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<h1 class="title">Liaisons</h1>
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<p class="tPadding">Many organizations in addition to W3C develop standards for
the Internet or the Web. In order coordinate the development of the Web, W3C
engages in <a href="#main">liaisons with numerous organizations</a> after
careful <a href="#considerations">consideration of the costs and benefits</a>.
</p>

<p>Liaison index → <a href="#n3">3</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a
href="#A">A</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#B">B</a><span
class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#C">C</a><span class="bullet"> •
</span> <a href="#D">D</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a
href="#E">E</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#F">F</a><span
class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#G">G</a><span class="bullet"> •
</span> <a href="#I">I</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a
href="#J">J</a><span class="bullet"> </span><a href="#M"></a><span
class="bullet">•</span> <a href="#N">N</a><span class="bullet"> • </span>
<a href="#O">O</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#S">S</a><span
class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#T">T</a><span class="bullet"> •
</span> <a href="#U">U</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a
href="#V">V</a><span class="bullet"> • </span> <a href="#W">W</a> </p>
</div>

<div class="data">

<table id="main"
summary="Summary of W3C partnerships. Table headers: Organization, Web activities, W3C Activities, name of W3C Contact"
border="1">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>Organization</th>
      <th>W3C Activities affected</th>
      <th>W3C contact</th>
      <th class="lastColumn">Liaison contact</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="n3"><!-- --></a><a name="ThreeGPP" id="ThreeGPP"
        href="http://www.3gpp.org/">3GPP</a> 3rd Generation Partnership
      Project</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/mmi/">Multimodal</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/">SMIL</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/Overview.htm8">SVG</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/TT/">Timed Text</a> </td>
      <td>Multimodal: <a href="/People/all#ashimura">Kazuyuki Ashimura</a> 

        <p>SMIL: <a href="/People/tmichel/">Thierry Michel</a> <br />
        SVG: <a href="/People/Lilley/">Chris Lilley</a> <br />
        Timed Text: <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/LeHegaret/">Philippe Le
        Hégaret</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Multimodal: <a
        href="mailto:paolo.usai@etsi.org">Paolo Usai</a> <br />
        SMIL: <a href="mailto:paolo.usai@etsi.org">Paolo Usai</a> <br />
        SVG: <a href="mailto:Tolga.Capin@nokia.com">Tolga Capin</a>, <a
        href="mailto:paolo.usai@etsi.org">Paolo Usai</a> <br />
        Timed Text: <a href="mailto:paolo.usai@etsi.org">Paolo Usai</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="A"><!-- --></a><a id="AccessBoard" name="AccessBoard"
        href="http://www.access-board.gov/">Access Board (US)</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">David Capozzi</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td id="AIGA"><a href="http://www.aiga.org">AIGA</a> The Professional
        Association for Design</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/owea/">OWEA</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a></td>
      <td>Ben Friedman</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.afnor.fr">AFNOR</a> (French ISO)</td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a></td>
      <td>Jean Laurens, Josée Auber</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ATIA" id="ATIA" href="http://www.atia.org">Assistive
        Technology Industry Association (ATIA)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">David Dikter</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="Apache" id="Apache" href="http://www.apache.org">Apache</a>
        The Apache Software Foundation</td>
      <td><a href="/Status">Open Source</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/People/Eric/">Eric Prud'hommeaux</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:board@apache.org">Apache board</a>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="AICTO" id="AICTO" href="http://www.aicto.org/">Arab <acronym
        title="Information and Communication Technologies">ICT</acronym>
        Organization (AICTO)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Rakia Baccouche<br />
        Khedija Ghariani</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="B"><!-- --></a><a name="BSI" id="BSI"
        href="www.bsi-global.com/">British Standards Institution (BSI)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Jean Stride</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="C"><!-- --></a><a name="CEN" id="CEN"
        href="http://www.cenorm.be/">European Committee for Standardization
        (CEN)</a> </td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons <a href="/P3P/">Privacy</a>, <a href="/WAI/">WAI</a> 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/copras/">COPRAS</a> </p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#rigo">Rigo Wenning</a>, <a
        href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a>, <a
        href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:john.ketchell@cenorm.be">John
        Ketchell</a> <br />
        Barbara Gatti</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.cenorm.be/">CEN</a> <a
        href="http://www.cen.eu/CEN/Sectors/sectors/isss/activity/Page/ws-elssi.aspx">(ELSSI
        EMD)</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/standards/semanticweb/">Semantic Web</a>,
        Ontology development </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#eric">Eric
      Prud'hommeaux</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a
        href="mailto:david.leal@caesarsystems.co.uk">David Leal</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.cesi.cn/www/en/" name="CESI" id="CESI">CESI</a>
        China Electronics Standardization Institute</td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons, 

