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<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img src=
"http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" alt="W3C" height="48" width=
"72" /></a></p>
<h1><a name="title" id="title"></a>XQuery Update Facility 1.0</h1>
<h2><a name="w3c-doctype" id="w3c-doctype"></a>W3C Recommendation
17 March 2011</h2>
<dl>
<dt>This version:</dt>
<dd><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-xquery-update-10-20110317/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-xquery-update-10-20110317/</a></dd>
<dt>Latest version:</dt>
<dd><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10/</a></dd>
<dt>Previous version:</dt>
<dd><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/PR-xquery-update-10-20110125/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/PR-xquery-update-10-20110125/</a></dd>
<dt>Editors:</dt>
<!--xmlspec, match="author"-->
<dd>Jonathan Robie, Red Hat <a href=
"mailto:jonathan.robie@redhat.com">&lt;jonathan.robie@redhat.com&gt;</a></dd>
<!--xmlspec, match="author"-->
<dd>
<!--* This is xmlspec, match="phrase" - - show.diff.markup = 0--><span><a href="http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/people/chamberlin/">Don
Chamberlin</a></span>, IBM Almaden Research Center</dd>
<!--xmlspec, match="author"-->
<dd>Michael Dyck <a href=
"mailto:jmdyck@ibiblio.org">&lt;jmdyck@ibiblio.org&gt;</a></dd>
<!--xmlspec, match="author"-->
<dd>Daniela Florescu, Oracle <a href=
"mailto:dana.florescu@oracle.com">&lt;dana.florescu@oracle.com&gt;</a></dd>
<!--xmlspec, match="author"-->
<dd>Jim Melton, Oracle <a href=
"mailto:jim.melton@oracle.com">&lt;jim.melton@oracle.com&gt;</a></dd>
<!--xmlspec, match="author"-->
<dd>Jérôme Siméon, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center <a href=
"mailto:simeon@us.ibm.com">&lt;simeon@us.ibm.com&gt;</a></dd>
</dl>
<p>Please refer to the <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/XML/2012/qt-errata/xquery-update-10-errata.html">
<strong>errata</strong></a> for this document, which may include
some normative corrections.</p>
<p>See also <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2003/03/Translations/byTechnology?technology=xquery-update-10">
<strong>translations</strong></a>.</p>
<p>This document is also available in these non-normative formats:
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-xquery-update-10-20110317/xquery-update-10.xml">
XML</a> and&#160;<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-xquery-update-10-20110317/Overview-diff.html">Recent
revisions (HTML)</a>.</p>
<p class="copyright"><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>&#160;©&#160;2011&#160;<a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup>
(<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title=
"Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>, <a href=
"http://www.ercim.eu/"><acronym title=
"European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>,
<a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved.
W3C <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
and <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
use</a> rules apply.</p>
</div>
<hr />
<div>
<h2><a name="abstract" id="abstract"></a>Abstract</h2>
<p>This document defines an update facility that extends the XML
Query language, XQuery. The XQuery Update Facility provides
expressions that can be used to make persistent changes to
instances of the XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model.</p>
</div>
<div>
<h2><a name="status" id="status"></a>Status of this Document</h2>
<p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the
time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this
document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest
revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a> at
http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
<p>This is a <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2005/10/Process-20051014/tr.html#RecsW3C">Recommendation</a>
of the W3C. It was developed by the W3C <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/XML/Query/">XML Query Working Group</a>, which
is part of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/Activity">XML
Activity</a>.</p>
<p>This document incorporates minor changes made against the
Proposed Recommendation of 25 January 2011. Changes to this
document since the Proposed Recommendation are detailed in <a href=
"#id-revision-log"><b>[H Revision Log]</b></a>. A Java applet that
parses XQuery Update Facility 1.0 expressions is available at
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2010/02/qt-applets/xquery10-update/">http://www.w3.org/2010/02/qt-applets/xquery10-update/</a>.</p>
<p>A Test Suite has been created for this document. Implementors
are encouraged to run this test suite and report their results. The
Test Suite can be found at <a href=
"http://dev.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10-test-suite/">http://dev.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10-test-suite/</a>.
An implementation report is available at <a href=
"http://dev.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10-test-suite/results/">http://dev.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10-test-suite/results/</a>.</p>
<p>No substantive changes have been made to this specification
since its publication as a Proposed Recommendation.</p>
<p>Please report errors in this document using W3C's <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/">public Bugzilla system</a>
(instructions can be found at <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/XML/2005/04/qt-bugzilla">http://www.w3.org/XML/2005/04/qt-bugzilla</a>).
If access to that system is not feasible, you may send your
comments to the W3C XSLT/XPath/XQuery public comments mailing list,
<a href=
"mailto:public-qt-comments@w3.org">public-qt-comments@w3.org</a>.
It will be very helpful if you include the string “[UPD]” in the
subject line of your report, whether made in Bugzilla or in email.
Please use multiple Bugzilla entries (or, if necessary, multiple
email messages) if you have more than one comment to make. Archives
of the comments and responses are available at <a href=
"http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-qt-comments/">http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-qt-comments/</a>.</p>
<p>This document has been reviewed by W3C Members, by software
developers, and by other W3C groups and interested parties, and is
endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable
document and may be used as reference material or cited from
another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to
draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread
deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of
the Web.</p>
<p>This document was produced by a group operating under the
<a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5
February 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/18797/status#disclosures">public
list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the
deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for
disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a
patent which the individual believes contains <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">
Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance
with <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">
section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="toc">
<h2><a name="contents" id="contents"></a>Table of Contents</h2>
<p class="toc">1 <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;1.1 <a href=
"#id-terminology">Terminology</a><br />
2 <a href="#id-extensions">Extensions to XQuery 1.0</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.1 <a href=
"#id-processing-model">Extensions to the Processing Model</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.2 <a href=
"#id-prolog-extensions">Extensions to the Prolog</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.2.1 <a href=
"#id-revalidation-declaration">Revalidation Declaration</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.2.2 <a href=
"#id-variable-declaration">Variable Declaration</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.2.3 <a href=
"#id-function-declaration">Function Declaration</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.3 <a href=
"#id-static-context-extensions">Extensions to the Static
Context</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4 <a href="#id-new-expressions">New Kinds
of Expressions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.1 <a href=
"#id-insert">Insert</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.2 <a href=
"#id-delete">Delete</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.3 <a href=
"#id-replace">Replace</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.3.1
<a href="#id-replacing-node">Replacing a Node</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.3.2
<a href="#id-replacing-node-value">Replacing the Value of a
Node</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.4 <a href=
"#id-rename">Rename</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.5 <a href=
"#id-transform">Transform</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.4.6 <a href=
"#id-compatibility">Compatibility of Updating Expressions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5 <a href=
"#id-extensions-to-existing">Extensions to Existing
Expressions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.1 <a href=
"#id-flwor-expr">FLWOR Expression</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.2 <a href=
"#id-typeswitch-expr">Typeswitch Expression</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.3 <a href=
"#id-conditional-expr">Conditional Expression</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.4 <a href=
"#id-comma-expr">Comma Expression</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.5 <a href=
"#id-parenthesized-expr">Parenthesized Expression</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.6 <a href=
"#id-function-call">Function Call</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.5.7 <a href=
"#id-other-expr">Other Expressions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.6 <a href="#id-new-functions">Extensions
to Built-in Function Library</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2.6.1 <a href=
"#id-func-put">fn:put</a><br />
3 <a href="#id-update-operations">Update Operations</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1 <a href="#id-update-primitives">Update
Primitives</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.1 <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-before">upd:insertBefore</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.2 <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-after">upd:insertAfter</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.3 <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-into">upd:insertInto</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.4 <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-into-as-first">upd:insertIntoAsFirst</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.5 <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-into-as-last">upd:insertIntoAsLast</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.6 <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes">upd:insertAttributes</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.7 <a href=
"#id-upd-delete">upd:delete</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.8 <a href=
"#id-upd-replacenode">upd:replaceNode</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.9 <a href=
"#id-upd-replace-value">upd:replaceValue</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.10 <a href=
"#id-upd-replace-element-content">upd:replaceElementContent</a><br />

