWL 2 was the <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/Submission/2006/10/" title="http://www.w3.org/Submission/2006/10/">OWL1.1 member submission</a>, itself a result of user and developer feedback, and in particular of information gathered during the <a class="external text" href="http://www.webont.org/owled/" title="http://www.webont.org/owled/">OWL Experiences and Directions (OWLED) Workshop series</a>. The working group also considered <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/WebOnt/webont-issues.html" title="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/WebOnt/webont-issues.html">postponed issues</a> from the <a class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL/" title="http://www.w3.org/2004/OWL/">WebOnt Working Group</a>.
</p><p>This document has been produced by the OWL Working Group (see below), and its contents reflect extensive discussions within the Working Group as a whole.
The editors extend special thanks to
Bernardo Cuenca Grau (Oxford University),
Christine Golbreich (Université de Versailles St-Quentin and LIRMM),
Ivan Herman (W3C/ERCIM), and
Bijan Parsia (University of Manchester)
for their thorough reviews.
</p><p>The regular attendees at meetings of the OWL Working Group at the time of publication of this document were:
Jie Bao (RPI),
Diego Calvanese (Free University of Bozen-Bolzano),
Bernardo Cuenca Grau (Oxford University Computing Laboratory),
Martin Dzbor (Open University),
Achille Fokoue (IBM Corporation),
Christine Golbreich (Université de Versailles St-Quentin and LIRMM),
Sandro Hawke (W3C/MIT),
Ivan Herman (W3C/ERCIM),
Rinke Hoekstra (University of Amsterdam),
Ian Horrocks (Oxford University Computing Laboratory),
Elisa Kendall (Sandpiper Software),
Markus Krötzsch (FZI),
Carsten Lutz (Universität Bremen),
Deborah L. McGuinness (RPI),
Boris Motik (Oxford University Computing Laboratory),
Jeff Pan (University of Aberdeen),
Bijan Parsia (University of Manchester),
Peter F. Patel-Schneider (Bell Labs Research, Alcatel-Lucent),
Sebastian Rudolph (FZI),
Alan Ruttenberg (Science Commons),
Uli Sattler (University of Manchester),
Michael Schneider (FZI),
Mike Smith (Clark & Parsia),
Evan Wallace (NIST),
Zhe Wu (Oracle Corporation), and
Antoine Zimmermann (DERI Galway).
We would also like to thank past members of the working group:
Jeremy Carroll,
Jim Hendler,
Vipul Kashyap.
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