        <p><a href="/2002/ws/">Web Services</a></p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><p><a href="mailto:yuanyuan@cesi.ac.cn">Ms. Yuan
        Yuan</a> </p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.continuaalliance.org">Continua Health
        Alliance</a> </td>
      <td>Device API, Mobile, HCLS</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Dom/">Dominique
      Hazael-Massieux</a></td>
      <td>Chuck Parker 

        <p>Jose Manrique Lopez de la Fuente</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="D"><!-- --></a><a name="DATSCG" id="DATSCG"
        href="http://www.ict.etsi.fr/DATSCG_overview.htm">Design For All and
        Assistive Technology Standardization Co-ordination Group (DATSCG)</a>
      </td>
      <td><a href="/WAI/">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Gill Whitney<br />
        Barbara Gatti </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.diplomacy.edu/">DiploFoundation</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2007/IntlRel.html">Generic
      Liaisons</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#danield">Daniel
      Dardailler</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:jovank@diplomacy.edu">Jovan
        Kurbalija</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="DC" id="DC" href="http://dublincore.org/">DCMI</a> Dublin
        Core Accessibility Group</td>
      <td><a href="/2001/sw/">Semantic Web</a>, <a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Liddy Nevile</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="Daisy" id="Daisy" href="http://www.daisy.org/">DAISY
        Consortium</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/WAI/">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">George Kerscher</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="Daisy1" id="Daisy1" href="http://www.dlna.org/">DLNA
        (Digital Living Network Alliance)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/">HTML, </a> 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/webtv/">Web and TV</a></p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#danield">Daniel Dardailler</a>

        <p>Kazuyuki Ashimura</p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Amol Bhagwat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="E"><!-- --></a><a name="ECMA" id="ECMA"
        href="http://www.ecma-international.org/">Ecma International</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/">HTML, Web Apps, I18n, Security</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#danield">Daniel
        Dardailler</a><br />
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a
        href="mailto:istvan@ecma-international.org">Istvan Sebestyen</a> 

        <p><a href="mailto:josee.auber@hp.com">Josée Auber</a></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a><!-- --></a><a name="EuroAccessibility" id="EuroAccessibility"
        href="http://www.euroaccessibility.org/">EuroAccessibility</a><br />
        <a name="euracert" id="euracert"
        href="http://www.euracert.org">EuraCert</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Dominique Burger</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://europa.eu.int/comm/index_en.htm">European
        Commission</a> </td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><p><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#ph">Philipp Hoschka</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#rigo">Rigo Wenning</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#jeff">Jeff Jaffe</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a
        href="http://europa.eu.int/information_society/index_en.htm">DG
        Information Society</a> 

        <p><a href="http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/index_en.htm">DG
        Enterprise</a></p>

        <p>From Commissioner level to PO.</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="EDF" id="EDF" href="http://www.edf-feph.org/">European
        Disability Forum (EDF)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></td>
      <td>Nadège Riche</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ETSI" id="ETSI" href="http://www.etsi.org/">European
        Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/2008/xmlsec/">XML Security</a>, Multimodal, <a
        href="/2005/MWI/BPWG/">Mobile</a>, Generic Liaisons, <a
        href="/WAI">WAI</a>, PSI egov. <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2011/webtv/">Web and TV</a>. </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#rigo">Rigo Wenning</a>,<a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#tlr"><br />
        Kazuyuki Ashimura, Thomas Roessler</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:Philippe.Cousin@etsi.fr">Philippe
        Cousin</a> 