&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.11 <a href=
"#id-upd-rename">upd:rename</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.1.12 <a href=
"#id-upd-put">upd:put</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2 <a href="#id-update-routines">Update
Routines</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2.1 <a href=
"#id-upd-merge-updates">upd:mergeUpdates</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2.2 <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2.3 <a href=
"#id-upd-revalidate">upd:revalidate</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2.4 <a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2.5 <a href=
"#id-upd-set-to-untyped">upd:setToUntyped</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;3.2.6 <a href=
"#id-upd-propagate-namespace">upd:propagateNamespace</a><br />
4 <a href="#id-update-static">Static Typing Feature</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.1 <a href="#id-update-overview">Overview
and notations</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.2 <a href=
"#id-static-typing-changes">Change to Static Typing Rules of XQuery
1.0</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.3 <a href="#id-update-core">Core
Grammar</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.4 <a href="#id-update-norm-prolog">XQuery
Update Facility 1.0 Prolog</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5 <a href="#id-update-norm-expr">XQuery
Update Facility 1.0 Expressions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5.1 <a href=
"#id-update-typing-insert">Insert</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5.2 <a href=
"#id-update-typing-delete">Delete</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5.3 <a href=
"#id-update-typing-replace">Replace</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5.4 <a href=
"#id-update-typing-rename">Rename</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5.5 <a href=
"#id-update-typing-transform">Transform</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;4.5.6 <a href=
"#id-update-typing-examples">Examples</a><br />
5 <a href="#id-xquery-update-conformance">Conformance</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;5.1 <a href=
"#id-minimal-conformance">Minimal Conformance</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;5.2 <a href=
"#id-conform-optional-features">Optional Features</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;5.2.1 <a href=
"#id-update-facility-static-typing-feature">Update Facility Static
Typing Feature</a><br />
6 <a href="#id-xqueryx-update-conformance">XQueryX
Conformance</a><br /></p>
<h3><a name="appendices" id="appendices"></a>Appendices</h3>
<p class="toc">A <a href="#id-grammar">EBNF for XQuery 1.0 Grammar
with Update extensions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;A.1 <a href="#id-terminal-symbols">Terminal
Symbols</a><br />
B <a href="#id-impl-defs">Implementation-Defined Items</a><br />
C <a href="#References">References</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;C.1 <a href=
"#id-normative-references">Normative References</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;C.2 <a href=
"#id-non-normative-references">Non-normative References</a><br />
D <a href="#id-errors">Error Conditions</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;D.1 <a href="#id-new-error-codes">New Error
Codes</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;D.2 <a href=
"#id-amended-error-codes">Amendments to Existing Error
Codes</a><br />
E <a href="#id-xquf-xqueryx">XML Syntax (XQueryX) for XQuery Update
Facility 1.0</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;E.1 <a href=
"#id-xquf-update-schema">Schema</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;E.2 <a href=
"#id-xquf-update-stylesheet">Stylesheet</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;E.3 <a href=
"#id-xquf-update-examples">Example</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;E.3.1 <a href=
"#id-xquery-rep">XQuery Representation</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;E.3.2 <a href=
"#id-xqueryx-rep">XQueryX Representation</a><br />
&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;E.3.3 <a href=
"#id-transformed-rep">Transformed XQuery Representation</a><br />
F <a href="#id-glossary">Glossary</a> (Non-Normative)<br />
G <a href="#id-precedence-rationale">Rationale for Precedence of
Update Primitives</a> (Non-Normative)<br />
H <a href="#id-revision-log">Revision Log</a>
(Non-Normative)<br /></p>
</div>
<hr />
<div class="body">
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="introduction" id="introduction"></a>1
Introduction</h2>
<p>This document defines the syntax and semantics of an extension
to <a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a> called the XQuery Update
Facility 1.0. This language extension is designed to meet the
requirements for updating instances of the <a href=
"#xpath-datamodel">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model]</a>, as
defined in <a href="#xquery-update-10-requirements">[XQuery Update
Facility 1.0 Requirements]</a>.</p>
<p>The XQuery Update Facility 1.0 provides facilities to perform
any or all of the following operations on an <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Insertion of a node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Deletion of a node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Modification of a node by changing some of its properties while
preserving its <a title="node identity" href=
"#dt-node-identity">node identity</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Creation of a modified copy of a node with a new <a title=
"node identity" href="#dt-node-identity">node identity</a>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Additionally, this document defines an XML syntax for the XQuery
Update Facility 1.0. The most recent versions of the two XQueryX
XML Schemas and the XQueryX XSLT stylesheet for the XQuery Update
Facility 1.0 are available at <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx.xsd">
http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx.xsd</a>,
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx-redef.xsd">
http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx-redef.xsd</a>,
and <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx.xsl">
http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx.xsl</a>,
respectively.</p>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-terminology" id="id-terminology"></a>1.1
Terminology</h3>
<p>[<a name="dt-xquery" id="dt-xquery" title=
"XQuery">Definition</a>: Within this document, the term
<b>XQuery</b> refers to the language specified by <a href=
"#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>.] [<a name="dt-data-model" id=
"dt-data-model" title="data model">Definition</a>: The term <b>data
model</b> refers to the data model specified by <a href=
"#xpath-datamodel">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model]</a>.]
[<a name="dt-xdm-instance" id="dt-xdm-instance" title=
"XDM instance">Definition</a>: The term <b>XDM instance</b> denotes
an unconstrained sequence of zero or more nodes and/or atomic
values as defined by the <a title="data model" href=
"#dt-data-model">data model</a>.] [<a name="dt-node-identity" id=
"dt-node-identity" title="node identity">Definition</a>: The term
<b>node identity</b> denotes the unique identity that is a property
of every node in an <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> (see <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/#node-identity">Section 2.3
Node Identity</a><sup><small>DM</small></sup>.)]</p>
<p>As described in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/#qnames-and-notations">Section
3.3.3 QNames and NOTATIONS</a><sup><small>DM</small></sup>, names
in XQuery are qualified names (QNames) that consist of an optional
namespace prefix, a local name, and an optional namespace URI.
[<a name="dt-implied-namespace-binding" id=
"dt-implied-namespace-binding" title=
"implied namespace binding">Definition</a>: The <b>implied
namespace binding</b> of a QName is the association of its
namespace prefix (or absence thereof) with its namespace URI (or
absence thereof).] [<a name="dt-conflict" id="dt-conflict" title=
"conflict">Definition</a>: Two namespace bindings are said to
<b>conflict</b> if their namespace prefixes (or absence thereof)
are the same but their namespace URI's (or absence thereof) are
different.] Update operations that result in conflicting namespace
bindings generally raise errors, as described in this document.
However, if the namespace prefix of an attribute is absent, it is
in no namespace, and its implied namespace binding is not added to
the namespace bindings of its parent element. Therefore, an update
operation can create such an attribute in an element even though
its implied namespace binding conflicts with a namespace binding in
the "namespaces" property of the element.</p>
<p>In this document, examples and material labeled as "Note" are
provided for explanatory purposes and are not normative.</p>
<p>Some of the examples in this document will be rejected by an
implementation that supports the <a href="#id-update-static"><b>[4
Static Typing Feature]</b></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-extensions" id="id-extensions"></a>2 Extensions to
XQuery 1.0</h2>
<p>The basic building block of XQuery is the expression. XQuery 1.0
provides several kinds of expressions that can be composed with
each other in arbitrary ways. An XQuery 1.0 expression takes zero
or more <a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM
instances</a> as input and returns an <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> as a result. In XQuery 1.0, an
expression never modifies the state of an existing node; however,
constructor expressions create new nodes with new <a title=
"node identity" href="#dt-node-identity">node identities</a>.</p>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 introduces a new category of
expression called an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, which can
potentially modify the state of an existing node.</p>
<p>The extensions to XQuery 1.0 provided by XQuery Update Facility
1.0 may be characterized as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 introduces five new kinds of
expressions, called insert, delete, replace, rename, and transform
expressions, and specifies the syntax and semantics of each new
kind of expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 classifies XQuery expressions into
the following categories:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>[<a name="dt-basic-updating-expression" id=
"dt-basic-updating-expression" title=
"basic updating expression">Definition</a>: A <b>basic updating
expression</b> is an insert, delete, replace, or rename expression,
or a call to an <a title="updating function" href=
"#dt-updating-function">updating function</a>.]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>[<a name="dt-updating-expression" id="dt-updating-expression"
title="updating expression">Definition</a>: An <b>updating
expression</b> is a <a title="basic updating expression" href=
"#dt-basic-updating-expression">basic updating expression</a> or
any expression (other than a transform expression) that directly
contains an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.]</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>The definition of an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a> is recursive.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>[<a name="dt-simple-expression" id="dt-simple-expression" title=
"simple expression">Definition</a>: A <b>simple expression</b> is
any XQuery expression that is not an <a title="updating expression"
href="#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>[<a name="dt-vacuous-expression" id="dt-vacuous-expression"
title="vacuous expression">Definition</a>: Certain expressions are
defined in this specification to be <b>vacuous expressions</b>.
These all have the characteristic that they can be determined
statically to either return an empty sequence or raise an
error.]</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>Every vacuous expression is identified explicitly in this
specification. Some expressions can be determined to either return
an empty sequence or raise an error, but are nevertheless not
defined to be vacuous. For convenience, here is a list of the
vacuous expressions:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A call to the built-in function <code>fn:error</code> is a
vacuous expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>An empty parenthesized expression ( ) is a vacuous
expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A non-empty parenthesized expression is a vacuous expression if
the expression it contains is a vacuous expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If all branches are vacuous expressions, the typeswitch
expression is a vacuous expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If both branches are vacuous expressions, the conditional
expression is a vacuous expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If all operands are vacuous expressions, the comma expression is
a vacuous expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the return clause of a FLWOR Expression is vacuous, the FLWOR
expression is a vacuous expression.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 defines the places in which each type
of expression can be used. In so doing, it makes small extensions
to the syntax and semantics of certain existing expressions.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The classification of each expression into one of the above
categories is performed by static analysis, according to rules
specified in this document for each type of expression.</p>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-processing-model" id="id-processing-model"></a>2.1
Extensions to the Processing Model</h3>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 defines the following extensions to
the XQuery processing model:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>In XQuery 1.0, the result of each expression is an <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>. XQuery
Update Facility 1.0 extends the XQuery processing model so that the
result of an expression consists of both an <a title="XDM instance"
href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and a <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> (either or both of which may be empty). [<a name=
"dt-pending-update-list" id="dt-pending-update-list" title=
"pending update list">Definition</a>: A <b>pending update list</b>
is an unordered collection of <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>, which represent node
state changes that have not yet been applied.] The term "result"
used in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-errors-and-opt">Section 2.3.4
Errors and Optimization</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup> includes
both the <a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM
instance</a> and the <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> returned by an
expression.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>In XQuery Update Facility 1.0, no expression returns both a
non-empty <a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM
instance</a> and a non-empty <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a>.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 also defines a set of <a title=
"update operation" href="#dt-update-operation">update
operations</a>. [<a name="dt-update-operation" id=
"dt-update-operation" title="update operation">Definition</a>:
<b>Update operations</b> are used in defining the semantics of
XQuery updates, but are not directly available to users. Update
operations are defined in <a href="#id-update-operations"><b>[3
Update Operations]</b></a>.] Update operations fall into the
following categories:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>[<a name="dt-update-primitive" id="dt-update-primitive" title=
"update primitive">Definition</a>: <b>Update primitives</b> are the
components of <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a>. Each <b>update
primitive</b> represents a node state change that has not yet been
applied.] [<a name="dt-target-node" id="dt-target-node" title=
"target node">Definition</a>: The first argument of an update
primitive, called its <b>target node</b>, is the principal node to
be affected by the update primitive.] Update primitives are held on
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a> until they are
made effective by a <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a> operation.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>[<a name="dt-update-routine" id="dt-update-routine" title=
"update routine">Definition</a>: <b>Update routines</b> are
sequences of actions that are used in the definition of XQuery
semantics but do not appear on <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a>.] <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a> is an example of an
update routine.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the outermost expression in a query returns a <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a>, <a href="#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a> is
implicitly invoked to apply the pending updates to the <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>. This
invocation of <a href="#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a>
may raise an error (see <a href="#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2
upd:applyUpdates]</b></a> for possible error codes.)</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>[<a name="dt-snapshot" id="dt-snapshot" title=
"snapshot">Definition</a>: A <b>snapshot</b> is a scope within
which expressions are evaluated with respect to a fixed <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and updates
are held pending.] A snapshot is terminated by invocation of the
<a href="#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a> operation.
XQuery Update Facility 1.0 defines an entire query as one
snapshot.</p>
<p>This specification defines the semantics of updates to an
<a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>.
Propagation of these updates to an underlying persistent store (if
any) is beyond the scope of this specification.</p>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-prolog-extensions" id=
"id-prolog-extensions"></a>2.2 Extensions to the Prolog</h3>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-revalidation-declaration" id=
"id-revalidation-declaration"></a>2.2.1 Revalidation
Declaration</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e585" id="d7e585"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-Setter" id=
"doc-xquery-Setter"></a>[<small>7</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Setter"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-Setter">Setter</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-BoundarySpaceDecl">BoundarySpaceDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DefaultCollationDecl">DefaultCollationDecl</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-BaseURIDecl">BaseURIDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ConstructionDecl">ConstructionDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OrderingModeDecl">OrderingModeDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-EmptyOrderDecl">EmptyOrderDecl</a> | <a href=
"#doc-xquery-RevalidationDecl">RevalidationDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CopyNamespacesDecl">CopyNamespacesDecl</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-RevalidationDecl" id=
"doc-xquery-RevalidationDecl"></a>[<small>141</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-RevalidationDecl"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-RevalidationDecl">RevalidationDecl</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "revalidation" ("strict" | "lax" |
"skip")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The Prolog is extended by adding a new kind of <a href=
"#doc-xquery-Setter">Setter</a> called a revalidation declaration.
[<a name="dt-revalidation-decl" id="dt-revalidation-decl" title=
"revalidation declaration">Definition</a>: A <b>revalidation
declaration</b> sets the <a title="revalidation mode" href=
"#dt-revalidation-mode">revalidation mode</a> in the static
context, overriding any implementation-defined default.] If a
Prolog contains more than one revalidation declaration, a static
error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0003" title=
"err:XUST0003">err:XUST0003</a>]. <a title="revalidation mode"
href="#dt-revalidation-mode">Revalidation mode</a> controls the
process by which type information is recovered for an updated
document, as described in <a href="#id-upd-revalidate"><b>[3.2.3
upd:revalidate]</b></a></p>
<p>Support for each of the three revalidation modes is
implementation-defined; however, an implementation must support at
least one of the three revalidation modes. If a revalidation
declaration specifies a revalidation mode that is not supported by
the current implementation, a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0026" title="err:XUST0026">err:XUST0026</a>].</p>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-variable-declaration" id=
"id-variable-declaration"></a>2.2.2 Variable Declaration</h4>
<p>The following rule is added: If the expression on the
right-hand-side of a variable declaration (the initializing
expression) is not a <a title="simple expression" href=
"#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>, a static error is
raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-function-declaration" id=
"id-function-declaration"></a>2.2.3 Function Declaration</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e657" id="d7e657"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-FunctionDecl" id=
"doc-xquery-FunctionDecl"></a>[<small>26</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-FunctionDecl"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-FunctionDecl">FunctionDecl</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "updating"? "function" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> "(" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ParamList">ParamList</a>? ")" ("as" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SequenceType">SequenceType</a>)? (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-EnclosedExpr">EnclosedExpr</a> |
"external")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The syntax of a function declaration is extended with an
optional keyword: <code>updating</code>. [<a name=
"dt-updating-function" id="dt-updating-function" title=
"updating function">Definition</a>: Functions whose declarations
contain the keyword <code>updating</code>, and certain built-in
functions including <code>fn:put</code>, are called <b>updating
functions</b>.] The semantics of a function declaration, described
in Section 4.15 of <a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>, are extended
as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>updating</code> is not specified:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If <code>external</code> is not specified, the EnclosedExpr in
the function declaration must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>external</code> is specified, the external function
must not return a non-empty <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a>; otherwise a
dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUDY0018" title=
"err:XUDY0018">err:XUDY0018</a>].</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>updating</code> is specified:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>A return type must not be specified [<a href="#ERRXUST0028"
title="err:XUST0028">err:XUST0028</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>external</code> is not specified, the EnclosedExpr in
the function declaration must be an <a title="updating expression"
href="#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a> or a
<a title="vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expression</a>; otherwise a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0002" title="err:XUST0002">err:XUST0002</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>external</code> is specified, the external function may
return a non-empty <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> but it must not
return a non-empty <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>; otherwise a dynamic error is
raised [<a href="#ERRXUDY0019" title=
"err:XUDY0019">err:XUDY0019</a>].</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The means by which an external function returns an <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> or a
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> is
implementation-defined.</p>
<p>The following example illustrates a declaration of an updating
function.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>This function takes an element, a QName, and an atomic value. If
the given element has an attribute with the given QName, the
function updates the attribute with the given value; otherwise it
inserts a new attribute with the given name and value.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
declare updating function 
   upsert($e as element(), 
          $an as xs:QName, 
          $av as xs:anyAtomicType) 
   {
   let $ea := $e/attribute()[fn:node-name(.) = $an]
   return
      if (fn:empty($ea))
      then insert node attribute {$an} {$av} into $e
      else replace value of node $ea with $av
   }
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-static-context-extensions" id=
"id-static-context-extensions"></a>2.3 Extensions to the Static
Context</h3>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The following definition is added to the XQuery static context
(documented in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#static_context">Section 2.1.1 Static
Context</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>):</p>
<p>[<a name="dt-revalidation-mode" id="dt-revalidation-mode" title=
"revalidation mode">Definition</a>: <b>Revalidation mode</b>, which
may be <code>strict</code>, <code>lax</code>, or <code>skip</code>,
is a component of the static context that controls the behavior of
the <code><a href="#id-upd-revalidate">upd:revalidate</a></code>
operation.]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The following entry is added to the table of static context
components (documented in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-xq-static-context-components">Section
C.1 Static Context Components</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>):</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Component: Revalidation mode</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Default initial value: <code>lax</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Can be overwritten by an implementation: Yes (implementation
defined.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Can be overwritten by a query: Yes, overwritable by declaration
in query prolog.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Scope: Module.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Consistency rules: Must be <code>strict</code>,
<code>lax</code>, or <code>skip</code>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-new-expressions" id="id-new-expressions"></a>2.4
New Kinds of Expressions</h3>
<h5><a name="d7e847" id="d7e847"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-ExprSingle" id=
"doc-xquery-ExprSingle"></a>[<small>32</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-FLWORExpr">FLWORExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-QuantifiedExpr">QuantifiedExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-TypeswitchExpr">TypeswitchExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-IfExpr">IfExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-xquery-InsertExpr">InsertExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-xquery-DeleteExpr">DeleteExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-xquery-RenameExpr">RenameExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-xquery-ReplaceExpr">ReplaceExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-xquery-TransformExpr">TransformExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-OrExpr">OrExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 extends the syntax of <a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> by adding five new kinds of
expressions, called insert, delete, replace, rename, and transform
expressions. The syntax and semantics of these expressions are
described in the following sections.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>In general, <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expressions</a> cause a loss of
type information from nodes that are affected by the update. Type
information for these nodes may be recovered by a revalidation
process at the end of the <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>. For more details on type loss and
recovery, see the <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a> associated with each
updating expression; see also <a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type"><b>[3.2.4 upd:removeType]</b></a> and
<a href="#id-upd-revalidate"><b>[3.2.3 upd:revalidate]</b></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-insert" id="id-insert"></a>2.4.1 Insert</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e917" id="d7e917"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-InsertExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-InsertExpr"></a>[<small>143</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-InsertExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-InsertExpr">InsertExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"insert" ("node" | "nodes") <a href=
"#doc-xquery-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a> <a href=
"#doc-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice">InsertExprTargetChoice</a>
<a href="#doc-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice" id=
"doc-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice"></a>[<small>142</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice"></a><a href="#prod-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice">InsertExprTargetChoice</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(("as" ("first" | "last"))? "into")<br />
| "after"<br />
| "before"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-SourceExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-SourceExpr"></a>[<small>147</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-SourceExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-TargetExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-TargetExpr"></a>[<small>148</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-TargetExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>An insert expression is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a> that inserts
copies of zero or more nodes into a designated position with
respect to a target node. The keywords <code>node</code> and
<code>nodes</code> may be used interchangeably, regardless of how
many nodes are actually inserted. The position of the inserted
nodes is determined as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>If <code>before</code> (or <code>after</code>) is specified:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The inserted nodes become the preceding (or following) siblings
of the target node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple nodes are inserted by a single insert expression,
the nodes remain adjacent and their order preserves the node
ordering of the source expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple groups of nodes are inserted by multiple insert
expressions in the same <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, adjacency and ordering of nodes within
each group is preserved but ordering among the groups is
implementation-dependent.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>as first into</code> (or <code>as last into</code>) is
specified:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The inserted nodes become the first (or last) children of the
target node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple nodes are inserted by a single insert expression,
the nodes remain adjacent and their order preserves the node
ordering of the source expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple groups of nodes are inserted by multiple insert
expressions in the same <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, adjacency and ordering of nodes within
each group is preserved but ordering among the groups is
implementation-dependent.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>into</code> is specified without <code>as first</code>
or <code>as last</code>:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The inserted nodes become children of the target node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple nodes are inserted by a single insert expression,
their order preserves the node ordering of the source
expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The positions of the inserted nodes are chosen so as not to
interfere with the intended position of nodes that are inserted
with the specification <code>before</code>, <code>after</code>,
<code>as first into</code>, or <code>as last into</code>. For
example, If node B is inserted "after node A", no other node will
be inserted between nodes A and B unless it is also inserted "after
node A".</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Subject to the above constraints, the positions of the inserted
nodes among the children of the target node are
implementation-dependent.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Insert a <code>year</code> element after the publisher of the
first book.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
insert node &lt;year&gt;2005&lt;/year&gt;
    after fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/publisher
</pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Navigating by means of several bound variables, insert a new
police report into the list of police reports for a particular
accident.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
insert node $new-police-report
   as last into fn:doc("insurance.xml")/policies
      /policy[id = $pid]
      /driver[license = $license]
      /accident[date = $accdate]
      /police-reports
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The semantics of an insert expression are as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p><a href="#doc-xquery-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a> must be a
<a title="simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>; otherwise a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0001" title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. <a href=
"#doc-xquery-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a> is evaluated as though it
were an enclosed expression in an element constructor (see Rule 1e
in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-content">Section
3.7.1.3 Content</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>). The result of
this step is either an error or a sequence of nodes to be inserted,
called the <b>insertion sequence</b>. If the insertion sequence
contains a document node, the document node is replaced in the
insertion sequence by its children. If the insertion sequence
contains an attribute node following a node that is not an
attribute node, a type error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUTY0004"
title="err:XUTY0004">err:XUTY0004</a>]. Let <code>$alist</code> be
the sequence of attribute nodes in the insertion sequence. Let
<code>$clist</code> be the remainder of the insertion sequence, in
its original order.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>Either <code>$alist</code> or <code>$clist</code> or both may be
empty.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>The target expression must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. The target expression is
evaluated and checked as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If the result is an empty sequence, [<a href="#ERRXUDY0027"
title="err:XUDY0027">err:XUDY0027</a>] is raised.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If any form of <code>into</code> is specified, the result must
be a single element or document node; any other non-empty result
raises a type error [<a href="#ERRXUTY0005" title=
"err:XUTY0005">err:XUTY0005</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>before</code> or <code>after</code> is specified, the
result must be a single element, text, comment, or processing
instruction node; any other non-empty result raises a type error
[<a href="#ERRXUTY0006" title="err:XUTY0006">err:XUTY0006</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>before</code> or <code>after</code> is specified, the
node returned by the target expression must have a non-empty
<code>parent</code> property [<a href="#ERRXUDY0029" title=
"err:XUDY0029">err:XUDY0029</a>].</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Let <code>$target</code> be the node returned by the target
expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty and any form of
<code>into</code> is specified, the following checks are
performed:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element node [<a href=
"#ERRXUTY0022" title="err:XUTY0022">err:XUTY0022</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>No attribute node in <code>$alist</code> may have a QName whose
<a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a>
<a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflicts</a> with a
namespace binding in the "namespaces" property of
<code>$target</code> [<a href="#ERRXUDY0023" title=
"err:XUDY0023">err:XUDY0023</a>], unless the namespace prefix for
the attribute is absent.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Multiple attribute nodes in <code>$alist</code> must not have
QNames whose <a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace bindings</a>
<a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflict</a> with each
other [<a href="#ERRXUDY0024" title=
"err:XUDY0024">err:XUDY0024</a>].</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty and <code>before</code> or
<code>after</code> is specified, the following checks are
performed:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>parent($target)</code> must be an element node [<a href=
"#ERRXUDY0030" title="err:XUDY0030">err:XUDY0030</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>No attribute node in <code>$alist</code> may have a QName whose
<a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a>
<a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflicts</a> with a
namespace binding in the "namespaces" property of
<code>parent($target)</code> [<a href="#ERRXUDY0023" title=
"err:XUDY0023">err:XUDY0023</a>] unless the namespace prefix for
the attribute is absent.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Multiple attribute nodes in <code>$alist</code> must not have
QNames whose <a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace bindings</a>
<a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflict</a> with each
other [<a href="#ERRXUDY0024" title=
"err:XUDY0024">err:XUDY0024</a>].</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The result of the insert expression is an empty <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and a
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> constructed as
follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If <code>as first into</code> is specified, the <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> consists of the following <a title="update primitive"
href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes">upd:insertAttributes</a>($target,
$alist)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$clist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-into-as-first">upd:insertIntoAsFirst</a>($target,
$clist)</code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>as last into</code> is specified, the <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> consists of the following <a title="update primitive"
href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes">upd:insertAttributes</a>($target,
$alist)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$clist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-into-as-last">upd:insertIntoAsLast($target,
$clist)</a></code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>into</code> is specified with neither <code>as
first</code> nor <code>as last</code>, the <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> consists of the following <a title="update primitive"
href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes">upd:insertAttributes</a>($target,
$alist)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$clist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-into">upd:insertInto</a>($target,
$clist)</code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>before</code> is specified, let <code>$parent</code> be
the parent node of <code>$target</code>. The <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> consists of the following <a title="update primitive"
href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes">upd:insertAttributes</a>($parent,
$alist)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$clist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-before">upd:insertBefore($target,
$clist)</a></code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>after</code> is specified, let <code>$parent</code> be
the parent node of <code>$target</code>. The <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> consists of the following <a title="update primitive"
href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p>If <code>$alist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes">upd:insertAttributes</a>($parent,
$alist)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$clist</code> is not empty, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-insert-after">upd:insertAfter</a>($target,
$clist)</code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-delete" id="id-delete"></a>2.4.2 Delete</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e1447" id="d7e1447"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-DeleteExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-DeleteExpr"></a>[<small>144</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-DeleteExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-DeleteExpr">DeleteExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"delete" ("node" | "nodes") <a href=
"#doc-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="noid_d4e1339.doc-xquery-_no-id" id=
"noid_d4e1339.doc-xquery-_no-id"></a>[<small>148</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TargetExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>A delete expression deletes zero or more nodes from an <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>. The
keywords <code>node</code> and <code>nodes</code> may be used
interchangeably, regardless of how many nodes are actually deleted.
A delete expression is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Delete the last author of the first book in a given
bibliography.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
delete node fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/author[last()]
</pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Delete all email messages that are more than 365 days old.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
delete nodes /email/message
     [fn:currentDate() - date &gt; xs:dayTimeDuration("P365D")]
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The semantics of a delete expression are as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The target expression must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. The target expression is
evaluated. The result must be a sequence of zero or more nodes;
otherwise a type error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUTY0007" title=
"err:XUTY0007">err:XUTY0007</a>]. Let <code>$tlist</code> be the
list of nodes returned by the target expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If any node in <code>$tlist</code> has no parent, it is removed
from <code>$tlist</code> (and is thus ignored in the following
step).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A new <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> is created. For
each node <code>$tnode</code> in <code>$tlist</code>, the following
<a title="update primitive" href="#dt-update-primitive">update
primitive</a> is appended to the pending update list:
<code>upd:delete($tnode)</code>. The resulting pending update list
(together with an empty <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>) is the result of the delete
expression.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Notes:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Since node deletions do not become effective until the end of a
<a title="snapshot" href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, they have no
effect on variable bindings or on the set of available documents or
collections within the current query.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The semantics of a delete expression are defined in terms of
their effect on an <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>: the deleted nodes are detached
from their parents after completion of the current query. The
effects of a delete expression on persistent storage are beyond the
scope of this specification.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-replace" id="id-replace"></a>2.4.3 Replace</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e1553" id="d7e1553"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-ReplaceExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-ReplaceExpr"></a>[<small>145</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ReplaceExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-ReplaceExpr">ReplaceExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"replace" ("value" "of")? "node" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a> "with" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="noid_d4e1449.doc-xquery-_no-id" id=
"noid_d4e1449.doc-xquery-_no-id"></a>[<small>148</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TargetExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>A replace expression is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>. A replace
expression has two forms, depending on whether <code>value
of</code> is specified.</p>
<div class="div4">
<h5><a name="id-replacing-node" id="id-replacing-node"></a>2.4.3.1
Replacing a Node</h5>
<p>If <code>value of</code> is not specified, a replace expression
replaces one node with a new sequence of zero or more nodes. The
replacement nodes occupy the position in the node hierarchy that
was formerly occupied by the node that was replaced. For this
reason, an attribute node can be replaced only by zero or more
attribute nodes, and an element, text, comment, or processing
instruction node can be replaced only by zero or more element,
text, comment, or processing instruction nodes. Example:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Replace the publisher of the first book with the publisher of
the second book.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
replace node fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/publisher
with fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[2]/publisher
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The semantics of this form of replace expression are as
follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The expression following the keyword <code>with</code> must be a
<a title="simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>; otherwise a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0001" title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. This
expression is evaluated as though it were an enclosed expression in
an element constructor (see Rule 1e in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-content">Section 3.7.1.3
Content</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>). Let <code>$rlist</code>
be the node sequence that results from this evaluation. If
<code>$rlist</code> contains a document node, the document node is
replaced in <code>$rlist</code> by its children.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The target expression must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. The target expression is
evaluated and checked as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If the result is an empty sequence, [<a href="#ERRXUDY0027"
title="err:XUDY0027">err:XUDY0027</a>] is raised.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the result is non-empty and does not consist of a single
element, attribute, text, comment, or processing instruction node,
[<a href="#ERRXUTY0008" title="err:XUTY0008">err:XUTY0008</a>] is
raised.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the result consists of a node whose parent property is empty,
[<a href="#ERRXUDY0009" title="err:XUDY0009">err:XUDY0009</a>] is
raised.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Let <code>$target</code> be the node returned by the target
expression, and let <code>$parent</code> be its parent node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an element, text, comment, or
processing instruction node, then <code>$rlist</code> must consist
exclusively of zero or more element, text, comment, or processing
instruction nodes [<a href="#ERRXUTY0010" title=