        <p>Jorgen Friis</p>

        <p><a href="mailto:Margot.Dor@etsi.org">Margot Dor</a> </p>

        <p>Juan Carlos Cruellas</p>

        <p>Alberto Berrini, Mike Pluke, and Mathias Schneider for M376</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://fcc.gov">Federal Communications Commission
      (FCC)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a></td>
      <td>Karen Strauss</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="F"><!-- --></a><a name="FSTC" id="FSTC"
        href="http://www.fstc.org">Financial Services Technology Consortium
        (FSTC)</a> </td>
      <td>General Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#swick">Ralph Swick</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="http://www.fstc.org/about/staff.php">Dan
        Schutzer</a>, Executive Director (and AC Rep)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="G"><!-- --></a><a name="G3ICT" id="G3ICT"
        href="http://www.g3ict.org/">Global Initiative for Inclusive ICTs
        (G3ICT)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a>, <a
        href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a></td>
      <td>Axel Leblois</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="I"><!-- --></a><a href="http://www.i3a.org" name="I3A"
        id="I3A">International Imaging Industry Association (I3A)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/mmsem/">MMSem XG</a>, DIG35
        metadata standard, OWL conversion</td>
      <td><a href="mailto:raphael.troncy@cwi.nl">Raphaël Troncy</a>, 

        <p><a href="mailto:danield@w3.org">Daniel Dardailler</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:jamesp@i3a.org">James A.
        Peyton</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ICANN" id="ICANN" href="http://www.icann.org">ICANN</a> 

        <p class="via">(through <a
        href="http://www.icann.org/general/bylaws.htm#XI-A-2">Technical Liaison
        Group</a>)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="/Addressing/">URI</a>, IDN, Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="mailto:roessler@w3.org">Thomas Roessler</a>, <a
        href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler, </a><a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#jeff">Jeff Jaffe</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">CEO, Chairman, board members, staff</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ICC" id="ICC" href="http://www.color.org">International
        Color Consortium (ICC)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/Graphics/">Graphics</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/People/Lilley/">Chris Lilley</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"> Ann L McCarthy</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="IDA" id="IDA"
        href="http://www.ida-secretariat.org/">International Disability
        Alliance (IDA)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></td>
      <td>Ellen Walker</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>ICT Standardization Steering Group, DG Enterprise</td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons, EU Recognition</td>
      <td><a href="mailto:rigo@w3.org">Rigo Wenning</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><p><a
        href="mailto:kiritkumar.lathia@gmail.com">Kiritkumar Lathia</a></p>

        <p><a href="mailto:isavh@microsoft.com">Isabelle Valet-Harper</a></p>

        <p>Anne Lehouck</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr id="idpf">
      <td><a href="http://www.idpf.org/">International Digital Publishing Forum
        (EPUB/OpenEBook) - IDPF</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/">HTML</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/Style/">Style</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/">Graphics</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2006/rwc/">Rich Web Client</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2008/WebVideo/">Video</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/International/">I18N</a> , <a
        href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="mailto:mike@w3.org">Michael(tm) Smith</a> 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a> (WAI)</p>

        <p><a href="/People/Lilley/">Chris Lilley</a> (Graphics) </p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#bert">Bert Bos</a> (Style)</p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">
        <div>
        <a href="mailto:kerscher@montana.com">George Kerscher</a> (WAI)</div>

        <div>
        <a href="mailto:bmccoy@idpf.org">Bill McCoy</a> 

        <p>Koji Ishii (CSS) </p>

        <p>Jun Fujisawa (SVG)</p>
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="IEEE" id="IEEE" href="http://www.pwg.org/">IEEE Printer
        Working Group (PWG)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/">HTML</a> </td>
      <td><a href="mailto:steven@w3.org">Steven Pemberton</a> (HTML)</td>
      <td class="lastColumn"></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="IETF" id="IETF" href="http://www.ietf.org/">The Internet
        Engineering Task Force (IETF)</a> </td>
      <td>Security, Privacy, HTML, Rich Web Applications, Real-Time
        Communications</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#tlr">Thomas Roessler</a>,<br />
        <a href="/People/LeHegaret/">Philippe Le Hégaret,</a> <br />
        see also: <a
        href="/Archives/Public/public-ietf-w3c/">public-ietf-w3c</a> mailing
        list</td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a
        href="http://www.ietf.org/liaisonActivities.html">Mark Nottingham</a>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="IGF" name="IGF" href="http://www.intgovforum.org/">The
        Internet Governance Forum (IGF)</a> </td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons, Followup to <a id="WSIS" name="WSIS">WSIS</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler</a> 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">IGF UN Secretary, chair</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.itu.int/themes/accessibility/dc" name="IGF-DCOS"
        id="IGF-DCOS">IGF Dynamic Coalition on Open Standards (DCOS)</a></td>
      <td>Open Standardization</td>
      <td><a href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">DCOS coordinator</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.intgovforum.org/Dynamic%20Coalitions.php?listy=4"
        name="IGF-DCAD" id="IGF-DCAD">IGF Dynamic Coalition on Accessibility
        and Disability (DCAD)</a></td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Andrea Saks, Alexandra Gaspari</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="IMS" name="IMS" href="http://www.imsglobal.org/">IMS Global
        Learning Consortium, Inc.</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Jutta Treviranus</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.incits.org/tc_home/ia.htm">INCITS Study Group on
        Accessibility</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><p>Ms. <a href="mailto:andisnow@us.ibm.com">Andi
        Snow-Weaver</a></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iptc.org" name="IPTC" id="IPTC">International
        Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC)</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/mmsem/">MMSem XG</a>, OWL
        conversion, RDFa</td>
      <td><a href="mailto:raphael.troncy@cwi.nl">Raphaël Troncy</a>, 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#ivan">Ivan Herman</a> </p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:Misha.Wolf@reuters.com">Misha
        Wolf</a> 

        <p>Michael Steidl</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> <a
        href="http://www.iso.org/iso/jtc1_home.html">JTC 1</a> <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2010/03/w3c-pas-submission.html">PAS</a>
        status, ARO</td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Josée Auber, PAS Mentor, HP. 

        <p>Karen Higginbottom JTC 1 secretary</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> JTC1/<a
        href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/">SC2</a> and its WG2 

        <p class="via">(Class C Liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="/International">I18N</a> </td>
      <td><a href="../../People/Ishida/">Richard Ishida</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:mikeksar@microsoft.com">Mike
        Ksar</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> <a name="JTC11"
        id="JTC11">JTC1</a>/<a
        href="http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink?func=ll&amp;objId=327973&amp;objAction=browse&amp;sort=name">SC
        24</a> 

        <p class="via">(Class C Liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/">Graphics</a> </td>
      <td><a href="mailto:chris@w3.org">Chris Lilley</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:Jean.Stride@bsi-global.com">Jean
        Stride</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ISO" id="ISO" href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> <a
        href="http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2122/327993/customview.html?func=ll&amp;objId=327993">JTC1</a>/<a
        href="http://jtc1sc32.org/">SC 32</a> 

        <p class="via">(Class C Liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td>XML and Dublin Core</td>
      <td><a href="/people/quin">Liam Quin</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:jim.melton@oracle.com">Jim
        Melton</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> JTC1/ <a
        href="http://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc34/">SC 34</a> OOXML, ODF </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/">XML</a></td>
      <td><a href="/people/quin">Liam Quin</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:innovimax@gmail.com">Mohamed
        Zergaoui</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>ISO JTC1 SC35 WG6</td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a></td>
      <td>Janina Sajka</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> JTC1/<a
        href="http://itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/">SC 29</a>/<a
        href="http://itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w12901.htm">WG1</a> (JPEG) 

        <p class="via">(Class C Liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics">Graphics</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/PNG/">PNG</a> 

        <p>SVG</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="mailto:chris@w3.org">Chris Lilley</a></td>
      <td><p><a href="mailto:singer@apple.com">David Singer</a></p>

        <p><a href="mailto:ogura@itscj.ipsj.or.jp">Yukiko Ogura</a></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> JTC1/<a
        href="http://itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/">SC 29</a>/WG11 (MPEG) 

        <p class="via">(Class C Liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics">Graphics</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/mmsem/">MMSem XG</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2008/webapps/">WebApps</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2011/webtv/">Web and TV</a> 

        <p>Fonts, <a href="http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/TT/">Timed Text</a></p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="mailto:plh@w3.org">Philippe Le Hégaret</a> (Timed Text)<br
        />
        <a href="mailto:chris@w3.org">Chris Lilley</a> (SVG, Fonts) 

        <p><a href="mailto:raphael.troncy@cwi.nl">Raphaël Troncy</a> (MMSem XG
        chair)</p>

        <p><a href="even">Doug Schepers</a> (WebApps)</p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><br />
        <a href="mailto:jean-claude.dufourd@streamezzo.com">Dr. Jean-Claude
        Dufourd</a> 

        <p>See the <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/mmsem/liaison/29n79301.doc">XG
        liaison statement</a> </p>

        <p><a href="mailto:ogura@itscj.ipsj.or.jp">Yukiko Ogura</a></p>

        <p>Secretary, SC 29</p>

        <p>Vladimir Levantovsky</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.iso.ch/">ISO</a> TC 68/ WG 4 