"err:XUTY0010">err:XUTY0010</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node, then:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>$rlist</code> must consist exclusively of zero or more
attribute nodes [<a href="#ERRXUTY0011" title=
"err:XUTY0011">err:XUTY0011</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>No attribute node in <code>$rlist</code> may have a QName whose
<a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a>
<a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflicts</a> with a
namespace binding in the "namespaces" property of
<code>$parent</code> [<a href="#ERRXUDY0023" title=
"err:XUDY0023">err:XUDY0023</a>] unless the namespace prefix for
the attribute is absent.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Multiple attribute nodes in <code>$rlist</code> must not have
QNames whose <a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace bindings</a>
<a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflict</a> with each
other [<a href="#ERRXUDY0024" title=
"err:XUDY0024">err:XUDY0024</a>].</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The result of the replace expression is an empty <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and a
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> consisting of the
following <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitive</a>: <code><a href=
"#id-upd-replacenode">upd:replaceNode</a>($target,
$rlist)</code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div4">
<h5><a name="id-replacing-node-value" id=
"id-replacing-node-value"></a>2.4.3.2 Replacing the Value of a
Node</h5>
<p>If <code>value of</code> is specified, a replace expression is
used to modify the value of a node while preserving its <a title=
"node identity" href="#dt-node-identity">node identity</a>.
Example:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Increase the price of the first book by ten percent.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
replace value of node fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/price
with fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/price * 1.1
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The semantics of this form of replace expression are as
follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The expression following the keyword <code>with</code> must be a
<a title="simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>; otherwise a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0001" title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. This
expression is evaluated as though it were the content expression of
a text node constructor (see Section 3.7.3.4 of <a href=
"#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>.) The result of this step, in the
absence of errors, is either a single text node or an empty
sequence. Let <code>$text</code> be the result of this step.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The target expression must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. The target expression is
evaluated and checked as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If the result is an empty sequence, [<a href="#ERRXUDY0027"
title="err:XUDY0027">err:XUDY0027</a>] is raised.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the result is non-empty and does not consist of a single
element, attribute, text, comment, or processing instruction node,
[<a href="#ERRXUTY0008" title="err:XUTY0008">err:XUTY0008</a>] is
raised.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Let <code>$target</code> be the node returned by the target
expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an element node, the result of the
replace expression is an empty <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and a <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> consisting of the following <a title="update primitive"
href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitive</a>: <code><a href=
"#id-upd-replace-element-content">upd:replaceElementContent</a>($target,
$text)</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute, text, comment, or
processing instruction node, let <code>$string</code> be the string
value of the text node constructed in Step 1. If Step 1 did not
construct a text node, let <code>$string</code> be a zero-length
string. Then:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a comment node, and
<code>$string</code> contains two adjacent hyphens or ends with a
hyphen, a dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRXQDY0072" title=
"err:XQDY0072">err:XQDY0072</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a processing instruction node, and
<code>$string</code> contains the substring "<code>?&gt;</code>", a
dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRXQDY0026" title=
"err:XQDY0026">err:XQDY0026</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In the absence of errors, the result of a replace expression is
an empty <a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM
instance</a> and a <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> containing the
following <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitive</a>: <code><a href=
"#id-upd-replace-value">upd:replaceValue</a>($target,
$string)</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-rename" id="id-rename"></a>2.4.4 Rename</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e1861" id="d7e1861"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-RenameExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-RenameExpr"></a>[<small>146</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-RenameExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-RenameExpr">RenameExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"rename" "node" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a> "as" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="noid_d4e1743.doc-xquery-_no-id" id=
"noid_d4e1743.doc-xquery-_no-id"></a>[<small>148</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TargetExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-NewNameExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-NewNameExpr"></a>[<small>149</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-NewNameExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>A rename expression replaces the <code>name</code> property of a
<a title="data model" href="#dt-data-model">data model</a> node
with a new QName. A rename expression is an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Rename the first <code>author</code> element of the first book
to <code>principal-author</code>.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
rename node fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/author[1]
as "principal-author"
</pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Rename the first <code>author</code> element of the first book
to the QName that is the value of the variable
<code>$newname</code>.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
rename node fn:doc("bib.xml")/books/book[1]/author[1]
as $newname
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The semantics of a rename expression are as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The target expression must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. The target expression is
evaluated and checked as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If the result is an empty sequence, [<a href="#ERRXUDY0027"
title="err:XUDY0027">err:XUDY0027</a>] is raised.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the result is non-empty and does not consist of a single
element, attribute, or processing instruction node, [<a href=
"#ERRXUTY0012" title="err:XUTY0012">err:XUTY0012</a>] is
raised.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Let <code>$target</code> be the node returned by the target
expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a> must be a
<a title="simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>; otherwise a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0001" title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. <a href=
"#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a> is processed as
follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an element node, let
<code>$QName</code> be the result of evaluating <a href=
"#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a> as though it were the
name expression of a computed element constructor (see <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-computedElements">Section 3.7.3.1
Computed Element Constructors</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>). If
the namespace binding of <code>$QName</code> conflicts with any
namespace binding in the <code>namespaces</code> property of
<code>$target</code>, a dynamic error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUDY0023" title="err:XUDY0023">err:XUDY0023</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node, let
<code>$QName</code> be the result of evaluating <a href=
"#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a> as though it were the
name expression of a computed attribute constructor (see <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-computedAttributes">Section
3.7.3.2 Computed Attribute
Constructors</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>). If
<code>$QName</code> has a non-absent namespace URI, and if the
namespace binding of <code>$QName</code> conflicts with any
namespace binding in the <code>namespaces</code> property of the
parent (if any) of <code>$target</code>, a dynamic error is raised
[<a href="#ERRXUDY0023" title="err:XUDY0023">err:XUDY0023</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a processing instruction node, let
<code>$NCName</code> be the result of evaluating <a href=
"#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a> as though it were the
name expression of a computed processing instruction constructor
(see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-computed-pis">Section
3.7.3.5 Computed Processing Instruction
Constructors</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>), and let
<code>$QName</code> be defined as <code>fn:QName((),
$NCName)</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The result of the rename expression is an empty <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and a
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> containing the
following <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitive</a>: <code><a href=
"#id-upd-rename">upd:rename</a>($target, $QName)</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>The effects of a rename expression are limited to its target
node. Attributes and descendants of the target node are not
affected. If a global change of names or namespaces is intended,
some form of explicit iteration must be used. The following example
illustrates such a global change. The example operates on the node
bound to variable <code>$root</code> and all its attributes and
descendants, changing all QNames with the prefix <code>abc</code>
to have a new prefix <code>xyz</code> and a new namespace URI
<code>http://xyz/ns</code>.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
for $node in $root//abc:*
let $localName := fn:local-name($node),
    $newQName := fn:concat("xyz:", $localName)
return (
   rename node $node as fn:QName("http://xyz/ns", $newQName),
   for $attr in $node/@abc:*
   let $attrLocalName := fn:local-name($attr),
       $attrNewQName := fn:concat("xyz:", $attrLocalName)
   return
      rename node $attr as fn:QName("http://xyz/ns", $attrNewQName)
)
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-transform" id="id-transform"></a>2.4.5
Transform</h4>
<h5><a name="d7e2075" id="d7e2075"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-xquery-TransformExpr" id=
"doc-xquery-TransformExpr"></a>[<small>150</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-TransformExpr"></a><a href=
"#prod-xquery-TransformExpr">TransformExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"copy" "$" <a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a>
":=" <a href="#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," "$"
<a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a> ":=" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)* "modify" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> "return" <a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>A transform expression can be used to create modified copies of
existing nodes in an <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>. Each node created by a
transform expression has a new <a title="node identity" href=
"#dt-node-identity">node identity</a>. The result of a transform
expression is an <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> that may include both nodes
that were created by the transform expression and other, previously
existing nodes. A transform expression is a <a title=
"simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a> because it does not modify the value of any existing
nodes.</p>
<p>Examples:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Return a sequence consisting of all <code>employee</code>
elements that have Java as a skill, excluding their
<code>salary</code> child-elements:</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
for $e in //employee[skill = "Java"]
return 
   copy $je := $e
   modify delete node $je/salary
   return $je
</pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>The following example copies a node, modifies the copy, and
returns both the original node and the modified copy:</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
let $oldx := /a/b/x
return
   copy $newx := $oldx
   modify (rename node $newx as "newx", 
           replace value of node $newx with $newx * 2)
   return ($oldx, $newx)
</pre></div>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>No persistent changes to the underlying data result from this
example.</p>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>A transform expression consists of three clauses, denoted by the
keywords <code>copy</code>, <code>modify</code>, and
<code>return</code>. The semantics of a transform expression are as
follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The <code>copy</code> clause contains one or more variable
bindings, each of which consists of a variable name and an
expression called the <b>source expression</b>. Each variable
binding is processed as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>The source expression must be a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The result of evaluating the source expression must be a single
node [<a href="#ERRXUTY0013" title=
"err:XUTY0013">err:XUTY0013</a>]. Let <code>$node</code> be this
single node.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A new copy is made of <code>$node</code> and all nodes that have
<code>$node</code> as an ancestor, collectively referred to as
<b>copied nodes</b>. Each copied node receives a new node identity.
The <code>parent</code>, <code>children</code>, and
<code>attributes</code> properties of the copied nodes are set so
as to preserve their inter-node relationships. The parent property
of the copy of <code>$node</code> is set to empty. Other properties
of the copied nodes are determined as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p>For a copied element node, the <code>type-name</code> property
is set to <code>xs:untyped</code>, and the <code>nilled</code>,
<code>is-id</code>, and <code>is-idrefs</code> properties are set
to <code>false</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For a copied attribute node, the <code>type-name</code> property
is set to <code>xs:untypedAtomic</code> and the
<code>is-idrefs</code> property is set to <code>false</code>. The
<code>is-id</code> property is set to <code>true</code> if the
qualified name of the attribute node is <code>xml:id</code>;
otherwise it is set to <code>false</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The string value of each copied element and attribute node
remains unchanged, and its typed value becomes equal to its string
value as an instance of <code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>Implementations that store only the typed value of a node are
required at this point to convert the typed value to a string
form.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>copy-namespaces mode</code> in the static context
specifies <code>preserve</code>, all in-scope-namespaces of the
original element are retained in the new copy. If
<code>copy-namespaces</code> mode specifies
<code>no-preserve</code>, the new copy retains only those in-scope
namespaces of the original element that are used in the names of
the element and its attributes.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>All other properties of the copied nodes are preserved.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The variable name is bound to the top-level copied node
generated in the previous step. The scope of this variable binding
includes all subexpressions of the containing transform expression
that appear after the variable binding clause, including the source
expressions of later variable bindings, but it does not include the
source expression to which the current variable name is bound.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>modify</code> clause must contain an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a> or a <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expression</a> ; otherwise a
static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0002" title=
"err:XUST0002">err:XUST0002</a>]. The expression in the
<code>modify</code> clause is evaluated, resulting in a <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a>. If the <a title="target node" href=
"#dt-target-node">target node</a> of any <a title=
"update primitive" href="#dt-update-primitive">update primitive</a>
on this pending update list is a node that was not newly created in
Step 1, a dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUDY0014" title=
"err:XUDY0014">err:XUDY0014</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Let <code>$pul</code> be the pending update list generated by
the previous step. Let <code>$revalidation-mode</code> be the value
of the revalidation mode in the static context of the transform
expression. Let <code>$inherit-namespaces</code> be
<code>true</code> if the <code>copy-namespaces</code> mode
specifies <code>inherit</code>, or <code>false</code> if the
<code>copy-namespaces</code> mode specifies
<code>no-inherit</code>. The following <a title="update operation"
href="#dt-update-operation">update operation</a> is invoked:
<code><a href="#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a>($pul,
$revalidation-mode, $inherit-namespaces)</code>. The effect of this
operation is to make the updates specified in the
<code>modify</code> clause effective on the copied nodes.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>In the event of incompatible updates, the <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates">upd:applyUpdates</a> operation may raise an
error, as described in <a href="#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2
upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>return</code> clause must contain a <a title=
"simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>; otherwise a static error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUST0001" title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. The
<code>return</code> clause is evaluated, and its result is the
result of the transform expression. During evaluation of the
<code>return</code> clause, changes applied to copied nodes by the
preceding step are visible.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-compatibility" id="id-compatibility"></a>2.4.6
Compatibility of Updating Expressions</h4>
<p>The rules defining compatibility of <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expressions</a> within a <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a> are defined in <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2 upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>The effect of these rules is as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If any node is affected by more than one <code>rename</code>
expression within a <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, a dynamic error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUDY0015" title="err:XUDY0015">err:XUDY0015</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If any node is affected by more than one <code>replace</code>
expression (without <code>value of</code> being specified) within a
<a title="snapshot" href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, a dynamic
error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUDY0016" title=
"err:XUDY0016">err:XUDY0016</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If any node is affected by more than one <code>replace value
of</code> expression within a <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, a dynamic error is raised [<a href=
"#ERRXUDY0017" title="err:XUDY0017">err:XUDY0017</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple calls to <code>fn:put</code> operate on the same URI
in the same <a title="snapshot" href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, a
dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUDY0031" title=
"err:XUDY0031">err:XUDY0031</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Within a given <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, if an element node <code>E</code> is
the target of a <code>replace value of</code> expression, and the
children of <code>E</code> are also modified by other expressions,
the final children of <code>E</code> are determined by the
<code>replace value of</code> expression. For example:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Suppose that <code>$A</code> is bound to an element node that
has a child element named <code>B</code>. Suppose that the
following expressions are evaluated in the same <a title="snapshot"
href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>:</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
replace node $A/B with &lt;C&gt;Hello&lt;/C&gt;,
replace value of node $A with &lt;D&gt;Goodbye&lt;/D&gt;
</pre></div>
<p>The expressions on the left and right side of the comma can be
evaluated in any order. No error is raised. At the end of the
<a title="snapshot" href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, the children
of <code>$A</code> will consist of a single text node with the
content <code>"Goodbye"</code>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-extensions-to-existing" id=
"id-extensions-to-existing"></a>2.5 Extensions to Existing
Expressions</h3>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 provides extensions to the semantics
of several existing kinds of XQuery expressions, as specified in
this section.</p>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-flwor-expr" id="id-flwor-expr"></a>2.5.1 FLWOR
Expression</h4>
<p>The syntax of the FLWOR expression is not changed. Its semantics
are extended as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If a <code>for</code>, <code>let</code>, <code>where</code>, or
<code>order by</code> clause contains an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>, a static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001"
title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>return</code> clause may contain any category of
expression. The category of the FLWOR expression is the same as the
category of the expression in its <code>return</code> clause
(simple, vacuous, or updating.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the <code>return</code> clause contains a <a title=
"simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>, the semantics of the FLWOR expression are as
specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-flwor-expressions">Section 3.8
FLWOR Expressions</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the <code>return</code> clause contains an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>, the semantics of the FLWOR expression are as
follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>The semantics of the <code>for</code>, <code>let</code>,
<code>where</code>, and <code>order by</code> clauses are as
specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-flwor-expressions">Section 3.8
FLWOR Expressions</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>. These clauses
generate a stream of tuples of bound variables.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For each tuple generated by the previous step, the updating
expression in the <code>return</code> clause is evaluated,
resulting in a <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>All the <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a> generated by the
previous step are merged by successive invocations of the
<code><a href="#id-upd-merge-updates">upd:mergeUpdates</a></code>
operation. The resulting merged pending update list is the result
of the FLWOR expression.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>In the event of incompatible updates, the <code><a href=
"#id-upd-merge-updates">upd:mergeUpdates</a></code> operation may
raise an error, as described in <a href=
"#id-upd-merge-updates"><b>[3.2.1 upd:mergeUpdates]</b></a>.</p>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The following example illustrates the use of an updating
expression in a FLWOR expression:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Update an inventory of parts according to a set of changes
provided in the bound variable <code>$changes</code>. Both
<code>/inventory</code> and <code>$changes</code> contain a set of
<code>part</code> elements, each with a <code>partno</code> and a
<code>quantity</code>.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
for $p in /inventory/part
let $deltap := $changes/part[partno eq $p/partno]
return 
    replace value of node $p/quantity
    with $p/quantity + $deltap/quantity
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-typeswitch-expr" id="id-typeswitch-expr"></a>2.5.2
Typeswitch Expression</h4>
<p>The syntax of the typeswitch expression is not changed. Its
semantics are extended as follows. Let the expressions in the
<code>case</code> and <code>default</code> clauses be called
<b>branches</b>. Then:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If the operand expression of a typeswitch is an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>, a static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001"
title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If any branch is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, then all
branches must be <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating</a> or <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expressions</a> [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. In this case, the typeswitch
expression is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If all branches are <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expressions</a>, the typeswitch
expression is a <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Otherwise, the typeswitch expression is a <a title=
"simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the typeswitch expression is a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple</a> (including <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous</a>)
expression, its semantics are as specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-typeswitch">Section 3.12.2
Typeswitch</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the typeswitch expression is an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>, then selection of the effective case and binding of
variables are performed as specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-typeswitch">Section 3.12.2
Typeswitch</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>. The expression in the
<code>return</code> clause of the effective case (or default) is
then evaluated, resulting in a <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a>, which serves as
the result of the typeswitch expression.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-conditional-expr" id=
"id-conditional-expr"></a>2.5.3 Conditional Expression</h4>
<p>The semantics of conditional expressions are extended as
follows. Let the expressions in the <code>then</code> and
<code>else</code> clauses be called <b>branches</b>. Then:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If the if-clause contains an <a title="updating expression"
href="#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, a static
error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If either branch is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, then both
branches must be <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating</a> or <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expressions</a> [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. In this case, the conditional
expression is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If both branches are <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expressions</a>, the conditional
expression is a <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Otherwise, the conditional expression is a <a title=
"simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the conditional expression is a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple</a> (including <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous</a>)
expression, its semantics are as specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-conditionals">Section 3.10
Conditional Expressions</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the conditional expression is an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>, then selection of the effective branch performed as
specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#id-conditionals">Section 3.10
Conditional Expressions</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>. The result
of the conditional expression is the <a title="pending update list"
href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> returned by
the selected branch.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The following example illustrates the use of updating
expressions in a conditional expression:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>If the element bound to variable <code>$e</code> has a
<code>last-updated</code> attribute, update its value to the
current date; otherwise insert such an attribute.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
if ($e/@last-updated)
then replace value of node 
        $e/last-updated with fn:currentDate()
else insert node 
        attribute last-updated {fn:currentDate()} into $e
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-comma-expr" id="id-comma-expr"></a>2.5.4 Comma
Expression</h4>
<p>The semantics of comma expressions (composed of one or more
expressions concatenated by the comma operator, as described in
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#construct_seq">Section 3.3.1
Constructing Sequences</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>) are
extended as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If any operand is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, then all
operands must be <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating</a> or <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expressions</a> [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>]. In this case, the comma
expression is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If all operands are <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expressions</a>, the comma
expression is a <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Otherwise, the comma expression is a <a title=
"simple expression" href="#dt-simple-expression">simple
expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the comma expression is a <a title="simple expression" href=
"#dt-simple-expression">simple</a> (including <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous</a>)
expression, its semantics are as specified in <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#construct_seq">Section 3.3.1
Constructing Sequences</a><sup><small>XQ</small></sup>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the comma expression is an <a title="updating expression"
href="#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, its operand
expressions are evaluated (in any order), and the <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
lists</a> returned by the operand expressions are merged by the
<code><a href="#id-upd-merge-updates">upd:mergeUpdates</a></code>
operation. The resulting merged <a title="pending update list"
href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> is the
result of the comma expression.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The following example illustrates the use of an updating comma
expression:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>This example makes the value of an element empty and gives the
element an <code>xsi:nil="true"</code> attribute. Both of these
operations may be necessary in order to preserve the validity of
the element.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
let $q := /inventory/item[serialno = "123456"]/quantity
return
   ( replace value of node $q with ( ),
     insert node attribute xsi:nil {"true"} into $q )
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-parenthesized-expr" id=
"id-parenthesized-expr"></a>2.5.5 Parenthesized Expression</h4>
<p>The semantics of a parenthesized expression (any XQuery
expression enclosed in parentheses) are extended as follows:</p>
<p>The category of a parenthesized expression is the same as the
category of the expression enclosed in parentheses, which may have
any category. The result of a parenthesized expression is also the
same as the result of the expression enclosed in parentheses.</p>
<p>An empty parenthesized expression <code>( )</code> is a
<a title="vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expression</a>. Its result is an empty sequence and an empty
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-function-call" id="id-function-call"></a>2.5.6
Function Call</h4>
<p>The semantics of a function call are extended as follows:</p>
<p>The function call is evaluated as specified in Section 3.1.5 of
<a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>. If any input parameter of the
function call is an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>, a static error
is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001" title=
"err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
<p>The expression category of a function call is as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>A call to the built-in function <code>fn:error</code> is a
<a title="vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A call to an <a title="updating function" href=
"#dt-updating-function">updating function</a> is an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A call to any other function is a <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a>.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>This includes calls to built-in functions other than
<code>fn:error</code> and calls to user-defined functions that were
not declared to be <code>updating</code>.</p>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-other-expr" id="id-other-expr"></a>2.5.7 Other
Expressions</h4>
<p>The semantics of all XQuery expressions other than FLWOR
expressions, typeswitch expressions, conditional expressions, comma
expressions, parenthesized expressions, and function calls are
extended as follows:</p>
<p>If any operand of this expression is an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a>, a static error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUST0001"
title="err:XUST0001">err:XUST0001</a>].</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-new-functions" id="id-new-functions"></a>2.6
Extensions to Built-in Function Library</h3>
<p>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 provides extensions to XQuery
built-in function library, as specified in this section.</p>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-func-put" id="id-func-put"></a>2.6.1 fn:put</h4>
<div class="proto"><code class=
"function">fn:put</code>(<code class="arg">$node</code><code class=
"as">&#160;as&#160;</code><code class="type">node()</code>,
<code class="arg">$uri</code><code class=
"as">&#160;as&#160;</code><code class=
"type">xs:string</code>)<code class=
"as">&#160;as&#160;</code><code class=
"return-type">empty-sequence()</code></div>
<p><b>Summary:</b> Stores a document or element to the location
specified by <code>$uri</code>. This function is normally invoked
to create a resource on an external storage system such as a file
system or a database.</p>
<p>The external effects of <code>fn:put</code> are
implementation-defined, since they occur outside the domain of
XQuery. The intent is that, if <code>fn:put</code> is invoked on a
document node and no error is raised, a subsequent query can access
the stored document by invoking <code>fn:doc</code> with the same
URI.</p>
<p><b>Semantics:</b></p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p><code>fn:put</code> is an updating function.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$node</code> is not a document node or an element node,
and the implementation does not support <code>fn:put</code> on the
given node kind, a dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRFOUP0001"
title="err:FOUP0001">err:FOUP0001</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$uri</code> is not a valid lexical representation of
the <code>xs:anyURI</code> type, a dynamic error is raised
[<a href="#ERRFOUP0002" title="err:FOUP0002">err:FOUP0002</a>]. If
<code>$uri</code> is a relative URI reference, it is resolved
relative to the value of the base URI property in the static
context.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The result of a call to <code>fn:put</code> is an empty
<a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>
and a <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> containing the
following <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitive</a>: <code><a href=
"#id-upd-put">upd:put</a>($node, $uri)</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Notes:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The results of <code>fn:put</code> do not become effective until
after completion of the current <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>. The <code>fn:put</code> function has
no effect on the set of available documents or collections seen by
the current <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If a node that is an operand of <code>fn:put</code> is affected
by updating expressions in the current <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, the <code>fn:put</code> function
operates on the node after these updating expressions are made
effective. As a result, after completion of the current <a title=
"snapshot" href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, the effects of updates
to <code>$node</code> can be seen via <code>$uri</code>. (For
details on application of updates, see <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2 upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If multiple calls to <code>fn:put</code> in the same <a title=
"snapshot" href="#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a> operate on the same URI
(after any necessary resolution of relative URIs), a dynamic error
[<a href="#ERRXUDY0031" title="err:XUDY0031">err:XUDY0031</a>] is
raised. The dynamic error is raised by an expression at some level
of the query that contains more than one call to
<code>fn:put</code>. For a normative description of this error, see
<a href="#id-upd-merge-updates"><b>[3.2.1 upd:mergeUpdates]</b></a>
and <a href="#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2
upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-update-operations" id="id-update-operations"></a>3
Update Operations</h2>
<p>This section describes the update operations defined by XQuery
Update Facility 1.0. Although these update operations are described
using a functional notation, they are not true functions because
many of them have no return value. These update operations are used
in defining the semantics of XQuery expressions, but they are not
directly available to users.</p>
<p>Update operations consist of <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a>, which are the
components of <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a>, and <a title=
"update routine" href="#dt-update-routine">update routines</a>,
which are used in defining XQuery semantics but do not appear on
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a>.</p>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-update-primitives" id=
"id-update-primitives"></a>3.1 Update Primitives</h3>
<p>The update primitives described in this section may be held on
<a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a>. When an update
primitive is held on a pending update list, its node operands are
represented by their <a title="node identity" href=
"#dt-node-identity">node identities</a>. The semantics of an update
primitive do not become effective until their pending update list
is processed by the <code>upd:applyUpdates</code> routine.</p>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-insert-before" id=
"id-upd-insert-before"></a>3.1.1 upd:insertBefore</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:insertBefore(
   $target as node(),
   $content as node()+)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inserts <code>$content</code> immediately before
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element, text, processing
instruction, or comment node with a non-empty <code>parent</code>
property. <code>$content</code> must be a sequence containing only
element, text, processing instruction, and comment nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>Effects on nodes in <code>$content</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>For each node in <code>$content</code>, the <code>parent</code>
property is set to <code>parent($target)</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the <code>type-name</code> property of
<code>parent($target)</code> is <code>xs:untyped</code>, then
<code><a href=
"#id-upd-set-to-untyped">upd:setToUntyped()</a></code> is invoked
on each element or attribute node in <code>$content</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>Effects on <code>parent($target)</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>The <code>children</code> property of
<code>parent($target)</code> is modified to add the nodes in
<code>$content</code> just before <code>$target</code>, preserving
their order.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If at least one of the nodes in <code>$content</code> is an
element or text node, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>(parent($target))</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>All the namespace bindings of <code>parent($target)</code> are
<a title="mark" href="#dt-mark">marked for namespace
propagation</a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-insert-after" id=
"id-upd-insert-after"></a>3.1.2 upd:insertAfter</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:insertAfter(
   $target as node(),
   $content as node()+)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inserts <code>$content</code> immediately after
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element, text, processing
instruction, or comment node with a non-empty <code>parent</code>
property. <code>$content</code> must be a sequence containing only
element, text, processing instruction, and comment nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>The semantics of <code>upd:insertAfter</code> are identical to
the semantics of <code>upd:insertBefore</code>, except that Rule 2a
is changed as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <code>children</code> property of
<code>parent($target)</code> is modified to add the nodes in
<code>$content</code> just after <code>$target</code>, preserving
their order.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-insert-into" id="id-upd-insert-into"></a>3.1.3
upd:insertInto</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:insertInto(
   $target as node(),
   $content as node()+)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inserts <code>$content</code> as the children of
<code>$target</code>, in an implementation-dependent position.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element or document node.
<code>$content</code> must be a sequence containing only element,
text, processing instruction, and comment nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>The semantics of <code>upd:insertInto</code> are identical to
the semantics of <code>upd:insertBefore</code>, except that
<code>$target</code> is substituted everywhere for
<code>parent($target)</code>, and Rule 2a is changed as
follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <code>children</code> property of <code>$target</code> is
changed to add the nodes in <code>$content</code> in
implementation-dependent positions, preserving their relative
order.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-insert-into-as-first" id=
"id-upd-insert-into-as-first"></a>3.1.4 upd:insertIntoAsFirst</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:insertIntoAsFirst(
   $target as node(),
   $content as node()+)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inserts <code>$content</code> as the first children of
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element or document node.
<code>$content</code> must be a sequence containing only element,
text, processing instruction, and comment nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>The semantics of <code>upd:insertIntoAsFirst</code> are
identical to the semantics of <code>upd:insertBefore</code>, except
that <code>$target</code> is substituted everywhere for
<code>parent($target)</code>, and Rule 2a is changed as
follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <code>children</code> property of <code>$target</code> is
changed to add the nodes in <code>$content</code> as the first
children, preserving their order.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-insert-into-as-last" id=
"id-upd-insert-into-as-last"></a>3.1.5 upd:insertIntoAsLast</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:insertIntoAsLast(
   $target as node(),
   $content as node()+)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inserts <code>$content</code> as the last children of
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element or document node.
<code>$content</code> must be a sequence containing only element,
text, processing instruction, and comment nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>The semantics of <code>upd:insertIntoAsLast</code> are identical
to the semantics of <code>upd:insertBefore</code>, except that
<code>$target</code> is substituted everywhere for
<code>parent($target)</code>, and Rule 2a is changed as
follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The <code>children</code> property of <code>$target</code> is
changed to add the nodes in <code>$content</code> as the last
children, preserving their order.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-insert-attributes" id=
"id-upd-insert-attributes"></a>3.1.6 upd:insertAttributes</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:insertAttributes(
   $target as element(),
   $content as attribute()+)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inserts <code>$content</code> as attributes of
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p>None</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>For each node <code>$A</code> in <code>$content</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>The <code>parent</code> property of <code>$A</code> is set to
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the <code>type-name</code> property of <code>$target</code>
is <code>xs:untyped</code>, then <code><a href=
"#id-upd-set-to-untyped">upd:setToUntyped</a>($A)</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The following properties of <code>$target</code> are
changed:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>attributes</code>: Modified to add the nodes in
<code>$content</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>namespaces:</code> Modified to add namespace bindings for
any attribute namespace prefixes in <code>$content</code> that did
not already have bindings. These bindings are <a title="mark" href=
"#dt-mark">marked for namespace propagation</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>($target)</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-delete" id="id-upd-delete"></a>3.1.7
upd:delete</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:delete(
   $target as node())
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p>None</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> has a parent node <code>$P</code>,
then:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>The <code>parent</code> property of <code>$target</code> is set
to empty.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node, the
<code>attributes</code> property of <code>$P</code> is modified to
remove <code>$target</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a non-attribute node, the
<code>children</code> property of <code>$P</code> is modified to
remove <code>$target</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an element, attribute, or text node,