        <p class="via">(Class D Liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="/2002/ws/">Web Services</a> (on ISO side: Financial
        services) </td>
      <td><p><a href="mailto:steve@pi4tech.com">Steve Ross-Talbot</a>
        (WS-CDL)</p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#ylafon">Yves Lafon</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Matthew Rawlings</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="JTC1" id="JTC1">ISO</a> JTC 1 <a
        href="http://www.jtc1access.org">SWG Accessibility</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="mailto:jbrewer@w3.org">Judy Brewer</a> 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:karen_higginbottom@hp.com">Karen
        Higginbottom</a> 

        <p><a href="mailto:alli@microsoft.com">Alex Li</a></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ITIC" id="ITIC" href="http://www.itic.org/">ITIC</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Brewer">Judy Brewer</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Ken Saelets,<br />
        Don Deutsch</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ITU" id="ITU" href="http://www.itu.int/">International
        Telecommunication Union (ITU)</a></td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Alexandra Gaspari, Various ITU staff</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ITU-T" id="ITU-T"
        href="http://www.itu.int/net/about/itu-t.aspx">ITU-T</a> JCA-AHF and
        Q16/26</td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Yushi Naito 

        <p>SG 16 Chairman </p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="ITU-T1" id="ITU-T1"
        href="http://www.itu.int/net/about/itu-t.aspx">ITU-T</a> Group 16
      IPTV</td>
      <td>eHealth, <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/webtv/">Web and TV</a></td>
      <td><p><a href="/People/all#ashimura">Kazuyuki Ashimura</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#fd">François Daoust</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a
        href="mailto:kawamori.masahito@lab.ntt.co.jp">Masahito Kawamori</a>,
        Rosa Angeles-León de Vivero</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="IW3C2" id="IW3C2" href="http://www.iw3c2.org/">IW3C2</a>
        International WWW Conference Committee</td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/">Communications</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#ivan">Ivan Herman</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Mary Ellen Zurko </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="J"><!-- --></a><a id="JIS" name="JIS"
        href="http://www.jisc.go.jp/">Japanese Industrial Standards Committee,
        X 8341-3 Working Group 2</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a>, <a
        href="/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Makoto Ueki (InfoAxia)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="N">National</a> Information Society Agency (<a
        href="http://www.nia.or.kr/files/ko/nia2009/html/goEnglis.html">NIA</a>)</td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a></td>
      <td>Joon-Ho Hyun</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="O"><!-- --></a><a name="OASIS" id="OASIS"
        href="http://www.oasis-open.org/">Organization for the Advancement of
        Structured Information Standards (OASIS)</a> 

        <p>W3C Member</p>
      </td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons, 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/">HTML</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/Security/">Secutiry</a></p>

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/egov/">eGov</a> </p>

        <p>SVG (ODF liaison)</p>
      </td>
      <td><p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#tlr">Thomas Roessler</a>
        (Security, eGov)</p>

        <p><a href="/People/Schepers/">Doug Schepers</a> (SVG, ODF)</p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><p><a href="mailto:dang@mit.edu">Daniel
        Greenwood</a> (MIT), LegalXML eContracts Committee</p>

        <p>Digital Signatures Extended (DSS-X) TC: Juan Carlos Cruellas<br />
        eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) TC: Hal Lockhart<br />
        Security Services (SAML) TC: Hal Lockhart<br />
        Web Services Federation TC: Mike McIntosh (through Bruce Rich)<br />
        Web Services Secure Exchange (WS-SX) TC: Hal Lockhart, Frederick Hirsch
        </p>

        <p>Scott McGrath, OASIS, Senior Director of Member Services<br />
        Michael Brauer, ODF TC<br />
        Rob Weir, ODF TC </p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.oecd.org">OECD</a> <a
        href="http://www.internetac.org/">ITAC</a></td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons, Privacy, Open Standard</td>
      <td><a href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler</a> 

        <p><a href="/people/rigo">Rigo Wenning</a></p>
      </td>
      <td>Christine Runnegar, ISOC 

        <p>Bill Graham, ISOC</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="OGF" id="OGF" href="http://www.ogf.org/">Open Grid Forum
        (OGF)</a> </td>
      <td>Web Services, Semantic Web</td>
      <td><a href="/People/danield">Daniel Dardailler </a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"> <a href="mailto:dder@ecs.soton.ac.uk">David De
        Roure</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.openmobilealliance.org/">OMA</a> <a name="oma"
        href="#oma" id="oma">Open Mobile Alliance</a> 

        <p class="via">(through <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2008/07-W3C-OMA-Agreement.html">MoU
        with OMA</a>)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/">CSS</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics">Graphics</a> <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/">HTML</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2002/mmi/">Multimodal,</a> Mobile Web
        Initiative <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/federatedsocialweb/">Federated
        Social Web</a> </td>
      <td><a href="mailto:chris@w3.org">Chris Lilley</a>,<a
        href="mailto:ph@w3.org">Philipp Hoschka</a>, ,<a
        href="mailto:harry@w3.org">Harry Halpin</a>(Federated Social Web) </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Kieran McAleese 

        <p>Kimmo Halonen</p>

        <p>Mobile Web Initiative: Jari Alvinen</p>

        <p>Federated Social Web: Goix Laurent Walter</p>

        <p><a href="OMA-LIAISON@MAIL.OPENMOBILEALLIANCE.ORG">Victoria
        Gray</a>.</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="OMG" id="OMG" href="http://www.omg.org/">Object Management
        Group (OMG)</a> </td>
      <td>Web Services, <a href="http://www.w3.org/DOM/">DOM</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/LeHegaret/">Philippe Le Hégaret</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:nemiah@omg.org">James
      Nemiah</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="OpenEbook" id="OpenEbook"
        href="http://www.openebook.org/">Open eBook Forum (OeBF)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/WAI/">WAI</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/People/Brewer/">Judy Brewer</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.openiptvforum.org/" name="ogc1" id="ogc1">Open
        IPTV Forum</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/webtv/">Web and TV</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#fd">François Daoust</a>, 

        <p><a href="/People/all#ashimura">Kazuyuki Ashimura</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Jon Piesing</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.opengis.org/" name="ogc" id="ogc">Open GIS
        Consortium (OGC)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/Graphics/SVG">SVG</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/People/Chris/">Chris Lilley</a>, <a
        href="mailto:ralph@w3.org">Ralph Swick</a> 

        <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#ivan">Ivan Herman</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#mdw">Matt Womer</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Carl Reed, <a
        href="mailto:rlake@galdosinc.com">Ron Lake</a> 

        <p>Raj Singh</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="owasp" href="http://www.owasp.org/">Open Web Application
        Security Project (OWASP)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg">HTML</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2008/webapps/">WebApps</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#tlr">Thomas Roessler</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Sebastien Deleersnyder</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="S"><!-- --></a><a href="http://www.iswsa.org/" name="SWSA"
        id="SWSA">Semantic Web Science Association (SWSA)</a> </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/">Semantic Web</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/egov/">eGov</a></td>
      <td><a href="mailto:ivan@w3.org">Ivan Hermann</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn">James Hendler</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.smpte.org/" name="SMPTE" id="SMPTE">SMPTE</a>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/">SYMM,</a> <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/TT/">Timed Text</a></td>
      <td><a href="mailto:tmichel@w3.org">Thierry Michel,</a><a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/LeHegaret/">Philippe Le Hégaret</a>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:mdolan@newtbt.com">Mike Dolan</a>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="T"><!-- --></a><a name="TOG" id="TOG"
        href="http://www.opengroup.org/">The Open Group</a> </td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><p><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/danield/">Daniel
        Dardailler</a></p>
      </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"> Scott Hansen</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="U"><!-- --></a><a name="Unicode" id="Unicode"
        href="http://www.unicode.org/">Unicode</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/International/">I18N</a> </td>
      <td><a href="../../People/Ishida/">Richard Ishida</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"> <a href="mailto:mark.davis@us.ibm.com">Mark
        Davis</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="UNC" id="UNC"
        href="http://www.unece.org/cefact/">UN/CEFACT</a> </td>
      <td>Generic Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"> <a href="mailto:Stuart.Feder@bis.org">Stuart
        Feder</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a href="http://www.unesco.org">UNESCO</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/International">I18N</a>, <a href="/WAI/">WAI</a>, Generic
        Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="/people/danield">Daniel Dardailler</a>, <a
        href="/people/ishida">Richard Ishida</a>, <a
        href="/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> </td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:a.plathe@unesco.org">Axel
        Plathe</a>, <a href="mailto:c.menezes@unesco.org">Claudio Menezes</a>,
        Irmgarda Kasinskaite </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="V"><!-- --></a><a name="VoiceXML" id="VoiceXML"
        href="http://www.voicexml.org/">VoiceXML Forum</a> 