and <code>$P</code> is an element node, then <code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>($P)</code> is invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> has no parent, the <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> is
unchanged.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>Deleted nodes are detached from their parent nodes; however, a
node deletion has no effect on variable bindings or on the set of
available documents or collections during processing of the current
query.</p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>Multiple <code>upd:delete</code> operations may be applied to
the same node during execution of a query; this is not an
error.</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-replacenode" id="id-upd-replacenode"></a>3.1.8
upd:replaceNode</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:replaceNode(
   $target as node(),
   $replacement as node()*)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Replaces <code>$target</code> with
<code>$replacement</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be a node that has a parent. If
<code>$target</code> is an attribute node,
<code>$replacement</code> must consist of zero or more attribute
nodes. If <code>$target</code> is an element, text, comment, or
processing instruction node, <code>$replacement</code> must be
consist of zero or more element, text, comment, or processing
instruction nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>Effects on nodes in <code>$replacement</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>For each node in <code>$replacement</code>, the
<code>parent</code> property is set to
<code>parent($target)</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the <code>type-name</code> property of
<code>parent($target)</code> is <code>xs:untyped</code>, then
<code><a href=
"#id-upd-set-to-untyped">upd:setToUntyped</a>()</code> is invoked
on each node in <code>$replacement</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>Effect on <code>$target</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>The <code>parent</code> property of <code>$target</code> is set
to empty.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>Effects on <code>parent($target)</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node, the
<code>attributes</code> property of <code>parent($target)</code> is
modified by removing <code>$target</code> and adding the nodes in
<code>$replacement</code> (if any).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node, the
<code>namespaces</code> property of <code>parent($target)</code> is
modified to add namespace bindings for any attribute namespace
prefixes in <code>$replacement</code> that did not already have
bindings. These bindings are <a title="mark" href="#dt-mark">marked
for namespace propagation</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an element, text, comment, or
processing instruction node, the <code>children</code> property of
<code>parent($target)</code> is modified by removing
<code>$target</code> and adding the nodes in
<code>$replacement</code> (if any) in the former position of
<code>$target</code>, preserving their order.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> or any node in <code>$replacement</code>
is an element, attribute, or text node, <code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>(parent($target))</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-replace-value" id=
"id-upd-replace-value"></a>3.1.9 upd:replaceValue</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:replaceValue(
   $target as node(),
   $string-value as xs:string)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Replaces the string value of <code>$target</code> with
<code>$string-value</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an attribute, text, comment, or
processing instruction node.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>string-value</code> of <code>$target</code> is set to
<code>$string-value</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>($target)</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a text, comment, or processing
instruction node: <code>content</code> of <code>$target</code> is
set to <code>$string-value</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a text node that has a parent,
<code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>(parent($target))</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-replace-element-content" id=
"id-upd-replace-element-content"></a>3.1.10
upd:replaceElementContent</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:replaceElementContent(
   $target as element(),
   $text as text()?)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Replaces the existing children of the element node
<code>$target</code> by the optional text node <code>$text</code>.
The attributes of <code>$target</code> are not affected.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p>None.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>For each node <code>$C</code> that is a child of
<code>$target</code>, the <code>parent</code> property of
<code>$C</code> is set to empty.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>parent</code> property of <code>$text</code> is set to
<code>$target</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Effects on <code>$target</code>:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>children</code> is set to consist exclusively of
<code>$text</code>. If <code>$text</code> is an empty sequence,
then <code>$target</code> has no children.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>typed-value</code> and <code>string-value</code> are set
to the <code>content</code> property of <code>$text</code>. If
<code>$text</code> is an empty sequence, then
<code>typed-value</code> is an empty sequence and
<code>string-value</code> is an empty string.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType($target)</a></code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-rename" id="id-upd-rename"></a>3.1.11
upd:rename</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:rename(
   $target as node(),
   $newName as xs:QName)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Changes the node-name of <code>$target</code> to
<code>$newName</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$target</code> must be an element, attribute, or
processing instruction node.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an element node:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>node-name</code> of <code>$target</code> is set to
<code>$newName</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>($target)</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$newname</code> has no prefix and no namespace URI, the
<code>namespaces</code> property of <code>$target</code> is
modified by removing the binding (if any) for the empty prefix.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>namespaces</code> property of <code>$target</code> is
modified to add a namespace binding derived from
<code>$newName</code>, if this binding did not already exist. This
binding is <a title="mark" href="#dt-mark">marked for namespace
propagation</a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is an attribute node:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>node-name</code> of <code>$target</code> is set to
<code>$newName</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code><a href=
"#id-upd-remove-type">upd:removeType</a>($target)</code> is
invoked.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$newName</code> is <code>xml:id</code>, the
<code>is-id</code> property of <code>$target</code> is set to
<code>true</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> has a parent, the
<code>namespaces</code> property of <code>parent($target)</code> is
modified to add a namespace binding derived from
<code>$newName</code>, if this binding did not already exist. This
binding is <a title="mark" href="#dt-mark">marked for namespace
propagation</a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$target</code> is a processing instruction node, its
<code>target</code> property is set to the local part of
<code>$newName</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>At the end of a <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a>, if multiple attribute nodes with the
same parent have the same qualified name, an error will be raised
by <code>upd:applyUpdates</code>.</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-put" id="id-upd-put"></a>3.1.12 upd:put</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:put(
   $node as node(),
   $uri as xs:string)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>The XDM node tree rooted at <code>$node</code> is stored to the
location specified by <code>$uri</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$uri</code> must be a valid absolute URI.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>The external effects of <code>upd:put</code> are
implementation-defined, since they occur outside the domain of
XQuery. The intent is that, if <code>upd:put</code> is invoked on a
document node and no error is raised, a subsequent query can access
the stored document by invoking <code>fn:doc</code> with the same
URI.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-update-routines" id="id-update-routines"></a>3.2
Update Routines</h3>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-merge-updates" id=
"id-upd-merge-updates"></a>3.2.1 upd:mergeUpdates</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:mergeUpdates(
   $pul1 as pending-update-list,
   $pul2 as pending-update-list)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Merges two <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p>None.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The two <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update lists</a> are merged and a
single pending update list containing all the update primitives
from both lists is returned.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Optionally, <code>upd:mergeUpdates</code> may raise a dynamic
error if any of the following conditions are detected:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:rename</code> primitives on the merged
list have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0015" title=
"err:XUDY0015">err:XUDY0015</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:replaceNode</code> primitives on the
merged list have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0016"
title="err:XUDY0016">err:XUDY0016</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:replaceValue</code> primitives on the
merged list have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0017"
title="err:XUDY0017">err:XUDY0017</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:replaceElementContent</code> primitives on
the merged list have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0017"
title="err:XUDY0017">err:XUDY0017</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:put</code> primitives on the merged list
have the same <code>$uri</code> operand [<a href="#ERRXUDY0031"
title="err:XUDY0031">err:XUDY0031</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more primitives on the merged list create <a title=
"conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflicting</a> namespace bindings
for the same element node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0024" title=
"err:XUDY0024">err:XUDY0024</a>]. The following kinds of primitives
create namespace bindings:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p><code>upd:insertAttributes</code> creates one namespace binding
on the <code>$target</code> element corresponding to the <a title=
"implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a> of
the name of each attribute node in <code>$content</code> if the
name has a non-empty prefix.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>upd:replaceNode</code> creates one namespace binding on
the <code>parent($target)</code> element corresponding to the
<a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a> of
the name of each attribute node in <code>$replacement</code> if the
name has a non-empty prefix.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>upd:rename</code> creates a namespace binding on
<code>$target</code>, or on the parent (if any) of
<code>$target</code> if <code>$target</code> is an attribute node,
corresponding to the <a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a> of
<code>$newName</code>. However, if $target is an attribute and its
name has an empty prefix, the namespace binding is not created.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-apply-updates" id=
"id-upd-apply-updates"></a>3.2.2 upd:applyUpdates</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:applyUpdates(
   $pul as pending-update-list,
   $revalidation-mode as xs:string,
   $inherit-namespaces as xs:boolean)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>This routine ends a <a title="snapshot" href=
"#dt-snapshot">snapshot</a> by making effective the semantics of
all the update primitives on a <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a> and by
revalidating the resulting <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$revalidation-mode</code> must be <code>"strict"</code>,
<code>"lax"</code>, or <code>"skip"</code></p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>Checks the update primitives on <code>$pul</code> for
compatibility. Raises a dynamic error if any of the following
conditions are detected:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:rename</code> primitives on
<code>$pul</code> have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0015"
title="err:XUDY0015">err:XUDY0015</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:replaceNode</code> primitives on
<code>$pul</code> have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0016"
title="err:XUDY0016">err:XUDY0016</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:replaceValue</code> primitives on
<code>$pul</code> have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0017"
title="err:XUDY0017">err:XUDY0017</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:replaceElementContent</code> primitives on
<code>$pul</code> have the same target node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0017"
title="err:XUDY0017">err:XUDY0017</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more <code>upd:put</code> primitives on the merged list
have the same <code>$uri</code> operand [<a href="#ERRXUDY0031"
title="err:XUDY0031">err:XUDY0031</a>].</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Two or more primitives on <code>$pul</code> create <a title=
"conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflicting</a> namespace bindings
for the same element node [<a href="#ERRXUDY0024" title=
"err:XUDY0024">err:XUDY0024</a>]. The following kinds of primitives
create namespace bindings:</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p><code>upd:insertAttributes</code> creates one namespace binding
on the <code>parent($target)</code> element corresponding to the
<a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a> of
the name of each attribute node in <code>$content</code> if the
name has a non-empty prefix.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>upd:replaceNode</code> creates one namespace binding on
the <code>$target</code> element corresponding to the <a title=
"implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a> of
the name of each attribute node in <code>$replacement</code> if the
name has a non-empty prefix.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>upd:rename</code> creates a namespace binding on
<code>$target</code>, or on the parent (if any) of
<code>$target</code> if <code>$target</code> is an attribute node,
corresponding to the <a title="implied namespace binding" href=
"#dt-implied-namespace-binding">implied namespace binding</a> of
<code>$newName</code>. However, if $target is an attribute and its
name has an empty prefix, the namespace binding is not created.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The semantics of all <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a> on <code>$pul</code>,
other than <code>upd:put</code> primitives, are made effective in
the following order:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>First, all <code>upd:insertInto</code>,
<code>upd:insertAttributes</code>, <code>upd:replaceValue</code>,
and <code>upd:rename</code> primitives are applied.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Next, all <code>upd:insertBefore</code>,
<code>upd:insertAfter</code>, <code>upd:insertIntoAsFirst</code>,
and <code>upd:insertIntoAsLast</code> primitives are applied.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Next, all <code>upd:replaceNode</code> primitives are
applied.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Next, all <code>upd:replaceElementContent</code> primitives are
applied.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Next, all <code>upd:delete</code> primitives are applied.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If, as a net result of the above steps, the
<code>children</code> property of some node contains adjacent text
nodes, these adjacent text nodes are merged into a single text
node. The string-value of the resulting text node is the
concatenated string-values of the adjacent text nodes, with no
intervening space added. The <a title="node identity" href=
"#dt-node-identity">node identity</a> of the resulting text node is
implementation-dependent.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If, as a net result of the above steps, the
<code>children</code> property of some node contains an empty text
node, that empty text node is deleted from the
<code>children</code> property.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If, after applying the updates, any <a title="XDM instance"
href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> (including a node that has
been deleted or detached from its parent, or that is a descendant
of such a node) violates any constraint specified in <a href=
"#xpath-datamodel">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model]</a>, a
dynamic error is raised [<a href="#ERRXUDY0021" title=
"err:XUDY0021">err:XUDY0021</a>].</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>For example, a data model constraint violation might occur if
multiple attributes with the same parent have the same qualified
name (see <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/#ElementNodeOverview">Section
6.2.1 Overview</a><sup><small>DM</small></sup>.)</p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>During processing of a <a title="pending update list" href=
"#dt-pending-update-list">pending update list</a>, an <a title=
"XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> may
temporarily violate a data model constraint. An error is raised
only if a constraint remains unsatisfied after all update
primitives other than <code>upd:put</code> have been applied.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$inherit-namespaces</code> is <code>true</code>, then
<code><a href=
"#id-upd-propagate-namespace">upd:propagateNamespace</a>($element,
$prefix, $uri)</code> is invoked for each namespace binding that
was <a title="mark" href="#dt-mark">marked for namespace
propagation</a>, except for namespace bindings associated with the
empty prefix, where <code>$element</code> is the element node on
which the namespace binding appears, <code>$prefix</code> is the
namespace prefix, and <code>$uri</code> is the namespace URI. Each
of these nodes is then unmarked.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For each document or element node <code>$top</code> that was
<a title="mark" href="#dt-mark">marked for revalidation</a> by one
of the earlier steps, <code>upd:revalidate($top,
$revalidation-mode)</code> is invoked. Each of these nodes is then
unmarked.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>As the final step, all <code>upd:put</code> primitives on
<code>$pul</code> are applied.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>upd:applyUpdates</code> operation is atomic with
respect to the data model. In other words, if
<code>upd:applyUpdates</code> terminates normally, the resulting
<a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>
reflects the result of all update primitives; but if
<code>upd:applyUpdates</code> raises an error, the resulting
<a title="XDM instance" href="#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a>
reflects no changes. Atomicity is guaranteed only with respect to
operations on XDM instances, and only with respect to error
conditions specified in this document.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>The results of implementation-dependent error conditions such as
exceeding resource limits are beyond the scope of this
specification.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Propagation of XDM changes to an underlying persistent store is
beyond the scope of this specification. For example, the effect on
persistent storage of deleting a node that has no parent is beyond
the scope of this specification.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-revalidate" id="id-upd-revalidate"></a>3.2.3
upd:revalidate</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:revalidate(
   $top as node(),
   $revalidation-mode as xs:string)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$top</code> must be a document node or an element
node.</p>
<p><code>$revalidation-mode</code> must be <code>"strict"</code>,
<code>"lax"</code>, or <code>"skip"</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Schema validation is applied to the subtree rooted at
<code>$top</code> in order to recover the types of updated nodes
while preserving their <a title="node identity" href=
"#dt-node-identity">node identities</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>If <code>$revalidation-mode</code> is <code>skip</code>,
<code>upd:revalidate</code> performs no action. Otherwise:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>$revalidation-mode</code> is <code>lax</code>, define
<code>$topV</code> as the result of the XQuery expression
<code>validate lax {$top}</code>. If
<code>$revalidation-mode</code> is <code>strict</code>, define
<code>$topV</code> as the result of the XQuery expression
<code>validate strict {$top}</code>. During computation of
<code>$topV</code>, it is necessary to maintain a mapping between
each node in <code>$topV</code> and the corresponding node (if any)
in the subtree rooted at <code>$top</code> (this mapping is
maintained in an implementation-dependent way.)</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>This step may raise an error [<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/#ERRXQDY0027" title=
"err:XQDY0027">err:XQDY0027</a>]<sup><small>XQ</small></sup> if
<code>$top</code> is found to be invalid.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Some of the nodes in <code>$topV</code> (for example, default
attributes generated by the validation process) may have no
corresponding nodes in <code>$top</code>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>For each node <code>$nV</code> in <code>$topV</code> that has a
corresponding node <code>$n</code> in <code>$top</code>, replace
the following properties of <code>$n</code> with the corresponding
properties of <code>$nV</code>: <code>type-name</code>,
<code>typed-value</code>, <code>string-value</code>,
<code>is-id</code>, <code>is-idrefs</code>,
<code>namespace-bindings</code>, <code>nilled</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For each node <code>$nV</code> in <code>$topV</code> that does
not have a corresponding node in <code>$top</code>, insert the node
<code>$nV</code> into the subtree rooted at <code>$top</code> as a
child or attribute of the node corresponding to the parent of
<code>$nV</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The result of <code>upd:revalidate</code> is to modify the
properties of the nodes rooted at <code>$top</code> and possibly to
add some new nodes to this subtree. When the revalidation process
is complete, <code>$topV</code> can be discarded.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>After revalidation, the type annotations of the nodes in the
validated subtree are consistent with their content. It is expected
that implementations will optimize the revalidation process by
taking into account which nodes have been modified since they were
last validated.</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-remove-type" id="id-upd-remove-type"></a>3.2.4
upd:removeType</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:removeType(
   $N as node())
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$N</code> must be an element or attribute node</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>This routine is applied to a node whose name or content has been
modified, in order to remove specific type information from the
node and its ancestors, pending revalidation.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>$N</code> is an element node, its properties are
changed as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p>If <code>type-name</code> is not equal to
<code>xs:untyped</code>, then</p>
<ol class="enumlr">
<li>
<p><code>type-name</code> is set to <code>xs:anyType</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If the parent of <code>N</code> is an element node, then
<code>upd:removeType(parent($N))</code> is invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>string-value</code> is set equal to the concatenated
contents of the text node descendants, in document order.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>typed-value</code> is set equal to the
<code>string-value</code> property, as an instance of
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>The <a title="data model" href="#dt-data-model">data model</a>
allows some flexibility to implementations regarding whether
<code>string-value</code> and/or <code>typed-value</code> are
stored or computed dynamically.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>nilled</code>, <code>is-id</code>, and
<code>is-idrefs</code> are set to <code>false</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$N</code> is an attribute node, its properties are
changed as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>type-name</code> is set to
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>typed-value</code> is set equal to the
<code>string-value</code> property, as an instance of
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>is-id</code> and <code>is-idrefs</code> are set to
<code>false</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$N</code> has a parent,
<code>upd:removeType(parent($N))</code> is invoked.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>The topmost ancestor of <code>$N</code> is <a title="mark" href=
"#dt-mark">marked</a> for revalidation.</p>
<p>[<a name="dt-mark" id="dt-mark" title="mark">Definition</a>: To
<b>mark</b> a node means to identify the node as participating in a
later operation.] Marking of nodes is accomplished in an
implementation-dependent way--for example, an implementation might
maintain a list of marked nodes.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-set-to-untyped" id=
"id-upd-set-to-untyped"></a>3.2.5 upd:setToUntyped</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:setToUntyped(
   $N as node())
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p><code>$N</code> must be an element or attribute node</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>This routine is applied to a node that has been inserted into an
untyped context, which requires that the node and its descendants
be untyped as well.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>If <code>$N</code> is an element node, its properties are
changed as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>type-name</code> is set to <code>xs:untyped</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>typed-value</code> is set equal to the
<code>string-value</code> property, as an instance of
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>The <a title="data model" href="#dt-data-model">data model</a>
allows some flexibility to implementations regarding whether
<code>string-value</code> and/or <code>typed-value</code> are
stored or computed dynamically.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>nilled</code>, <code>is-id</code>, and
<code>is-idrefs</code> are set to <code>false</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>upd:setToUntyped()</code> is invoked on the attributes and
child element nodes of <code>$N</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>If <code>$N</code> is an attribute node, its properties are
changed as follows:</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>type-name</code> is set to
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>typed-value</code> is set equal to the
<code>string-value</code> property, as an instance of
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>is-idrefs</code> is set to <code>false</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>is-id</code> is set to <code>false</code> if the attribute
name is not <code>xml:id</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-upd-propagate-namespace" id=
"id-upd-propagate-namespace"></a>3.2.6 upd:propagateNamespace</h4>
<dl>
<dt class="label">Parameters</dt>
<dd>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
upd:propagateNamespace(
   $element as element(), 
   $prefix as xs:NCName, 
   $uri as xs:anyURI)
</pre></div>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Constraints</dt>
<dd>
<p>None</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Summary</dt>
<dd>
<p>Propagates a namespace binding to all descendants of an
element.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="label">Semantics</dt>
<dd>
<p>For each element <code>$child</code> among the children of
<code>$element</code> that does not have a namespace binding for
<code>$prefix</code>,</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>add a namespace binding <code>($prefix, $uri)</code> to
<code>$child</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>call <code>upd:propagateNamespace($child, $prefix,
$uri)</code></p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-update-static" id="id-update-static"></a>4 Static
Typing Feature</h2>
<p>XQuery 1.0 includes an optional static typing feature. This
section describes the static typing feature for the XQuery Update
Facility 1.0. Implementations of this specification that support
optional static typing must implement the following static typing
rules, along with the XQuery 1.0 static typing rules defined in
<a href="#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a>.</p>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-update-overview" id="id-update-overview"></a>4.1
Overview and notations</h3>
<p>The concepts and notations used in this specification are the
same as those used to define the static typing feature for XQuery
1.0. For convenience, we recall here some of the main concepts and
notations. We refer the reader to <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal Semantics]</a>
for a more detailed introduction.</p>
<p>The static typing feature for the XQuery Update Facility 1.0 is
defined based on a processing model similar to the one of XQuery
1.0. We first define the XQuery Update Facility 1.0 <em>Core</em>,
as a subset of the XQuery Update Facility 1.0. Then for each kind
of updating expression, we give the normalization rules from the
XQuery Update Facility 1.0 into that Core, as well as the inference
rules that compute the type for each Core expression.</p>
<p><b>Notation</b></p>
<p id="jd_map_expr">Normalization rules map expressions in the
XQuery Update Facility 1.0 into expressions in the XQuery Update
Facility 1.0 Core. They are written as follows.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font><em>Expr</em><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><em>CoreExpr</em></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><b>Notation</b></p>
<p>The static semantics is specified through a <b>judgment</b>
which gives for each expression its corresponding static type. The
meaning of that judgment is defined through <b>inference rules</b>
as in <a href="#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a>.</p>
<p id="jd_has_type">The judgment</p>
<div align="center"><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a></div>
<p>holds when, in the static environment <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>, the expression <em>Expr</em> has type
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a>.</p>
<p><b>Notation</b></p>
<p>The static environment is the same as the one defined in
<a href="#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a>, extended with an entry corresponding to the
revalidation mode, as follows.</p>
<table summary="" class="figure" cellpadding="5">
<col width="10%" span="1" />
<col width="15%" span="1" />
<col width="65%" align="justify" span="1" />
<col width="10%" span="1" />
<tbody>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td valign="top"><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>.<a href="#xq_revalidation_mode_env" class=
"env">revalidationMode</a></td>
<td>
<table summary="">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>The <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>.<a href="#xq_revalidation_mode_env" class=
"env">revalidationMode</a> environment component designates the
<b>revalidation mode</b> in the XQuery Update Facility 1.0 static
context.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>The <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>.<a href="#xq_revalidation_mode_env" class=
"env">revalidationMode</a> environment component is one of
<b>strict</b>, <b>lax</b>, or <b>skip</b>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-static-typing-changes" id=
"id-static-typing-changes"></a>4.2 Change to Static Typing Rules of
XQuery 1.0</h3>
<p>XQuery 1.0 specifies that err:XPST0005 is raised if the Static
Typing Feature is in effect and the static type assigned to an
expression other than <code>( )</code> or <code>data(( ))</code> is
<code>empty-sequence( )</code>. XQuery Update Facility 1.0 modifies
this rule so that it applies only to <a title="simple expression"
href="#dt-simple-expression">simple expressions</a> (i.e., it does
not apply to <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expressions</a>.)</p>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-update-core" id="id-update-core"></a>4.3 Core
Grammar</h3>
<p>We extend the XQuery Core defined in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal Semantics]</a>
with five expressions needed to support the XQuery Update Facility
1.0: insert, delete, rename, replace, and transform.</p>
<h5><a name="d7e5517" id="d7e5517"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-ExprSingle" id=
"doc-core-ExprSingle"></a>[<small>23&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ExprSingle</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-core-FLWORExpr">FLWORExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-core-QuantifiedExpr">QuantifiedExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-core-TypeswitchExpr">TypeswitchExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-core-IfExpr">IfExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-core-InsertExpr">InsertExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-core-DeleteExpr">DeleteExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-core-RenameExpr">RenameExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-core-ReplaceExpr">ReplaceExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#doc-core-TransformExpr">TransformExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-core-OrExpr">OrExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-InsertExpr" id=
"doc-core-InsertExpr"></a>[<small>99&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>InsertExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"insert" "nodes" <a href=
"#doc-core-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a> <a href=
"#doc-core-InsertExprTargetChoice">InsertExprTargetChoice</a>
<a href="#doc-core-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-InsertExprTargetChoice" id=
"doc-core-InsertExprTargetChoice"></a>[<small>98&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>InsertExprTargetChoice</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(("as" ("first" | "last"))? "into")<br />
| "after"<br />
| "before"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-SourceExpr" id=
"doc-core-SourceExpr"></a>[<small>103&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SourceExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-TargetExpr" id=
"doc-core-TargetExpr"></a>[<small>104&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TargetExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-DeleteExpr" id=
"doc-core-DeleteExpr"></a>[<small>100&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DeleteExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"delete" "nodes" <a href=
"#doc-core-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-ReplaceExpr" id=
"doc-core-ReplaceExpr"></a>[<small>101&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ReplaceExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"replace" ("value" "of")? "node" <a href=
"#doc-core-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a> "with" <a href=
"#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-RenameExpr" id=
"doc-core-RenameExpr"></a>[<small>102&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>RenameExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"rename" "node" <a href=
"#doc-core-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a> "as" <a href=
"#doc-core-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-NewNameExpr" id=
"doc-core-NewNameExpr"></a>[<small>105&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NewNameExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="doc-core-TransformExpr" id=
"doc-core-TransformExpr"></a>[<small>106&#160;(Core)</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TransformExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"copy" "$" <a href="#prod-core-VarName">VarName</a> ":="
<a href="#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," "$" <a href=
"#prod-core-VarName">VarName</a> ":=" <a href=
"#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)* "modify" <a href=
"#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> "return" <a href=
"#doc-core-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<ul>
<li>
<p id="prod-core-IfExpr">The core grammar production for
<code>IfExpr</code> can be found in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p id="prod-core-OrExpr">The core grammar production for
<code>OrExpr</code> can be found in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p id="prod-core-FLWORExpr">The core grammar production for
<code>FLWORExpr</code> can be found in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p id="prod-core-QuantifiedExpr">The core grammar production for
<code>QuantifiedExpr</code> can be found in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p id="prod-core-TypeswitchExpr">The core grammar production for
<code>TypeswitchExpr</code> can be found in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p id="prod-core-VarName">The core grammar production for
<code>VarName</code> can be found in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-update-norm-prolog" id=
"id-update-norm-prolog"></a>4.4 XQuery Update Facility 1.0
Prolog</h3>
<p>In addition to the normalization rules defined in <a href=
"#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal Semantics]</a>
for the XQuery 1.0 prolog, the following normalization rules apply
to the revalidation mode setter.</p>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_normalization"
class="processing">Normalization</a></b></p>
<p>Revalidation declarations are left unchanged through
normalization.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font><em>RevalidationDecl</em><font size=
"6">]</font><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_prolog"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">PrologDecl</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">
<em>RevalidationDecl</em></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_context" class=
"processing">Static Context Processing</a></b></p>
<p>The revalidation declaration modifies the revalidation mode in
the static context.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> =
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> + <a href="#xq_revalidation_mode_env"
class="env">revalidationMode</a>( <em>RevalidationMode</em>)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>declare revalidation
<em>RevalidationMode</em> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_yields_context"
class="judgment"><b>=&gt;</b><sub><font size=
"2">stat</font></sub></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-update-norm-expr" id="id-update-norm-expr"></a>4.5
XQuery Update Facility 1.0 Expressions</h3>
<p>In addition to the normalization and static typing rules defined
in <a href="#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a> for XQuery 1.0 expressions, the normalization and
static typing rules described in this specification apply to the
expressions in the XQuery Update Facility 1.0. For each expression
except the transform expression, the final type is the empty type
which corresponds to the value being returned. In each case, the
static typing rules check that every sub-expression is well-typed,
and that the resulting value is consistent with the constraints
specific to each expression. For instance, the expression used in a
delete must return a sequence of nodes.</p>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-typing-insert" id=
"id-update-typing-insert"></a>4.5.1 Insert</h4>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_normalization"
class="processing">Normalization</a></b></p>
<p>The following normalization rules apply to insert expressions.
Note that whether the expression is written using the 'nodes' or
'node' modifier, the normalized expression always uses the 'nodes'
modifier.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font>insert (node|nodes) <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <em>InsertExprTargetChoice</em>
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size=
"6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">insert nodes <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#sec_items_to_nodes">
<em>fs:</em><code>item-sequence-to-node-sequence</code></a>(<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a>)
<em>InsertExprTargetChoice</em> <font size=
"6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>Where <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#sec_items_to_nodes">
<em>fs:</em><code>item-sequence-to-node-sequence</code></a> is the
special function used for computing element content and is defined
in <a href="#xquery-semantics">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics]</a>.</p>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_static" class=
"processing">Static Type Analysis</a></b></p>
<p>The static typing rule for insert depends on whether it is an
insert <code>into</code>, or an insert <code>before</code> or
<code>after</code>.</p>
<p>In the case of an insert <code>into</code>, the inference
depends on whether the target node is an element or a document node
(in which case it does not allow attribute nodes to be inserted).
This is expressed by the two following rules.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (attribute *)*, (element * | text
| comment | processing-instruction *)*</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (element *)?</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>insert nodes
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> ((as (first |
last))? into) <em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (element * | text | comment |
processing-instruction *)*</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> <font size=
"6">[</font>document-node()?<font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_sequencetype"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">sequencetype</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>insert nodes
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> ((as (first |
last))? into) <em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
<p>In the case of an insert <code>before</code> or
<code>after</code>, the type of the target node must be either an
element, text, comment or processing-instruction node. This is
expressed by the following rule.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (attribute *)*, (element * | text
| comment | processing-instruction *)*</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (element * | text | comment |
processing-instruction *)?</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>insert nodes
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> (after | before)
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-typing-delete" id=
"id-update-typing-delete"></a>4.5.2 Delete</h4>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_normalization"
class="processing">Normalization</a></b></p>
<p>The following normalization rule applies to delete expressions.
Note that whether the expression is written using the 'nodes' or
'node' modifier, the normalized expression always uses the 'nodes'
modifier.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font>delete (node|nodes) <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">delete nodes
<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_static" class=
"processing">Static Type Analysis</a></b></p>
<p>The static typing rule for delete is as follows.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> <font size=
"6">[</font>node()*<font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_sequencetype"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">sequencetype</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>delete (node|nodes)
<em>Expr</em> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-typing-replace" id=
"id-update-typing-replace"></a>4.5.3 Replace</h4>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_normalization"
class="processing">Normalization</a></b></p>
<p>The following normalization rules applies to replace
expressions.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font>replace node <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> with <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">replace node
<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a> with
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#sec_items_to_nodes">
<em>fs:</em><code>item-sequence-to-node-sequence</code></a>(<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a>)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>Normalization of replace value of expressions.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font>replace value of node <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> with <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">replace value of node
<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a> with
<font size="6">[</font>text { <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> }<font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_static" class=
"processing">Static Type Analysis</a></b></p>
<p>If the <code>value of</code> modifier is not specified, a
replace expression replaces one node with a new sequence of zero or
more nodes.</p>
<p>An attribute node can be replaced only by zero or more attribute
nodes.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (attribute *)?</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (attribute *)*</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>replace node
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> with
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
<p>An element, text, comment, or processing instruction node can be
replaced only by zero or more element, text, comment, or processing
instruction nodes.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (element * | text | comment |
processing-instruction *)?</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (element * | text | comment |
processing-instruction *)*</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>replace node
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> with
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
<p>If the <code>value of</code> modifier is specified, a replace
expression replaces the content of a single node, which must not be
a document node by either a single text node or empty.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (attribute *| element * | text |
comment | processing-instruction *)?</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> text?</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>replace value of node
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> with
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-typing-rename" id=
"id-update-typing-rename"></a>4.5.4 Rename</h4>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_normalization"
class="processing">Normalization</a></b></p>
<p>The following normalization rule applies to rename
expressions.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font>rename node <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> as <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">rename node
<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a> as
<code>fn:data</code>(<font size=
"6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a>)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_static" class=
"processing">Static Type Analysis</a></b></p>
<p>The target of a rename expression must be either an element,