        <p class="via">(through <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/MOU.txt">MoU
        with VoiceXML Forum</a>)</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Voice/">Voice Browser</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/2002/mmi/">Multimodal</a></td>
      <td><a href="/People/all#ashimura">Kazuyuki Ashimura</a>, <a
        href="http://www.w3.org/People/all#mdw">Matt Womer</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a
        href="mailto:michelle.hunt@ieee-isto.org">Michelle Hunt</a> </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a id="W"><!-- --></a><a name="WAB" id="WAB"
        href="http://www.wabcluster.org">Web Accessibility Benchmarking (WAB)
        Cluster</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/WAI">WAI</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Eric Velleman, Carlos Velasco, Mikael Snaprud,
        Dominique Burger </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="WASP" id="WASP" href="http://www.webstandards.org">The Web
        Standards Project (WASP)</a></td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/">Communications</a> </td>
      <td><a href="/People/Jacobs">Ian Jacobs</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn">Jeffrey Zeldman</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td><a name="Web3D" id="Web3D" href="http://www.web3d.org/">Web3D</a>
        Web3D Consortium 

        <p>Member</p>
      </td>
      <td><a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/">Graphics</a> Generic
      Liaisons</td>
      <td><a href="/People/Lilley/">Chris Lilley</a></td>
      <td class="lastColumn"><a href="mailto:brutzman@nps.edu">Don Brutzman</a>
        <br />
      </td>
    </tr>
    <!--
                                                                                                                                                    <tr>
                                                                                                                                                      <td><a href="http://www.ws-i.org/" id="WS-I" name="WS-I">WS-I</a> Web
                                                                                                                                                        Services Interoperability Organization</td>
                                                                                                                                                      <td><a href="/2002/ws/">Web Services</a> </td>
                                                                                                                                                      <td>Yves Lafon</td>
                                                                                                                                                      <td class="lastColumn">Ed Cobb (management), Jeff Mischkinski
                                                                                                                                                      (technical)</td>
                                                                                                                                                    </tr>
                                                                                                                                                    -->
  </tbody>
</table>
</div>

<h2 id="mission">Mission of W3C International Liaisons</h2>

<p>W3C is determined to improve W3C's liaisons with international organizations
in the areas of policy and standardization and to reinforce W3C's commitment to
developing one Web for all. The W3C staff provides the leadership to coordinate
and to empower W3C Offices. The staff acts as a catalyst and enabler for both
the W3C management team and the Offices, with whom it shares best practices and
resources.</p>

<p>International Relations focuses on spreading W3C's messages and technologies
beyond the Consortium's usual geographical and Web community frontiers. We
pursue the vision and plan outlined in the white paper <cite><a
href="http://www.w3.org/2005/02/W3C-Global-Focus.html">Worldwide Participation
in the World Wide Web Consortium</a> </cite> with the goal of making it easier
for new stakeholders to discover and participate in W3C's work and values.</p>

<h2 id="contact">Contacting W3C to Establish a Liaison</h2>

<p>The best way to reach W3C about liaisons and partnerships is to send email
to <a href="mailto:team-liaisons@w3.org">team-liaisons@w3.org</a> which will
reach <a href="/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a>, <a
href="/People/all#rigo">Rigo Wenning</a>, <a href="/People/all#tlr">Thomas
Roessler</a> and the other W3C staff members active in the area. </p>

<p>We have additional information about <a
href="http://www.w3.org/participate/eu-research">participation in W3C by
EU-funded projects</a>.</p>

<p>For relationships between W3C and government driven organizations like ISO,
ITU, EU normalization (ETSI, CEN), UN efforts like IGF/WSISs, national bodies
(ANSI, AFNOR, etc.), and for political liaison activities with other Internet
organizations like IETF, ICANN, ISOC, etc., please cc <a
href="/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a> in any case.</p>

<p>If you prefer private communication, please contact <a
href="/People/danield/">Daniel Dardailler</a>.</p>

<h2 id="about">About the Liaison Table</h2>

<p>Each entry in the following table of partnerships (active or not)
includes:</p>
<ul class="show_items">
  <li>the name of the organization, linked to its homepage. In addition, formal
    agreements can be listed here.</li>
  <li>the W3C activities or technologies affected by the liaison</li>
  <li>one or several contact names within W3C</li>
  <li>one or several liaison contact names</li>
</ul>