attribute or processing-instruction, and its new name must be
either of type <code>xs:QName</code>, <code>xs:string</code>, or
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#dt-xs_untypedAtomic">
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code></a>.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (attribute *| element * |
processing-instruction *)?</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type"><em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> (<code>xs:QName</code> |
<code>xs:string</code> | <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#dt-xs_untypedAtomic">
<code>xs:untypedAtomic</code></a>)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>rename node
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> as
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <code>empty</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-typing-transform" id=
"id-update-typing-transform"></a>4.5.5 Transform</h4>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_normalization"
class="processing">Normalization</a></b></p>
<p>The following normalization rule applies to transform
expressions.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;"><font size=
"6">[</font>
<table summary="">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>copy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;<em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
:= <em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;<em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub>
:= <em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;modify <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">0</font></sub> return <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">r</font></sub></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>==</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" style="margin-right:1cm;">
<table summary="">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>copy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;<em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
:= <font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;<em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub>
:= <font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">n</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;modify <font size=
"6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">0</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a> return
<font size="6">[</font><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">r</font></sub><font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_expr"
class="judgment"><sub><font size="2">Expr</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p><b><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/#processing_static" class=
"processing">Static Type Analysis</a></b></p>
<p>The transform expression is type checked using the following
inference rule.</p>
<div align="center">
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a>
<b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> <font size=
"6">[</font>node()<font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_sequencetype"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">sequencetype</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class=
"env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_var_qname_expands_to"
class="judgment"><b>of var expands to</b></a>
<em>Variable</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub> =
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> + <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_type_env"
class="env">varType</a>(<em>Variable</em><sub><font size=
"2">1</font></sub> =&gt; <font size="6">[</font>node()<font size=
"6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_sequencetype"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">sequencetype</font></sub></a>)</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>...</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size=
"2">n-1</font></sub><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size=
"2">n-1</font></sub><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_subtype_of"
class="judgment"><b>&lt;:</b></a> <font size=
"6">[</font>node()<font size="6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_sequencetype"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">sequencetype</font></sub></a></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class=
"env">statEnv</a><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b><em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub>
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_var_qname_expands_to"
class="judgment"><b>of var expands to</b></a>
<em>Variable</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub> =
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size="2">n-1</font></sub> +
<a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_type_env"
class="env">varType</a>(<em>Variable</em><sub><font size=
"2">n</font></sub> =&gt; <font size="6">[</font>node()<font size=
"6">]</font><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_map_sequencetype"
class="judgment"><sub><font size=
"2">sequencetype</font></sub></a>)</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size=
"2">n</font></sub><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">0</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">0</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a><sub><font size=
"2">n</font></sub><b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>
<em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">r</font></sub> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">r</font></sub></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr style="color:black" size="1" noshade="noshade" /></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td>
<table summary="" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr align="center" valign="middle">
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#xq_stat_env_def"
class="env">statEnv</a> <b>&#160;|-&#160;</b>
<table summary="">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>copy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;<em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub>
:= <em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">1</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;...</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;<em>VarName</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub>
:= <em>Expr</em><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;&#160;modify <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">0</font></sub> return <em>Expr</em><sub><font size=
"2">r</font></sub></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#jd_has_type"
class="judgment"><b>:</b></a> <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/#doc-fs-Type">
<em>Type</em></a><sub><font size="2">r</font></sub></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-typing-examples" id=
"id-update-typing-examples"></a>4.5.6 Examples</h4>
<p><b>Examples</b></p>
<p>Here are a few example queries and their corresponding static
typing. In each case, if the query passes static typing, its static
type is the empty type.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>insert node &lt;x/&gt; into &lt;a/&gt;</code></p>
<p>Passes static typing</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insert node 1 into &lt;a/&gt;</code></p>
<p>Passes static typing</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insert node 1 into (&lt;a/&gt;,&lt;a/&gt;)</code></p>
<p>Fails static typing because the target expression does not
return a single node</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insert node (element a {()}, attribute b {()}) into
&lt;doc/&gt;</code></p>
<p>Fails static typing because the attribute node is not at the
head of the insertion list</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insert node &lt;x/&gt; into //a</code></p>
<p>Fails static typing because the target expression must not
return a single node (assuming the schema allows <code>//a</code>
to return multiple <code>a</code> elements)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>rename node &lt;a/&gt; as "b"</code></p>
<p>Passes static typing</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>rename node &lt;a/&gt; as 1</code></p>
<p>Fails static typing because the new name does not have one of
the permissible types</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-xquery-update-conformance" id=
"id-xquery-update-conformance"></a>5 Conformance</h2>
<p>This section defines the conformance criteria for an XQuery
processor. In this section, the following terms are used to
indicate the requirement levels defined in <a href="#RFC2119">[RFC
2119]</a>. [<a name="must" id="must" title="must">Definition</a>:
<b>MUST</b> means that the item is an absolute requirement of the
specification.] [<a name="may" id="may" title="may">Definition</a>:
<b>MAY</b> means that an item is truly optional.] [<a name="should"
id="should" title="should">Definition</a>: <b>SHOULD</b> means that
there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore
a particular item, but the full implications must be understood and
carefully weighed before choosing a different course.]</p>
<p>An XQuery processor that claims to conform to this specification
<a title="must" href="#must">MUST</a> include a claim of Minimal
Conformance as defined in <a href="#id-minimal-conformance"><b>[5.1
Minimal Conformance]</b></a>. In addition to a claim of Minimal
Conformance, it <a title="may" href="#may">MAY</a> claim
conformance to one or more optional features defined in <a href=
"#id-conform-optional-features"><b>[5.2 Optional
Features]</b></a>.</p>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-minimal-conformance" id=
"id-minimal-conformance"></a>5.1 Minimal Conformance</h3>
<p>Minimal Conformance to this specification <a title="must" href=
"#must">MUST</a> include all of the following items:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>Minimal Conformance to <a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for everything specified in this document except those
features specified in <a href=
"#id-conform-optional-features"><b>[5.2 Optional Features]</b></a>
to be optional and <a href="#id-xquf-xqueryx"><b>[E XML Syntax
(XQueryX) for XQuery Update Facility 1.0]</b></a>. If an
implementation does not provide a given optional feature, it
<a title="must" href="#must">MUST</a> implement any requirements
specified in <a href="#id-conform-optional-features"><b>[5.2
Optional Features]</b></a> for implementations that do not provide
that feature.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A definition of every item specified to be
implementation-defined, unless that item is part of an optional
feature that is not supported by the implementation. A list of
implementation-defined items can be found in <a href=
"#id-impl-defs"><b>[B Implementation-Defined Items]</b></a>.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>Implementations are not required to define items specified to be
implementation-dependent.</p>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-conform-optional-features" id=
"id-conform-optional-features"></a>5.2 Optional Features</h3>
<p>An implementation of XQuery that includes the Update Facility
<a title="may" href="#may">MAY</a> also support the Optional
Features of <a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>. These are Schema
Import Feature, Schema Validation Feature, Static Typing Feature,
Full Axis Feature, Module Feature, and Serialization Feature.</p>
<p>If an implementation claims support of the Static Typing
Feature, then it <a title="may" href="#may">MAY</a> also claim
support of the Update Facility Static Typing Feature.</p>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-update-facility-static-typing-feature" id=
"id-update-facility-static-typing-feature"></a>5.2.1 Update
Facility Static Typing Feature</h4>
<p>[<a name="upd-static-typing-feature" id=
"upd-static-typing-feature" title=
"static typing feature">Definition</a>: The <b>Update Facility
Static Typing Feature</b> provides support for the static semantics
defined in <a href="#id-update-static"><b>[4 Static Typing
Feature]</b></a>, and requires implementations to detect and report
type errors during the static analysis phase.]</p>
<p>If an implementation does not support the <a title=
"static typing feature" href="#upd-static-typing-feature">Update
Static Typing Feature</a>, but can nevertheless determine during
the static analysis phase that an expression, if evaluated, will
necessarily raise a type error at run time, the implementation
<a title="may" href="#may">MAY</a> raise that error during the
static analysis phase. The choice of whether to raise such an error
at analysis time is implementation-dependent.</p>
<div class="note">
<p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p>
<p>An implementation that does not support the <a title=
"static typing feature" href="#upd-static-typing-feature">Update
Static Typing Feature</a> is not required to raise type errors
during the static analysis phase; however, it <a title="must" href=
"#must">MUST</a> detect and raise non-type-related static errors
during the static analysis phase.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-xqueryx-update-conformance" id=
"id-xqueryx-update-conformance"></a>6 XQueryX Conformance</h2>
<p>This section defines the conformance criteria for an XQueryX
processor that includes the Update Facility.</p>
<p>In this section, the terms <a title="must" href=
"#must">MUST</a>, <a title="may" href="#may">MAY</a>, and <a title=
"should" href="#should">SHOULD</a> are used as defined in <a href=
"#id-xquery-update-conformance"><b>[5 Conformance]</b></a>.</p>
<p>An XQueryX processor that claims to conform to this
specification <a title="must" href="#must">MUST</a> implement the
XQueryX syntax as defined in <a href="#id-xquf-xqueryx"><b>[E XML
Syntax (XQueryX) for XQuery Update Facility 1.0]</b></a> and
include a claim of Minimal Conformance as defined in <a href=
"#id-minimal-conformance"><b>[5.1 Minimal Conformance]</b></a>. In
addition to a claim of Minimal Conformance, it <a title="may" href=
"#may">MAY</a> claim conformance to one or more optional features
defined in <a href="#id-conform-optional-features"><b>[5.2 Optional
Features]</b></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="back">
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-grammar" id="id-grammar"></a>A EBNF for XQuery 1.0
Grammar with Update extensions</h2>
<p>The EBNF in this document and in this section is aligned with
the current XML Query 1.0 grammar (see <a href="#xquery">[XQuery
1.0]</a>).</p>
<h5><a name="d7e7515" id="d7e7515"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Module" id=
"prod-xquery-Module"></a>[<small>1</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Module</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-VersionDecl">VersionDecl</a>?
(<a href="#prod-xquery-LibraryModule">LibraryModule</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-MainModule">MainModule</a>)</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-VersionDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-VersionDecl"></a>[<small>2</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>VersionDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"xquery" "version" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-StringLiteral">StringLiteral</a> ("encoding" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-StringLiteral">StringLiteral</a>)? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Separator">Separator</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-MainModule" id=
"prod-xquery-MainModule"></a>[<small>3</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>MainModule</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Prolog">Prolog</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-QueryBody">QueryBody</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-LibraryModule" id=
"prod-xquery-LibraryModule"></a>[<small>4</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>LibraryModule</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ModuleDecl">ModuleDecl</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Prolog">Prolog</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ModuleDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-ModuleDecl"></a>[<small>5</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ModuleDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"module" "namespace" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a> "=" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Separator">Separator</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Prolog" id=
"prod-xquery-Prolog"></a>[<small>6</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Prolog</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>((<a href=
"#prod-xquery-DefaultNamespaceDecl">DefaultNamespaceDecl</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-Setter">Setter</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NamespaceDecl">NamespaceDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Import">Import</a>) <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Separator">Separator</a>)* ((<a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarDecl">VarDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-FunctionDecl">FunctionDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OptionDecl">OptionDecl</a>) <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Separator">Separator</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Setter" id=
"prod-xquery-Setter"></a>[<small>7</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-Setter"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-Setter">Setter</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-BoundarySpaceDecl">BoundarySpaceDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DefaultCollationDecl">DefaultCollationDecl</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-BaseURIDecl">BaseURIDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ConstructionDecl">ConstructionDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OrderingModeDecl">OrderingModeDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-EmptyOrderDecl">EmptyOrderDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-RevalidationDecl">RevalidationDecl</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CopyNamespacesDecl">CopyNamespacesDecl</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Import" id=
"prod-xquery-Import"></a>[<small>8</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Import</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-SchemaImport">SchemaImport</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-ModuleImport">ModuleImport</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Separator" id=
"prod-xquery-Separator"></a>[<small>9</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Separator</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>";"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NamespaceDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-NamespaceDecl"></a>[<small>10</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NamespaceDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "namespace" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a> "=" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-BoundarySpaceDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-BoundarySpaceDecl"></a>[<small>11</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>BoundarySpaceDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "boundary-space" ("preserve" |
"strip")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DefaultNamespaceDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-DefaultNamespaceDecl"></a>[<small>12</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DefaultNamespaceDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "default" ("element" | "function") "namespace"
<a href="#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OptionDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-OptionDecl"></a>[<small>13</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OptionDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "option" <a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-StringLiteral">StringLiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrderingModeDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-OrderingModeDecl"></a>[<small>14</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrderingModeDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "ordering" ("ordered" |
"unordered")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-EmptyOrderDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-EmptyOrderDecl"></a>[<small>15</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>EmptyOrderDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "default" "order" "empty" ("greatest" |
"least")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CopyNamespacesDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-CopyNamespacesDecl"></a>[<small>16</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CopyNamespacesDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "copy-namespaces" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-PreserveMode">PreserveMode</a> "," <a href=
"#prod-xquery-InheritMode">InheritMode</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PreserveMode" id=
"prod-xquery-PreserveMode"></a>[<small>17</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PreserveMode</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"preserve" | "no-preserve"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-InheritMode" id=
"prod-xquery-InheritMode"></a>[<small>18</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>InheritMode</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"inherit" | "no-inherit"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DefaultCollationDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-DefaultCollationDecl"></a>[<small>19</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DefaultCollationDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "default" "collation" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-BaseURIDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-BaseURIDecl"></a>[<small>20</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>BaseURIDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "base-uri" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SchemaImport" id=
"prod-xquery-SchemaImport"></a>[<small>21</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SchemaImport</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"import" "schema" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SchemaPrefix">SchemaPrefix</a>? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a> ("at" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a> ("," <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a>)*)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SchemaPrefix" id=
"prod-xquery-SchemaPrefix"></a>[<small>22</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SchemaPrefix</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("namespace" <a href="#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a>
"=") | ("default" "element" "namespace")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ModuleImport" id=
"prod-xquery-ModuleImport"></a>[<small>23</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ModuleImport</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"import" "module" ("namespace" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a> "=")? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a> ("at" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a> ("," <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a>)*)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-VarDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-VarDecl"></a>[<small>24</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>VarDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "variable" "$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>? ((":=" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>) | "external")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ConstructionDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-ConstructionDecl"></a>[<small>25</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ConstructionDecl</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "construction" ("strip" |
"preserve")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-FunctionDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-FunctionDecl"></a>[<small>26</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-FunctionDecl"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-FunctionDecl">FunctionDecl</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "updating"? "function" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> "(" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ParamList">ParamList</a>? ")" ("as" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SequenceType">SequenceType</a>)? (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-EnclosedExpr">EnclosedExpr</a> |
"external")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ParamList" id=
"prod-xquery-ParamList"></a>[<small>27</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ParamList</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Param">Param</a> ("," <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Param">Param</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Param" id=
"prod-xquery-Param"></a>[<small>28</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Param</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"$" <a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-EnclosedExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-EnclosedExpr"></a>[<small>29</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>EnclosedExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> "}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-QueryBody" id=
"prod-xquery-QueryBody"></a>[<small>30</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>QueryBody</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Expr" id=
"prod-xquery-Expr"></a>[<small>31</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Expr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> (","
<a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ExprSingle" id=
"prod-xquery-ExprSingle"></a>[<small>32</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-ExprSingle"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-FLWORExpr">FLWORExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-QuantifiedExpr">QuantifiedExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-TypeswitchExpr">TypeswitchExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-IfExpr">IfExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-InsertExpr">InsertExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-DeleteExpr">DeleteExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-RenameExpr">RenameExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-ReplaceExpr">ReplaceExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-TransformExpr">TransformExpr</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-OrExpr">OrExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-FLWORExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-FLWORExpr"></a>[<small>33</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>FLWORExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-ForClause">ForClause</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-LetClause">LetClause</a>)+ <a href=
"#prod-xquery-WhereClause">WhereClause</a>? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OrderByClause">OrderByClause</a>? "return" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ForClause" id=
"prod-xquery-ForClause"></a>[<small>34</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ForClause</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"for" "$" <a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>?
<a href="#prod-xquery-PositionalVar">PositionalVar</a>? "in"
<a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," "$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-PositionalVar">PositionalVar</a>? "in" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PositionalVar" id=
"prod-xquery-PositionalVar"></a>[<small>35</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PositionalVar</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"at" "$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-LetClause" id=
"prod-xquery-LetClause"></a>[<small>36</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>LetClause</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"let" "$" <a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>? ":="
<a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," "$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>? ":=" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-WhereClause" id=
"prod-xquery-WhereClause"></a>[<small>37</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>WhereClause</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"where" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrderByClause" id=
"prod-xquery-OrderByClause"></a>[<small>38</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrderByClause</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(("order" "by") | ("stable" "order" "by")) <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OrderSpecList">OrderSpecList</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrderSpecList" id=
"prod-xquery-OrderSpecList"></a>[<small>39</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrderSpecList</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-OrderSpec">OrderSpec</a> (","
<a href="#prod-xquery-OrderSpec">OrderSpec</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrderSpec" id=
"prod-xquery-OrderSpec"></a>[<small>40</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrderSpec</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OrderModifier">OrderModifier</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrderModifier" id=
"prod-xquery-OrderModifier"></a>[<small>41</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrderModifier</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("ascending" | "descending")? ("empty" ("greatest" |
"least"))? ("collation" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-URILiteral">URILiteral</a>)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-QuantifiedExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-QuantifiedExpr"></a>[<small>42</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>QuantifiedExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("some" | "every") "$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>? "in" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," "$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration">TypeDeclaration</a>? "in" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)* "satisfies" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TypeswitchExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-TypeswitchExpr"></a>[<small>43</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TypeswitchExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"typeswitch" "(" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> ")"
<a href="#prod-xquery-CaseClause">CaseClause</a>+ "default" ("$"
<a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a>)? "return" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CaseClause" id=
"prod-xquery-CaseClause"></a>[<small>44</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CaseClause</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"case" ("$" <a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a>
"as")? <a href="#prod-xquery-SequenceType">SequenceType</a>
"return" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-IfExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-IfExpr"></a>[<small>45</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>IfExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"if" "(" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> ")" "then"
<a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> "else" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-OrExpr"></a>[<small>46</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-AndExpr">AndExpr</a> ( "or"
<a href="#prod-xquery-AndExpr">AndExpr</a> )*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AndExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-AndExpr"></a>[<small>47</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AndExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ComparisonExpr">ComparisonExpr</a>
( "and" <a href="#prod-xquery-ComparisonExpr">ComparisonExpr</a>
)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ComparisonExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ComparisonExpr"></a>[<small>48</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ComparisonExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-RangeExpr">RangeExpr</a> (
(<a href="#prod-xquery-ValueComp">ValueComp</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-GeneralComp">GeneralComp</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-NodeComp">NodeComp</a>) <a href=
"#prod-xquery-RangeExpr">RangeExpr</a> )?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-RangeExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-RangeExpr"></a>[<small>49</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>RangeExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-AdditiveExpr">AdditiveExpr</a> (
"to" <a href="#prod-xquery-AdditiveExpr">AdditiveExpr</a>
)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AdditiveExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-AdditiveExpr"></a>[<small>50</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AdditiveExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-MultiplicativeExpr">MultiplicativeExpr</a> ( ("+" |
"-") <a href=
"#prod-xquery-MultiplicativeExpr">MultiplicativeExpr</a>
)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-MultiplicativeExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-MultiplicativeExpr"></a>[<small>51</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>MultiplicativeExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-UnionExpr">UnionExpr</a> ( ("*" |
"div" | "idiv" | "mod") <a href=
"#prod-xquery-UnionExpr">UnionExpr</a> )*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-UnionExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-UnionExpr"></a>[<small>52</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>UnionExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-IntersectExceptExpr">IntersectExceptExpr</a> (
("union" | "|") <a href=
"#prod-xquery-IntersectExceptExpr">IntersectExceptExpr</a>
)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-IntersectExceptExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-IntersectExceptExpr"></a>[<small>53</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>IntersectExceptExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-InstanceofExpr">InstanceofExpr</a>
( ("intersect" | "except") <a href=
"#prod-xquery-InstanceofExpr">InstanceofExpr</a> )*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-InstanceofExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-InstanceofExpr"></a>[<small>54</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>InstanceofExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-TreatExpr">TreatExpr</a> (
"instance" "of" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SequenceType">SequenceType</a> )?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TreatExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-TreatExpr"></a>[<small>55</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TreatExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-CastableExpr">CastableExpr</a> (
"treat" "as" <a href="#prod-xquery-SequenceType">SequenceType</a>
)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CastableExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-CastableExpr"></a>[<small>56</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CastableExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-CastExpr">CastExpr</a> ( "castable"
"as" <a href="#prod-xquery-SingleType">SingleType</a>
)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CastExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-CastExpr"></a>[<small>57</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CastExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-UnaryExpr">UnaryExpr</a> ( "cast"
"as" <a href="#prod-xquery-SingleType">SingleType</a>
)?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-UnaryExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-UnaryExpr"></a>[<small>58</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>UnaryExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("-" | "+")* <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ValueExpr">ValueExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ValueExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ValueExpr"></a>[<small>59</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ValueExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ValidateExpr">ValidateExpr</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-PathExpr">PathExpr</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExtensionExpr">ExtensionExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-GeneralComp" id=
"prod-xquery-GeneralComp"></a>[<small>60</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>GeneralComp</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"=" | "!=" | "&lt;" | "&lt;=" | "&gt;" |
"&gt;="</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ValueComp" id=
"prod-xquery-ValueComp"></a>[<small>61</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ValueComp</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"eq" | "ne" | "lt" | "le" | "gt" | "ge"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NodeComp" id=
"prod-xquery-NodeComp"></a>[<small>62</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NodeComp</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"is" | "&lt;&lt;" | "&gt;&gt;"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ValidateExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ValidateExpr"></a>[<small>63</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ValidateExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"validate" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ValidationMode">ValidationMode</a>? "{" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> "}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ValidationMode" id=
"prod-xquery-ValidationMode"></a>[<small>64</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ValidationMode</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"lax" | "strict"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ExtensionExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ExtensionExpr"></a>[<small>65</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ExtensionExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Pragma">Pragma</a>+ "{" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>? "}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Pragma" id=
"prod-xquery-Pragma"></a>[<small>66</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Pragma</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"(#" <a href="#prod-xquery-S">S</a>? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> (<a href="#prod-xquery-S">S</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-PragmaContents">PragmaContents</a>)?
"#)"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PragmaContents" id=
"prod-xquery-PragmaContents"></a>[<small>67</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PragmaContents</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a>* - (Char* '#)'
Char*))</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PathExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-PathExpr"></a>[<small>68</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PathExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("/" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-RelativePathExpr">RelativePathExpr</a>?)<br />
| ("//" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-RelativePathExpr">RelativePathExpr</a>)<br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-RelativePathExpr">RelativePathExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-RelativePathExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-RelativePathExpr"></a>[<small>69</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>RelativePathExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-StepExpr">StepExpr</a> (("/" |
"//") <a href="#prod-xquery-StepExpr">StepExpr</a>)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-StepExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-StepExpr"></a>[<small>70</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>StepExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-FilterExpr">FilterExpr</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-AxisStep">AxisStep</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AxisStep" id=
"prod-xquery-AxisStep"></a>[<small>71</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AxisStep</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-ReverseStep">ReverseStep</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-ForwardStep">ForwardStep</a>) <a href=
"#prod-xquery-PredicateList">PredicateList</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ForwardStep" id=
"prod-xquery-ForwardStep"></a>[<small>72</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ForwardStep</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-ForwardAxis">ForwardAxis</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-NodeTest">NodeTest</a>) | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-AbbrevForwardStep">AbbrevForwardStep</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ForwardAxis" id=
"prod-xquery-ForwardAxis"></a>[<small>73</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ForwardAxis</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("child" "::")<br />
| ("descendant" "::")<br />
| ("attribute" "::")<br />
| ("self" "::")<br />
| ("descendant-or-self" "::")<br />
| ("following-sibling" "::")<br />
| ("following" "::")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AbbrevForwardStep" id=
"prod-xquery-AbbrevForwardStep"></a>[<small>74</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AbbrevForwardStep</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"@"? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NodeTest">NodeTest</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ReverseStep" id=
"prod-xquery-ReverseStep"></a>[<small>75</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ReverseStep</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-ReverseAxis">ReverseAxis</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-NodeTest">NodeTest</a>) | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-AbbrevReverseStep">AbbrevReverseStep</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ReverseAxis" id=
"prod-xquery-ReverseAxis"></a>[<small>76</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ReverseAxis</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("parent" "::")<br />
| ("ancestor" "::")<br />
| ("preceding-sibling" "::")<br />
| ("preceding" "::")<br />
| ("ancestor-or-self" "::")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AbbrevReverseStep" id=
"prod-xquery-AbbrevReverseStep"></a>[<small>77</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AbbrevReverseStep</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>".."</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NodeTest" id=
"prod-xquery-NodeTest"></a>[<small>78</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NodeTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-KindTest">KindTest</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NameTest">NameTest</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NameTest" id=
"prod-xquery-NameTest"></a>[<small>79</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NameTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Wildcard">Wildcard</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Wildcard" id=
"prod-xquery-Wildcard"></a>[<small>80</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Wildcard</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"*"<br />
| (<a href="#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a> ":" "*")<br />
| ("*" ":" <a href="#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a>)</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-FilterExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-FilterExpr"></a>[<small>81</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>FilterExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-PrimaryExpr">PrimaryExpr</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-PredicateList">PredicateList</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PredicateList" id=
"prod-xquery-PredicateList"></a>[<small>82</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PredicateList</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-Predicate">Predicate</a>*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Predicate" id=
"prod-xquery-Predicate"></a>[<small>83</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Predicate</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"[" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> "]"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PrimaryExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-PrimaryExpr"></a>[<small>84</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PrimaryExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Literal">Literal</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarRef">VarRef</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ParenthesizedExpr">ParenthesizedExpr</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ContextItemExpr">ContextItemExpr</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-FunctionCall">FunctionCall</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OrderedExpr">OrderedExpr</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-UnorderedExpr">UnorderedExpr</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Constructor">Constructor</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Literal" id=
"prod-xquery-Literal"></a>[<small>85</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Literal</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-NumericLiteral">NumericLiteral</a>
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-StringLiteral">StringLiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NumericLiteral" id=
"prod-xquery-NumericLiteral"></a>[<small>86</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NumericLiteral</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-IntegerLiteral">IntegerLiteral</a>
| <a href="#prod-xquery-DecimalLiteral">DecimalLiteral</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-DoubleLiteral">DoubleLiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-VarRef" id=
"prod-xquery-VarRef"></a>[<small>87</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>VarRef</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"$" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-VarName" id=
"prod-xquery-VarName"></a>[<small>88</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>VarName</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ParenthesizedExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ParenthesizedExpr"></a>[<small>89</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ParenthesizedExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"(" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>? ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ContextItemExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ContextItemExpr"></a>[<small>90</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ContextItemExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"."</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OrderedExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-OrderedExpr"></a>[<small>91</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OrderedExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"ordered" "{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>
"}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-UnorderedExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-UnorderedExpr"></a>[<small>92</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>UnorderedExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"unordered" "{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>
"}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-FunctionCall" id=
"prod-xquery-FunctionCall"></a>[<small>93</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>FunctionCall</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> "(" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)*)? ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Constructor" id=
"prod-xquery-Constructor"></a>[<small>94</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Constructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirectConstructor">DirectConstructor</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ComputedConstructor">ComputedConstructor</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirectConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-DirectConstructor"></a>[<small>95</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirectConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirElemConstructor">DirElemConstructor</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirCommentConstructor">DirCommentConstructor</a><br />

| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirPIConstructor">DirPIConstructor</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirElemConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-DirElemConstructor"></a>[<small>96</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirElemConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"&lt;" <a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirAttributeList">DirAttributeList</a> ("/&gt;" |
("&gt;" <a href="#prod-xquery-DirElemContent">DirElemContent</a>*
"&lt;/" <a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-S">S</a>? "&gt;"))</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirAttributeList" id=
"prod-xquery-DirAttributeList"></a>[<small>97</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirAttributeList</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-S">S</a> (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> <a href="#prod-xquery-S">S</a>? "="
<a href="#prod-xquery-S">S</a>? <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirAttributeValue">DirAttributeValue</a>)?)*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirAttributeValue" id=
"prod-xquery-DirAttributeValue"></a>[<small>98</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirAttributeValue</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>('"' (<a href="#prod-xquery-EscapeQuot">EscapeQuot</a> |
<a href=
"#prod-xquery-QuotAttrValueContent">QuotAttrValueContent</a>)*
'"')<br />
| ("'" (<a href="#prod-xquery-EscapeApos">EscapeApos</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-AposAttrValueContent">AposAttrValueContent</a>)*
"'")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-QuotAttrValueContent" id=
"prod-xquery-QuotAttrValueContent"></a>[<small>99</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>QuotAttrValueContent</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-QuotAttrContentChar">QuotAttrContentChar</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CommonContent">CommonContent</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AposAttrValueContent" id=
"prod-xquery-AposAttrValueContent"></a>[<small>100</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AposAttrValueContent</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-AposAttrContentChar">AposAttrContentChar</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CommonContent">CommonContent</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirElemContent" id=
"prod-xquery-DirElemContent"></a>[<small>101</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirElemContent</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirectConstructor">DirectConstructor</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-CDataSection">CDataSection</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-CommonContent">CommonContent</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ElementContentChar">ElementContentChar</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CommonContent" id=
"prod-xquery-CommonContent"></a>[<small>102</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CommonContent</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-PredefinedEntityRef">PredefinedEntityRef</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-CharRef">CharRef</a> | "{{" | "}}" | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-EnclosedExpr">EnclosedExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirCommentConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-DirCommentConstructor"></a>[<small>103</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirCommentConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"&lt;!--" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirCommentContents">DirCommentContents</a>
"--&gt;"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirCommentContents" id=
"prod-xquery-DirCommentContents"></a>[<small>104</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirCommentContents</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>((<a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a> - '-') | ('-'
(<a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a> - '-')))*</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirPIConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-DirPIConstructor"></a>[<small>105</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirPIConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"&lt;?" <a href="#prod-xquery-PITarget">PITarget</a>
(<a href="#prod-xquery-S">S</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-DirPIContents">DirPIContents</a>)?
"?&gt;"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DirPIContents" id=
"prod-xquery-DirPIContents"></a>[<small>106</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DirPIContents</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a>* - (Char* '?&gt;'
Char*))</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CDataSection" id=
"prod-xquery-CDataSection"></a>[<small>107</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CDataSection</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"&lt;![CDATA[" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CDataSectionContents">CDataSectionContents</a>
"]]&gt;"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CDataSectionContents" id=
"prod-xquery-CDataSectionContents"></a>[<small>108</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CDataSectionContents</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a>* - (Char* ']]&gt;'
Char*))</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ComputedConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-ComputedConstructor"></a>[<small>109</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ComputedConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-CompDocConstructor">CompDocConstructor</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CompElemConstructor">CompElemConstructor</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CompAttrConstructor">CompAttrConstructor</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CompTextConstructor">CompTextConstructor</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CompCommentConstructor">CompCommentConstructor</a><br />

| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-CompPIConstructor">CompPIConstructor</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CompDocConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-CompDocConstructor"></a>[<small>110</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CompDocConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"document" "{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>
"}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CompElemConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-CompElemConstructor"></a>[<small>111</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CompElemConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"element" (<a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> | ("{"
<a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> "}")) "{" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ContentExpr">ContentExpr</a>? "}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ContentExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ContentExpr"></a>[<small>112</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ContentExpr</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CompAttrConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-CompAttrConstructor"></a>[<small>113</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CompAttrConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"attribute" (<a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a> |
("{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> "}")) "{" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>? "}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CompTextConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-CompTextConstructor"></a>[<small>114</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CompTextConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"text" "{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>
"}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CompCommentConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-CompCommentConstructor"></a>[<small>115</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CompCommentConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"comment" "{" <a href="#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>
"}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CompPIConstructor" id=
"prod-xquery-CompPIConstructor"></a>[<small>116</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CompPIConstructor</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"processing-instruction" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a> | ("{" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a> "}")) "{" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Expr">Expr</a>? "}"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SingleType" id=
"prod-xquery-SingleType"></a>[<small>117</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SingleType</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-AtomicType">AtomicType</a>
"?"?</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration" id=
"prod-xquery-TypeDeclaration"></a>[<small>118</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TypeDeclaration</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"as" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SequenceType">SequenceType</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SequenceType" id=
"prod-xquery-SequenceType"></a>[<small>119</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SequenceType</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("empty-sequence" "(" ")")<br />
| (<a href="#prod-xquery-ItemType">ItemType</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-OccurrenceIndicator">OccurrenceIndicator</a>?)</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-OccurrenceIndicator" id=
"prod-xquery-OccurrenceIndicator"></a>[<small>120</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>OccurrenceIndicator</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"?" | "*" | "+"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ItemType" id=
"prod-xquery-ItemType"></a>[<small>121</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ItemType</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-KindTest">KindTest</a> | ("item"
"(" ")") | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-AtomicType">AtomicType</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AtomicType" id=
"prod-xquery-AtomicType"></a>[<small>122</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AtomicType</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-KindTest" id=
"prod-xquery-KindTest"></a>[<small>123</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>KindTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-DocumentTest">DocumentTest</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-ElementTest">ElementTest</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-AttributeTest">AttributeTest</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SchemaElementTest">SchemaElementTest</a><br />
| <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SchemaAttributeTest">SchemaAttributeTest</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-PITest">PITest</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-CommentTest">CommentTest</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-TextTest">TextTest</a><br />
| <a href="#prod-xquery-AnyKindTest">AnyKindTest</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AnyKindTest" id=
"prod-xquery-AnyKindTest"></a>[<small>124</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AnyKindTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"node" "(" ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DocumentTest" id=
"prod-xquery-DocumentTest"></a>[<small>125</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DocumentTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"document-node" "(" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-ElementTest">ElementTest</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SchemaElementTest">SchemaElementTest</a>)?
")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TextTest" id=
"prod-xquery-TextTest"></a>[<small>126</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TextTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"text" "(" ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CommentTest" id=
"prod-xquery-CommentTest"></a>[<small>127</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CommentTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"comment" "(" ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PITest" id=
"prod-xquery-PITest"></a>[<small>128</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PITest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"processing-instruction" "(" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-NCName">NCName</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-StringLiteral">StringLiteral</a>)? ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AttributeTest" id=
"prod-xquery-AttributeTest"></a>[<small>129</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AttributeTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"attribute" "(" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-AttribNameOrWildcard">AttribNameOrWildcard</a> (","
<a href="#prod-xquery-TypeName">TypeName</a>)?)? ")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AttribNameOrWildcard" id=
"prod-xquery-AttribNameOrWildcard"></a>[<small>130</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AttribNameOrWildcard</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-AttributeName">AttributeName</a> |
"*"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SchemaAttributeTest" id=
"prod-xquery-SchemaAttributeTest"></a>[<small>131</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SchemaAttributeTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"schema-attribute" "(" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-AttributeDeclaration">AttributeDeclaration</a>
")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AttributeDeclaration" id=
"prod-xquery-AttributeDeclaration"></a>[<small>132</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AttributeDeclaration</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-AttributeName">AttributeName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ElementTest" id=
"prod-xquery-ElementTest"></a>[<small>133</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ElementTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"element" "(" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-ElementNameOrWildcard">ElementNameOrWildcard</a> (","
<a href="#prod-xquery-TypeName">TypeName</a> "?"?)?)?
")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ElementNameOrWildcard" id=
"prod-xquery-ElementNameOrWildcard"></a>[<small>134</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ElementNameOrWildcard</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-ElementName">ElementName</a> |
"*"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SchemaElementTest" id=
"prod-xquery-SchemaElementTest"></a>[<small>135</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>SchemaElementTest</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"schema-element" "(" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ElementDeclaration">ElementDeclaration</a>
")"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ElementDeclaration" id=
"prod-xquery-ElementDeclaration"></a>[<small>136</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ElementDeclaration</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-ElementName">ElementName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AttributeName" id=
"prod-xquery-AttributeName"></a>[<small>137</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AttributeName</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ElementName" id=
"prod-xquery-ElementName"></a>[<small>138</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ElementName</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TypeName" id=
"prod-xquery-TypeName"></a>[<small>139</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>TypeName</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-QName">QName</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-URILiteral" id=
"prod-xquery-URILiteral"></a>[<small>140</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>URILiteral</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-StringLiteral">StringLiteral</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-RevalidationDecl" id=
"prod-xquery-RevalidationDecl"></a>[<small>141</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-RevalidationDecl"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-RevalidationDecl">RevalidationDecl</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"declare" "revalidation" ("strict" | "lax" |
"skip")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice" id=
"prod-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice"></a>[<small>142</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice">InsertExprTargetChoice</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(("as" ("first" | "last"))? "into")<br />
| "after"<br />
| "before"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-InsertExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-InsertExpr"></a>[<small>143</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-InsertExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-InsertExpr">InsertExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"insert" ("node" | "nodes") <a href=
"#prod-xquery-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a> <a href=
"#prod-xquery-InsertExprTargetChoice">InsertExprTargetChoice</a>
<a href="#prod-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DeleteExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-DeleteExpr"></a>[<small>144</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-DeleteExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-DeleteExpr">DeleteExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"delete" ("node" | "nodes") <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ReplaceExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-ReplaceExpr"></a>[<small>145</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-ReplaceExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-ReplaceExpr">ReplaceExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"replace" ("value" "of")? "node" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a> "with" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-RenameExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-RenameExpr"></a>[<small>146</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-RenameExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-RenameExpr">RenameExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"rename" "node" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a> "as" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-SourceExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-SourceExpr"></a>[<small>147</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-SourceExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-SourceExpr">SourceExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TargetExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-TargetExpr"></a>[<small>148</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-TargetExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-TargetExpr">TargetExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NewNameExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-NewNameExpr"></a>[<small>149</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-NewNameExpr">NewNameExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-TransformExpr" id=
"prod-xquery-TransformExpr"></a>[<small>150</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#doc-xquery-TransformExpr"></a><a href=
"#doc-xquery-TransformExpr">TransformExpr</a></code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"copy" "$" <a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a>
":=" <a href="#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> ("," "$"
<a href="#prod-xquery-VarName">VarName</a> ":=" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a>)* "modify" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a> "return" <a href=
"#prod-xquery-ExprSingle">ExprSingle</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-terminal-symbols" id="id-terminal-symbols"></a>A.1
Terminal Symbols</h3>
<h5><a name="d7e9248" id="d7e9248"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-IntegerLiteral" id=
"prod-xquery-IntegerLiteral"></a>[<small>151</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>IntegerLiteral</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Digits">Digits</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DecimalLiteral" id=
"prod-xquery-DecimalLiteral"></a>[<small>152</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DecimalLiteral</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>("." <a href="#prod-xquery-Digits">Digits</a>) |
(<a href="#prod-xquery-Digits">Digits</a> "." [0-9]*)</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-DoubleLiteral" id=
"prod-xquery-DoubleLiteral"></a>[<small>153</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>DoubleLiteral</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(("." <a href="#prod-xquery-Digits">Digits</a>) |
(<a href="#prod-xquery-Digits">Digits</a> ("." [0-9]*)?)) [eE]
[+-]? <a href="#prod-xquery-Digits">Digits</a></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-StringLiteral" id=
"prod-xquery-StringLiteral"></a>[<small>154</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>StringLiteral</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>('"' (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-PredefinedEntityRef">PredefinedEntityRef</a> |
<a href="#prod-xquery-CharRef">CharRef</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-EscapeQuot">EscapeQuot</a> | [^"&amp;])* '"') | ("'"
(<a href="#prod-xquery-PredefinedEntityRef">PredefinedEntityRef</a>
| <a href="#prod-xquery-CharRef">CharRef</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-EscapeApos">EscapeApos</a> | [^'&amp;])*
"'")</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PredefinedEntityRef" id=
"prod-xquery-PredefinedEntityRef"></a>[<small>155</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PredefinedEntityRef</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"&amp;" ("lt" | "gt" | "amp" | "quot" | "apos")
";"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-EscapeQuot" id=
"prod-xquery-EscapeQuot"></a>[<small>156</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>EscapeQuot</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>'""'</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-EscapeApos" id=
"prod-xquery-EscapeApos"></a>[<small>157</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>EscapeApos</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"''"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-ElementContentChar" id=
"prod-xquery-ElementContentChar"></a>[<small>158</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>ElementContentChar</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a> -
[{}&lt;&amp;]</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-QuotAttrContentChar" id=
"prod-xquery-QuotAttrContentChar"></a>[<small>159</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>QuotAttrContentChar</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a> -
["{}&lt;&amp;]</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-AposAttrContentChar" id=
"prod-xquery-AposAttrContentChar"></a>[<small>160</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>AposAttrContentChar</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a> -
['{}&lt;&amp;]</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Comment" id=
"prod-xquery-Comment"></a>[<small>161</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Comment</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>"(:" (<a href=
"#prod-xquery-CommentContents">CommentContents</a> | <a href=
"#prod-xquery-Comment">Comment</a>)* ":)"</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-PITarget" id=
"prod-xquery-PITarget"></a>[<small>162</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>PITarget</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-PITarget">[http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#NT-PITarget]</a><sup><small>XML</small></sup></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CharRef" id=
"prod-xquery-CharRef"></a>[<small>163</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CharRef</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-CharRef">[http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#NT-CharRef]</a><sup><small>XML</small></sup></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-QName" id=
"prod-xquery-QName"></a>[<small>164</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>QName</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/#NT-QName">[http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/#NT-QName]</a><sup><small>Names</small></sup></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-NCName" id=
"prod-xquery-NCName"></a>[<small>165</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>NCName</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/#NT-NCName">[http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/#NT-NCName]</a><sup><small>Names</small></sup></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-S" id=
"prod-xquery-S"></a>[<small>166</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>S</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-S">[http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#NT-S]</a><sup><small>XML</small></sup></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Char" id=
"prod-xquery-Char"></a>[<small>167</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Char</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#NT-Char">[http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#NT-Char]</a><sup><small>XML</small></sup></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The following symbols are used only in the definition of
terminal symbols; they are not terminal symbols in the grammar of
<a href="#id-grammar"><b>[A EBNF for XQuery 1.0 Grammar with Update
extensions]</b></a>.</p>
<h5><a name="d7e9440" id="d7e9440"></a></h5>
<table class="scrap" summary="Scrap">
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-Digits" id=
"prod-xquery-Digits"></a>[<small>168</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>Digits</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>[0-9]+</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr valign="baseline">
<td><a name="prod-xquery-CommentContents" id=
"prod-xquery-CommentContents"></a>[<small>169</small>]&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>CommentContents</code></td>
<td>&#160;&#160;&#160;::=&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
<td><code>(<a href="#prod-xquery-Char">Char</a>+ - (Char* ('(:' |
':)') Char*))</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-impl-defs" id="id-impl-defs"></a>B
Implementation-Defined Items</h2>
<p>The following items in this specification are
implementation-defined:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The revalidation modes that are supported by this
implementation.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The default revalidation mode for this implementation.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The mechanism (if any) by which an external function can return
an XDM instance and/or a pending update list to the invoking
query.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The semantics of <code>fn:put()</code>, including the kinds of
nodes accepted as operands by this function.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="References" id="References"></a>C References</h2>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-normative-references" id=
"id-normative-references"></a>C.1 Normative References</h3>
<dl>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xquery-update-10-requirements" id=
"xquery-update-10-requirements"></a>XQuery Update Facility 1.0
Requirements</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10-requirements/"><cite>XQuery
Update Facility 1.0 Requirements</cite></a>, Don Chamberlin and
Jonathan Robie, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 25 January
2011. This version is
http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/NOTE-xquery-update-10-requirements-20110125/.
The <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10-requirements/">latest
version</a> is available at
http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10-requirements/.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xpath-datamodel" id=
"xpath-datamodel"></a>XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data
Model</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/"><cite>XQuery
1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model (XDM) (Second Edition)</cite></a>,
Norman Walsh, Mary Fernández, Ashok Malhotra, <em>et. al.</em>,
Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 14 December 2010. This version
is http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xpath-datamodel-20101214/. The
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/">latest version</a>
is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xquery" id="xquery"></a>XQuery
1.0</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/"><cite>XQuery 1.0: An
XML Query Language (Second Edition)</cite></a>, Don Chamberlin,
Anders Berglund, Scott Boag, <em>et. al.</em>, Editors. World Wide
Web Consortium, 14 December 2010. This version is
http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-20101214/. The <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/">latest version</a> is available at
http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xpath-functions" id=
"xpath-functions"></a>XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Functions and
Operators</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions/"><cite>XQuery
1.0 and XPath 2.0 Functions and Operators (Second
Edition)</cite></a>, Ashok Malhotra, Jim Melton, and Norman Walsh,
Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 14 December 2010. This version
is http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xpath-functions-20101214/. The
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions/">latest version</a>
is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions/.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xqueryx" id="xqueryx"></a>XQueryX
1.0</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xqueryx/"><cite>XML Syntax for
XQuery 1.0 (XQueryX) (Second Edition)</cite></a>, Jim Melton and
Subramanian Muralidhar, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 14
December 2010. This version is
http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xqueryx-20101214/. The <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xqueryx/">latest version</a> is available at
http://www.w3.org/TR/xqueryx/.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xquery-semantics" id=
"xquery-semantics"></a>XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal
Semantics</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/"><cite>XQuery
1.0 and XPath 2.0 Formal Semantics (Second Edition)</cite></a>,
Jérôme Siméon, Denise Draper, Peter Frankhauser, <em>et. al.</em>,
Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 14 December 2010. This version
is http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-xquery-semantics-20101214/. The
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/">latest version</a>
is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-semantics/.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="RFC2119" id="RFC2119"></a>RFC
2119</span></dt>
<dd>
<div>S. Bradner. <em>Key Words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels.</em> IETF RFC 2119. See <a href=
"http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a>.</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-non-normative-references" id=
"id-non-normative-references"></a>C.2 Non-normative References</h3>
<dl>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="ietf-patches" id=
"ietf-patches"></a>XML Patch Operations</span></dt>
<dd>
<div>Internet Engineering Task Force. <em>An Extensible Markup
Language (XML) Patch Operations Framework Utilizing XML Path
Language (XPath) Selectors.</em>. See <a href=
"http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-simple-xml-patch-ops/">http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-simple-xml-patch-ops/</a>
.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="label"><span><a name="xquery-update-10-use-cases" id=
"xquery-update-10-use-cases"></a>XQuery Update Facility 1.0 Use
Cases</span></dt>
<dd>
<div><a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10-use-cases/"><cite>XQuery
Update Facility 1.0 Use Cases</cite></a>, Iona Manolescu and
Jonathan Robie, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 25 January
2011. This version is
http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/NOTE-xquery-update-10-use-cases-20110125/.
The <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10-use-cases/">latest
version</a> is available at
http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-update-10-use-cases/.</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-errors" id="id-errors"></a>D Error Conditions</h2>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-new-error-codes" id="id-new-error-codes"></a>D.1
New Error Codes</h3>
<dl>
<dt><a name="ERRXUST0001" id="ERRXUST0001"></a>err:XUST0001</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a static error if an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a> is used in any
position other than one of the following:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The topmost expression in the body of a query.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>modify</code> clause of a transform expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>return</code> clause of a FLWOR expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>return</code> clauses of a typeswitch expression in
which every <code>return</code> clause contains an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a> or a <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <code>then</code> and <code>else</code> clauses of a
conditional statement in which both the <code>then</code> and
<code>else</code> clauses contain either an <a title=
"updating expression" href="#dt-updating-expression">updating
expression</a> or a <a title="vacuous expression" href=
"#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>An operand of a comma expression in which each operand is either
an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a> or a <a title=
"vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expression</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The content of a parenthesized expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The body of a function declaration in which the keyword
<code>updating</code> is specified.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUST0002" id="ERRXUST0002"></a>err:XUST0002</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a static error if a <a title="simple expression" href=
"#dt-simple-expression">simple expression</a> that is not a
<a title="vacuous expression" href="#dt-vacuous-expression">vacuous
expression</a> is used in one of the following positions:</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>The <code>modify</code> clause of a transform expression.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The top-level expression in the body of a function declaration
in which the keyword <code>updating</code> is specified.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUST0003" id="ERRXUST0003"></a>err:XUST0003</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a static error if a Prolog contains more than one
revalidation declaration.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0004" id="ERRXUTY0004"></a>err:XUTY0004</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a type error if the insertion sequence of an insert
expression contains an attribute node following a node that is not
an attribute node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0005" id="ERRXUTY0005"></a>err:XUTY0005</dt>
<dd>
<p>In an insert expression where <code>into</code>, <code>as first
into</code>, or <code>as last into</code> is specified, it is a
type error if the target expression returns a non-empty result that
does not consist of a single element or document node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0006" id="ERRXUTY0006"></a>err:XUTY0006</dt>
<dd>
<p>In an insert expression where <code>before</code> or
<code>after</code> is specified, it is a type error if the target
expression returns a non-empty result that does not consist of a
single element, text, comment, or processing instruction node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0007" id="ERRXUTY0007"></a>err:XUTY0007</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a type error if the target expression of a delete
expression does not return a sequence of zero or more nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0008" id="ERRXUTY0008"></a>err:XUTY0008</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a replace expression, it is a type error if the target
expression returns a non-empty result that does not consist of a
single element, attribute, text, comment, or processing instruction
node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0009" id="ERRXUDY0009"></a>err:XUDY0009</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a replace expression where <code>value of</code> is not
specified, it is a dynamic error if the node returned by the target
expression does not have a parent.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0010" id="ERRXUTY0010"></a>err:XUTY0010</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a replace expression where <code>value of</code> is not
specified and the target is an element, text, comment, or
processing instruction node, it is a type error if the replacement
sequence does not consist of zero or more element, text, comment,
or processing instruction nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0011" id="ERRXUTY0011"></a>err:XUTY0011</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a replace expression where <code>value of</code> is not
specified and the target is an attribute node, it is a type error
if the replacement sequence does not consist of zero or more
attribute nodes.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0012" id="ERRXUTY0012"></a>err:XUTY0012</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a rename expression, it is a type error if the target
expression returns a non-empty result that does not consist of a
single element, attribute, or processing instruction node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0013" id="ERRXUTY0013"></a>err:XUTY0013</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a transform expression, it is a type error if a source
expression in the <code>copy</code> clause does not return a single
node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0014" id="ERRXUDY0014"></a>err:XUDY0014</dt>
<dd>
<p>In a transform expression, it is a dynamic error if the
<code>modify</code> clause modifies any node that was not created
by the <code>copy</code> clause.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0015" id="ERRXUDY0015"></a>err:XUDY0015</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if any node is the target of more than one
<code>rename</code> expression within the same query.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0016" id="ERRXUDY0016"></a>err:XUDY0016</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if any node is the target of more than one
<code>replace</code> expression (without <code>value of</code>
being specified) within the same query.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0017" id="ERRXUDY0017"></a>err:XUDY0017</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if any node is the target of more than one
<code>replace value of</code> expression within the same query.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0018" id="ERRXUDY0018"></a>err:XUDY0018</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if a function that was declared to be
<code>external</code> but not <code>updating</code> returns a
non-empty pending update list.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0019" id="ERRXUDY0019"></a>err:XUDY0019</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if a function that was declared to be both
<code>external</code> and <code>updating</code> returns a non-empty
data model instance.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0021" id="ERRXUDY0021"></a>err:XUDY0021</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> that would result from applying
all the updates in a query violates any constraint specified in
<a href="#xpath-datamodel">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data
Model]</a>. In this case, none of the updates in the query are made
effective.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUTY0022" id="ERRXUTY0022"></a>err:XUTY0022</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a type error if an insert expression specifies the
insertion of an attribute node into a document node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0023" id="ERRXUDY0023"></a>err:XUDY0023</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if an insert, replace, or rename
expression affects an element node by introducing a new namespace
binding that <a title="conflict" href="#dt-conflict">conflicts</a>
with one of its existing namespace bindings.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0024" id="ERRXUDY0024"></a>err:XUDY0024</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the effect of a set of updating
expressions is to introduce <a title="conflict" href=
"#dt-conflict">conflicting</a> namespace bindings into an element
node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0025" id="ERRXUDY0025"></a>err:XUDY0025</dt>
<dd>
<p>(Not currently used.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUST0026" id="ERRXUST0026"></a>err:XUST0026</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a static error if a revalidation declaration in a Prolog
specifies a revalidation mode that is not supported by the current
implementation.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0027" id="ERRXUDY0027"></a>err:XUDY0027</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the target expression of an insert,
replace, or rename expression evaluates to an empty sequence.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUST0028" id="ERRXUST0028"></a>err:XUST0028</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a static error if a function declaration specifies both
<code>updating</code> and a return type.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0029" id="ERRXUDY0029"></a>err:XUDY0029</dt>
<dd>
<p>In an insert expression where <code>before</code> or
<code>after</code> is specified, it is a dynamic error if the node
returned by the target expression does not have a parent.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0030" id="ERRXUDY0030"></a>err:XUDY0030</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if an insert expression specifies the
insertion of an attribute node before or after a child of a
document node.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXUDY0031" id="ERRXUDY0031"></a>err:XUDY0031</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if multiple calls to <code>fn:put</code>
in the same snapshot specify the same URI (after resolution of
relative URIs).</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRFOUP0001" id="ERRFOUP0001"></a>err:FOUP0001</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the first operand of
<code>fn:put</code> is not a node of a supported kind.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRFOUP0002" id="ERRFOUP0002"></a>err:FOUP0002</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the second operand of
<code>fn:put</code> is not a valid lexical representation of the
<code>xs:anyURI</code> type.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-amended-error-codes" id=
"id-amended-error-codes"></a>D.2 Amendments to Existing Error
Codes</h3>
<dl>
<dt><a name="ERRXPST0005" id="ERRXPST0005"></a>err:XPST0005</dt>
<dd>
<p>During the analysis phase, it is a static error if the static
type assigned to a simple expression other than <code>( )</code> or
<code>data(( ))</code> is <code>empty-sequence( )</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXQDY0026" id="ERRXQDY0026"></a>err:XQDY0026</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if a constructor or replace expression
would result in a processing instruction node whose content
includes the string "<code>?&gt;</code>".</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXQDY0041" id="ERRXQDY0041"></a>err:XQDY0041</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the name assigned to a processing node
by a constructor or rename expression cannot be cast to the type
<code>xs:NCName</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXQDY0072" id="ERRXQDY0072"></a>err:XQDY0072</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if a constructor or replace expression
would result in a comment node whose content ends with a hyphen or
contains two adjacent hyphens.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="ERRXQDY0074" id="ERRXQDY0074"></a>err:XQDY0074</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is a dynamic error if the value of the name expression in a
computed element constructor, computed attribute constructor, or
rename expression cannot be converted to an expanded QName (for
example, because it contains a namespace prefix not found in the
statically known namespaces.)</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-xquf-xqueryx" id="id-xquf-xqueryx"></a>E XML Syntax
(XQueryX) for XQuery Update Facility 1.0</h2>
<p><a href="#xqueryx">[XQueryX 1.0]</a> defines an XML
representation of <a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>. <a href=
"#xquery-update-10-requirements">[XQuery Update Facility 1.0
Requirements]</a> states "The syntax for updates MAY have more than
one syntax binding. One syntax MUST be convenient for humans to
read and write. One syntax MUST be expressed in XML in a way that
reflects the underlying structure of the operations." This appendix
specifies an XML Schema that defines the XML representation of
XQuery Update Facility 1.0 by representing the abstract syntax
found in <a href="#id-grammar"><b>[A EBNF for XQuery 1.0 Grammar
with Update extensions]</b></a>. This XML representation for XQuery
Update Facility 1.0 integrates with the XML representation for
XQuery 1.0.</p>
<p>The XML Schema specified in this appendix accomplishes its
integration by importing the XML Schema defined for XQueryX in
<a href="#xqueryx">[XQueryX 1.0]</a>, incorporating all of its type
and element definitions. It then extends that schema by adding
definitions of new types and elements in a namespace belonging to
the Update Facility specification, as well as redefining one
complex type.</p>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-xquf-update-schema" id=
"id-xquf-update-schema"></a>E.1 Schema</h3>
<p>This section specifies the two XML Schemas that define the
complex types and elements for XQueryX in support of XQuery Update
Facility 1.0, including changes to the prolog and the addition of
several new expressions.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>