<p>For more information about a particular liaison, please refer to the contact
page for the listed individual(s).</p>

<h2 id="considerations">Considerations When Establishing a Liaison</h2>

<p>W3C finds its liaisons fall into two categories:</p>
<ul class="show_items">
  <li><a href="#simple">simple liaisons</a></li>
  <li><a href="#formal">formal agreements for joint work</a>, involving a
    Memorandum of Understanding (<acronym>MoU</acronym>), signed on paper and
    reviewed by W3C legal, and the Advisory Committee, per process
  requirement.</li>
</ul>

<p>We list both types of liaisons in the table above. Per the <a
href="/2005/10/Process-20051014/liaisons">W3C ProcessDocument</a>, all
liaisons, of any kind, must be coordinated by the Team due to requirements for
public communication, IPR or confidentiality policies. Mutual <a
href="/Member/">membership</a> agreements are also possible.</p>

<p>W3C may choose not to pursue a liaison with an organization that has
selective or arbitrary membership policies that serve only to benefit
pre-existing or dominant members.</p>

<p>To request any liaison, please send a brief email to the <a
href="#contact">liaison contact.</a></p>

<h3 id="simple">Simple liaisons</h3>

<p>In general, the goal of a simple liaison is for both parties to gain a
better understanding of their respective activities and look for opportunities
to work together. For example, W3C appreciates understanding how other
organizations use W3C technology, whether they require extensions, the proper
way to manage those extensions, how to bring extensions back into W3C, and so
on. Other organizations may find a simple liaison valuable for soliciting W3C
input on a Web-related question.</p>

<p>Most often, W3C establishes simple liaisons with non-profit organizations,
other standards bodies, or any other entity that may wish to build consensus
around an emerging Web technology. Simple liaisons are active as soon as both
partie agree to make the information public in this page. </p>

<h3 id="formal">Formal Agreements for Joint Work</h3>

<p>In some cases, W3C is asked to establish a formal liaison that has a
contractual framework, either because there are joint deliverables, or an
agreed share of technical responsibilities with coordination, with
considerations for confidentiality, shared press coverage, or IPR.</p>

<p>While W3C supports all liaisons with other groups, the organization and
development of these formal liaisons requires time and resources, and the
agreement of the W3C membership at large, so. W3C's decision to pursue a
liaison with a Partner is ultimately based on the perceived costs and benefits.
</p>

<p>For Formal Liaison Creation and Modification, please see the <a
href="http://www.w3.org/2003/06/Process-20030618/liaisons.html#LiaisonCreation">Process
Document</a>.</p>

<h2 id="dejure">W3C and De Jure Standards</h2>

<p>This section describes some of W3C's relationships with <em>de jure</em>
bodies such as ISO, in addition to the direct technical activity liaisons
mentioned above.</p>

<h3>W3C is an "ISO/IEC JTC 1 PAS" Submitter</h3>

<p>At the end of October 2010, W3C was approved as a JTC 1 Recognized PAS
Submitter for an overall scope defined as "any stable core Web technologies
produced by W3C that are also in scope of JTC 1". The PAS process is standard
transposition procedure whereby organizations accredited as valid PAS
Submitters can send their specifications directly for country voting, to become
ISO/IEC standards. See the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2010/04/pasfaq.html">W3C
PAS Submission FAQ</a>.</p>

<h3>W3C Approved RS Originator Organization (ARO) Status for ISO/JTC1</h3>

<p>In January 2007, W3C became an <a
href="http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2122/327993/755080/5860393/Approved_RS_Originator_Organizations_AROs_.html?nodeid=7500268&amp;vernum=0">Approved
RS Originator Organization (ARO) for ISO/JTC1</a>. This means that ISO/JTC1
standards may refer to W3C Recommendations "as-is." That process is described
in the <a
href="http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2122/327993/755080/1054033/2541871/JTC001-N-9871.pdf?nodeid=8499119&amp;vernum=0">Letter
Ballot on the JTC 1 Standing Document on Normative References</a></p>
<!-- 
<p>In July 2010, W3C submitted a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2010/03/w3c-pas-submission.html">ISO/IEC JTC 1 PAS Submitter Application</a>.</p>
-->

<p>For more information about W3C's ARO or PAS status, please contact Daniel
Dardailler &lt;danield@w3.org&gt;.</p>
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