&lt;xsd:schema
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
     xmlns:xqx="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX"
     xmlns:xqxuf="http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10"
     targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10"
     elementFormDefault="qualified" 
     attributeFormDefault="unqualified"&gt;

&lt;!-- Initial creation                  2006-08-17: Jim Melton --&gt;
&lt;!-- Added ufRevalidationDecl          2006-08-21: Jim Melton --&gt;
&lt;!-- Overhaul to bring up to date      2007-08-07: Jim Melton --&gt;
&lt;!-- Reconfirmed correctness for CR    2008-02-27: Jim Melton --&gt;

  &lt;xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX"
     schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/
xquery-update-10-xqueryx-redef.xsd"/&gt;


  &lt;!-- Add revalidationDecl to alternatives in prolog setters --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:element name="revalidationDecl"
               substitutionGroup="xqx:prologPartOneItem"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:simpleType&gt;
      &lt;xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:enumeration value="strict"/&gt;
        &lt;xsd:enumeration value="lax"/&gt;
        &lt;xsd:enumeration value="skip"/&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:restriction&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:simpleType&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:element&gt;


  &lt;!-- Create substitution group for update facility exprs    --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="expr"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="xqx:expr"/&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

  &lt;!-- Make the update facilities subst grp part of expr grp  --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:element name="expr" type="xqxuf:expr" abstract="true"
               substitutionGroup="xqx:expr"/&gt;


  &lt;!-- InsertExpr                                             --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="insertExpr"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="xqxuf:expr"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="sourceExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
          &lt;xsd:choice&gt;
            &lt;xsd:element name="insertInto"&gt;
              &lt;xsd:complexType&gt;
                &lt;xsd:sequence minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"&gt;
                  &lt;xsd:choice&gt;
                    &lt;xsd:element name="insertAsFirst" 
                                 type="xqx:emptyContent"/&gt;
                    &lt;xsd:element name="insertAsLast" 
                                 type="xqx:emptyContent"/&gt;
                  &lt;/xsd:choice&gt;
                &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
              &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;
            &lt;/xsd:element&gt;
            &lt;xsd:element name="insertAfter"
                         type="xqx:emptyContent"/&gt;
            &lt;xsd:element name="insertBefore"
                         type="xqx:emptyContent"/&gt;
          &lt;/xsd:choice&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="targetExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
        &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:extension&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

  &lt;xsd:element name="insertExpr" type="xqxuf:insertExpr" 
               substitutionGroup="xqxuf:expr"/&gt;


  &lt;!-- DeleteExpr                                             --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="deleteExpr"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="xqxuf:expr"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
         &lt;xsd:element name="targetExpr"
                      type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
        &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:extension&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

  &lt;xsd:element name="deleteExpr" type="xqxuf:deleteExpr" 
               substitutionGroup="xqxuf:expr"/&gt;


  &lt;!-- ReplaceExpr                                            --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="replaceExpr"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="xqxuf:expr"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="replaceValue"
                       type="xqx:emptyContent"
                       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="targetExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="replacementExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
        &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:extension&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

  &lt;xsd:element name="replaceExpr" type="xqxuf:replaceExpr" 
               substitutionGroup="xqxuf:expr"/&gt;


  &lt;!-- RenameExpr                                             --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="renameExpr"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="xqxuf:expr"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="targetExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="newNameExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
        &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:extension&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

  &lt;xsd:element name="renameExpr" type="xqxuf:renameExpr" 
               substitutionGroup="xqxuf:expr"/&gt;


  &lt;!-- TransformExpr                                          --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="transformExpr"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="xqxuf:expr"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="transformCopies"&gt;
            &lt;xsd:complexType&gt;
              &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
                &lt;xsd:element name="transformCopy" minOccurs="1" 
                             maxOccurs="unbounded"&gt;
                  &lt;xsd:complexType&gt;
                    &lt;xsd:sequence&gt;
                      &lt;xsd:element ref="xqx:varRef"/&gt;
                      &lt;xsd:element name="copySource"
                                   type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
                    &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
                  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;
                &lt;/xsd:element&gt;
              &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
            &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;
          &lt;/xsd:element&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="modifyExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
          &lt;xsd:element name="returnExpr"
                       type="xqx:exprWrapper"/&gt;
        &lt;/xsd:sequence&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:extension&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

  &lt;xsd:element name="transformExpr" type="xqxuf:transformExpr" 
               substitutionGroup="xqxuf:expr"/&gt;


&lt;/xsd:schema&gt;



&lt;xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
                    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX"
                    targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX"
                    elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="qualified"&gt;

&lt;!-- Redefine one or more components of the XQueryX XML Schema --&gt;
&lt;xsd:redefine schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX/xqueryx.xsd"&gt;

&lt;!-- Redefine the functionDecl complex type --&gt;
  &lt;xsd:complexType name="functionDecl"&gt;
    &lt;xsd:complexContent&gt;
      &lt;xsd:extension base="functionDecl"&gt;
        &lt;xsd:attribute name="updatingFunction"
                       type="xsd:boolean" default="false"/&gt;
      &lt;/xsd:extension&gt;
    &lt;/xsd:complexContent&gt;
  &lt;/xsd:complexType&gt;

&lt;/xsd:redefine&gt;

&lt;/xsd:schema&gt;

</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-xquf-update-stylesheet" id=
"id-xquf-update-stylesheet"></a>E.2 Stylesheet</h3>
<p>This section specifies the XSLT stylesheet that defines the
semantics of XQueryX in support of XQuery Update Facility 1.0. It
imports the XSLT stylesheet defined in <a href="#xqueryx">[XQueryX
1.0]</a>, and provides additional templates that define the
semantics of the XQueryX representation of XQuery Update Facility
1.0 by transforming that XQueryX representation into the human
readable syntax of XQuery Update Facility 1.0.</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>

&lt;xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
                xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
                xmlns:xqxuf="http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10"
                xmlns:xqx="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX"&gt;

&lt;!-- Initial creation                  2006-08-17: Jim Melton --&gt;
&lt;!-- Added revalidationDecl            2006-08-21: Jim Melton --&gt;
&lt;!-- Bring up to date with spec        2007-08-07: Jim Melton --&gt;
&lt;!-- Surround updating exprs w/parens  2007-09-13: Jim Melton --&gt;


&lt;xsl:import href="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX/xqueryx.xsl"/&gt;


&lt;!-- revalidationDecl                                         --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:revalidationDecl"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;declare revalidation &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- insertExpr                                               --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:insertExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$LPAREN"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;insert nodes &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$NEWLINE"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:sourceExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$NEWLINE"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:insertInto |
                               xqxuf:insertBefore |
                               xqxuf:insertAfter"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$NEWLINE"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:targetExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$RPAREN"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- sourceExpr                                               --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:sourceExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- insertInto                                               --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:insertInto"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:if test="child::node()"&gt;
    &lt;xsl:text&gt;as &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:if&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;into &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- insertAsFirst                                            --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:insertAsFirst"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;first &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- insertAsLast                                             --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:insertAsLast"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;last &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- insertAfter                                              --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:insertAfter"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;after &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- insertBefore                                             --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:insertBefore"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;before &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- targetExpr                                               --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:targetExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- deleteExpr                                               --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:deleteExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$LPAREN"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;delete nodes &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$RPAREN"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- replaceExpr                                              --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:replaceExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$LPAREN"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;replace &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:if test="xqxuf:replaceValue"&gt;
    &lt;xsl:text&gt;value of &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:if&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;node &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:targetExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt; with &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:replacementExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$RPAREN"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- replacementExpr                                          --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:replacementExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- renameExpr                                               --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:renameExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$LPAREN"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;rename node &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:targetExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt; as &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:newNameExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$RPAREN"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- newNameExpr                                              --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:newNameExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- transformExpr                                            --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:transformExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$LPAREN"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;copy &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:transformCopies"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$NEWLINE"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;  modify &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:modifyExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$NEWLINE"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt;  return &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:returnExpr"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:value-of select="$RPAREN"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- Part of transformExpr                                    --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:transformCopies"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:call-template name="commaSeparatedList"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- Part of transformExpr                                    --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:transformCopy"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqx:varRef"/&gt;
  &lt;xsl:text&gt; := &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqxuf:copySource"/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;

&lt;!-- Part of transformExpr                                    --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:copySource"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;

&lt;!-- Part of transformExpr                                    --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:modifyExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- Part of transformExpr                                    --&gt;
&lt;xsl:template match="xqxuf:returnExpr"&gt;
  &lt;xsl:apply-templates/&gt;
&lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;!-- Over-ride the template for functionDecl in XQueryX.xsd   --&gt;
  &lt;xsl:template match="xqx:functionDecl" priority="100"&gt;
    &lt;xsl:text&gt;declare &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
    &lt;xsl:if test="@xqx:updatingFunction and
                  @xqx:updatingFunction = 'true'"&gt;
      &lt;xsl:text&gt;updating &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
    &lt;/xsl:if&gt;
    &lt;xsl:text&gt;function &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
    &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqx:functionName"/&gt;
    &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqx:paramList"/&gt;
    &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqx:typeDeclaration"/&gt;
    &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="xqx:functionBody"/&gt;
    &lt;xsl:if test="xqx:externalDefinition"&gt;
      &lt;xsl:text&gt; external &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
    &lt;/xsl:if&gt;
  &lt;/xsl:template&gt;


&lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;

</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h3><a name="id-xquf-update-examples" id=
"id-xquf-update-examples"></a>E.3 Example</h3>
<p>The following example is based on the data and queries in the
use cases in <a href="#xquery-update-10-use-cases">[XQuery Update
Facility 1.0 Use Cases]</a>. In this example, we show the English
description of the query, the XQuery Update Facility solution given
in <a href="#xquery-update-10-use-cases">[XQuery Update Facility
1.0 Use Cases]</a>, an XQueryX solution, and the XQuery Update
Facility expression that results from applying the Update Facility
XQueryX-to-XQuery Update Facility transformation defined by the
stylesheet in <a href="#id-xquf-update-stylesheet"><b>[E.2
Stylesheet]</b></a> to the Update Facility XQueryX solution. The
XQuery Update Facility expression that is produced is presented
only as a sanity-check—the intent of the stylesheet is not to
recreate the original XQuery expression, but to produce <em>a</em>
valid XQuery expression with the same semantics. The semantics of
the Update Facility XQueryX solution are determined by the
semantics of the XQuery Update Facility expression that results
from that transformation. The "correctness" of that transformation
is determined by asking the following the question: Can some Update
Facility XQueryX processor QX process some Update Facility XQueryX
document D1 to produce results R1, after which the stylesheet is
used to translate D1 into an XQuery Update Facility expression E1
that, when processed by some XQuery Update Facility processor Q,
produces results R2 that are equivalent (under some meaningful
definition of "equivalent") to results R1?</p>
<p>Comparison of the results of the Update Facility
XQueryX-to-XQuery Update Facility transformation given in this
document with the XQuery Update Facility solutions in <a href=
"#xquery-update-10-use-cases">[XQuery Update Facility 1.0 Use
Cases]</a> may be helpful in evaluating the correctness of the
Update Facility XQueryX solution in each example.</p>
<p>The XQuery Update Facility Use Cases solution given for each
example is provided only to assist readers of this document in
understanding the Update Facility XQueryX solution. There is no
intent to imply that this document specifies a "compilation" or
"transformation" of XQuery Update Facility syntax into Update
Facility XQueryX syntax.</p>
<p>In the following example, note that path expressions are
expanded to show their structure. Also, note that the prefix syntax
for binary operators like "and" makes the precedence explicit. In
general, humans find it easier to read an XML representation that
does not expand path expressions, but it is less convenient for
programmatic representation and manipulation. XQueryX is designed
as a language that is convenient for production and modification by
software, and not as a convenient syntax for humans to read and
write.</p>
<p>Finally, please note that white space, including new lines, have
been added to some of the Update Facility XQueryX documents and
XQuery Update Facility expressions for readability. That additional
white space is not produced by the Update Facility
XQueryX-to-XQuery Update Facility transformation.</p>
<p>This example is based on Q6 from <a href=
"#xquery-update-10-use-cases">[XQuery Update Facility 1.0 Use
Cases]</a>, use case Parts: "modifying recursive documents":</p>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-xquery-rep" id="id-xquery-rep"></a>E.3.1 XQuery
Representation</h4>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
for $keyword at $i in ("car", "skateboard", "canoe"),
    $parent in doc("part-tree.xml")//part[@name=$keyword]
let $descendants := $parent//part
for $p in ($parent, $descendants)
return 
  replace value of node $p/@partid with $i*1000+$p/@partid

</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-xqueryx-rep" id="id-xqueryx-rep"></a>E.3.2 XQueryX
Representation</h4>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;
&lt;xqx:module xmlns:xqxuf="http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10"
            xmlns:xqx="http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10
    http://www.w3.org/2007/xquery-update-10/xquery-update-10-xqueryx.xsd
    http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX
    http://www.w3.org/2005/XQueryX/xqueryx.xsd"&gt;

  &lt;xqx:versionDecl&gt;
    &lt;xqx:version&gt;1.0&lt;/xqx:version&gt;
  &lt;/xqx:versionDecl&gt;
  &lt;xqx:mainModule&gt;
    &lt;xqx:queryBody&gt;
      &lt;xqx:flworExpr&gt;
        &lt;xqx:forClause&gt;
          &lt;xqx:forClauseItem&gt;
            &lt;xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
              &lt;xqx:varName&gt;keyword&lt;/xqx:varName&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
            &lt;xqx:positionalVariableBinding&gt;i
            &lt;/xqx:positionalVariableBinding&gt;
            &lt;xqx:forExpr&gt;
              &lt;xqx:sequenceExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:value&gt;car&lt;/xqx:value&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:value&gt;skateboard&lt;/xqx:value&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:value&gt;canoe&lt;/xqx:value&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
              &lt;/xqx:sequenceExpr&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:forExpr&gt;
          &lt;/xqx:forClauseItem&gt;
          &lt;xqx:forClauseItem&gt;
            &lt;xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
              &lt;xqx:varName&gt;parent&lt;/xqx:varName&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
            &lt;xqx:forExpr&gt;
              &lt;xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:functionCallExpr&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:functionName
                        xqx:prefix="fn"&gt;doc&lt;/xqx:functionName&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:arguments&gt;
                        &lt;xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                          &lt;xqx:value&gt;part-tree.xml&lt;/xqx:value&gt;
                        &lt;/xqx:stringConstantExpr&gt;
                      &lt;/xqx:arguments&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:functionCallExpr&gt;
                  &lt;/xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:xpathAxis&gt;descendant-or-self&lt;/xqx:xpathAxis&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:nameTest&gt;part&lt;/xqx:nameTest&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:predicates&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:equalOp&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:firstOperand&gt;
                        &lt;xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                          &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                            &lt;xqx:xpathAxis&gt;attribute&lt;/xqx:xpathAxis&gt;
                            &lt;xqx:nameTest&gt;name&lt;/xqx:nameTest&gt;
                          &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                        &lt;/xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                      &lt;/xqx:firstOperand&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:secondOperand&gt;
                        &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                          &lt;xqx:name&gt;keyword&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                        &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
                      &lt;/xqx:secondOperand&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:equalOp&gt;
                  &lt;/xqx:predicates&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
              &lt;/xqx:pathExpr&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:forExpr&gt;
          &lt;/xqx:forClauseItem&gt;
        &lt;/xqx:forClause&gt;
        &lt;xqx:letClause&gt;
          &lt;xqx:letClauseItem&gt;
            &lt;xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
              &lt;xqx:varName&gt;descendants&lt;/xqx:varName&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
            &lt;xqx:letExpr&gt;
              &lt;xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:name&gt;parent&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
                  &lt;/xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:xpathAxis&gt;descendant-or-self&lt;/xqx:xpathAxis&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:nameTest&gt;part&lt;/xqx:nameTest&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
              &lt;/xqx:pathExpr&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:letExpr&gt;
          &lt;/xqx:letClauseItem&gt;
        &lt;/xqx:letClause&gt;
        &lt;xqx:forClause&gt;
          &lt;xqx:forClauseItem&gt;
            &lt;xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
              &lt;xqx:varName&gt;p&lt;/xqx:varName&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:typedVariableBinding&gt;
            &lt;xqx:forExpr&gt;
              &lt;xqx:sequenceExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:name&gt;parent&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
                &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:name&gt;descendants&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
              &lt;/xqx:sequenceExpr&gt;
            &lt;/xqx:forExpr&gt;
          &lt;/xqx:forClauseItem&gt;
        &lt;/xqx:forClause&gt;
        &lt;xqx:returnClause&gt;
          &lt;xqxuf:replaceExpr&gt;
            &lt;xqxuf:replaceValue/&gt;
            &lt;xqxuf:targetExpr&gt;
              &lt;xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:name&gt;p&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
                  &lt;/xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:xpathAxis&gt;attribute&lt;/xqx:xpathAxis&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:nameTest&gt;partid&lt;/xqx:nameTest&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
              &lt;/xqx:pathExpr&gt;
            &lt;/xqxuf:targetExpr&gt;
            &lt;xqxuf:replacementExpr&gt;
              &lt;xqx:addOp&gt;
                &lt;xqx:firstOperand&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:multiplyOp&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:firstOperand&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                        &lt;xqx:name&gt;i&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                      &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:firstOperand&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:secondOperand&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:integerConstantExpr&gt;
                        &lt;xqx:value&gt;1000&lt;/xqx:value&gt;
                      &lt;/xqx:integerConstantExpr&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:secondOperand&gt;
                  &lt;/xqx:multiplyOp&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:firstOperand&gt;
                &lt;xqx:secondOperand&gt;
                  &lt;xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                        &lt;xqx:varRef&gt;
                          &lt;xqx:name&gt;p&lt;/xqx:name&gt;
                        &lt;/xqx:varRef&gt;
                      &lt;/xqx:filterExpr&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                    &lt;xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:xpathAxis&gt;attribute&lt;/xqx:xpathAxis&gt;
                      &lt;xqx:nameTest&gt;partid&lt;/xqx:nameTest&gt;
                    &lt;/xqx:stepExpr&gt;
                  &lt;/xqx:pathExpr&gt;
                &lt;/xqx:secondOperand&gt;
              &lt;/xqx:addOp&gt;
            &lt;/xqxuf:replacementExpr&gt;
          &lt;/xqxuf:replaceExpr&gt;
        &lt;/xqx:returnClause&gt;
      &lt;/xqx:flworExpr&gt;
    &lt;/xqx:queryBody&gt;
  &lt;/xqx:mainModule&gt;
&lt;/xqx:module&gt;

</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h4><a name="id-transformed-rep" id="id-transformed-rep"></a>E.3.3
Transformed XQuery Representation</h4>
<p>Application of the stylesheet in <a href=
"#id-xquf-update-stylesheet"><b>[E.2 Stylesheet]</b></a> to the
Update Facility XQueryX representation results in the following
XQuery representation:</p>
<div class="exampleInner">
<pre>
 xquery version "1.0";

( for $keyword at $i in ("car", "skateboard", "canoe"),
 $parent in
   fn:doc("part-tree.xml")/descendant-or-self::part
     [(attribute::name = $keyword)]
 let $descendants:=$parent/descendant-or-self::part
 for $p in ($parent, $descendants)
 return
   replace value of node $p/attribute::partid
     with (($i*1000)+$p/attribute::partid)
)

</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-glossary" id="id-glossary"></a>F Glossary
(Non-Normative)</h2>
<dl>
<dt><a name="GLdt-xdm-instance" id="GLdt-xdm-instance"></a>XDM
instance</dt>
<dd>
<p>The term <b>XDM instance</b> denotes an unconstrained sequence
of zero or more nodes and/or atomic values as defined by the
<a title="data model" href="#dt-data-model">data model</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-xquery" id="GLdt-xquery"></a>XQuery</dt>
<dd>
<p>Within this document, the term <b>XQuery</b> refers to the
language specified by <a href="#xquery">[XQuery 1.0]</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-basic-updating-expression" id=
"GLdt-basic-updating-expression"></a>basic updating expression</dt>
<dd>
<p>A <b>basic updating expression</b> is an insert, delete,
replace, or rename expression, or a call to an <a title=
"updating function" href="#dt-updating-function">updating
function</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-conflict" id="GLdt-conflict"></a>conflict</dt>
<dd>
<p>Two namespace bindings are said to <b>conflict</b> if their
namespace prefixes (or absence thereof) are the same but their
namespace URI's (or absence thereof) are different.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-data-model" id="GLdt-data-model"></a>data
model</dt>
<dd>
<p>The term <b>data model</b> refers to the data model specified by
<a href="#xpath-datamodel">[XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data
Model]</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-implied-namespace-binding" id=
"GLdt-implied-namespace-binding"></a>implied namespace binding</dt>
<dd>
<p>The <b>implied namespace binding</b> of a QName is the
association of its namespace prefix (or absence thereof) with its
namespace URI (or absence thereof).</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-mark" id="GLdt-mark"></a>mark</dt>
<dd>
<p>To <b>mark</b> a node means to identify the node as
participating in a later operation.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLmay" id="GLmay"></a>may</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>MAY</b> means that an item is truly optional.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLmust" id="GLmust"></a>must</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>MUST</b> means that the item is an absolute requirement of
the specification.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-node-identity" id="GLdt-node-identity"></a>node
identity</dt>
<dd>
<p>The term <b>node identity</b> denotes the unique identity that
is a property of every node in an <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> (see <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-datamodel/#node-identity">Section 2.3
Node Identity</a><sup><small>DM</small></sup>.)</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-pending-update-list" id=
"GLdt-pending-update-list"></a>pending update list</dt>
<dd>
<p>A <b>pending update list</b> is an unordered collection of
<a title="update primitive" href="#dt-update-primitive">update
primitives</a>, which represent node state changes that have not
yet been applied.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-revalidation-decl" id=
"GLdt-revalidation-decl"></a>revalidation declaration</dt>
<dd>
<p>A <b>revalidation declaration</b> sets the <a title=
"revalidation mode" href="#dt-revalidation-mode">revalidation
mode</a> in the static context, overriding any
implementation-defined default.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-revalidation-mode" id=
"GLdt-revalidation-mode"></a>revalidation mode</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>Revalidation mode</b>, which may be <code>strict</code>,
<code>lax</code>, or <code>skip</code>, is a component of the
static context that controls the behavior of the <code><a href=
"#id-upd-revalidate">upd:revalidate</a></code> operation.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLshould" id="GLshould"></a>should</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>SHOULD</b> means that there may exist valid reasons in
particular circumstances to ignore a particular item, but the full
implications must be understood and carefully weighed before
choosing a different course.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-simple-expression" id=
"GLdt-simple-expression"></a>simple expression</dt>
<dd>
<p>A <b>simple expression</b> is any XQuery expression that is not
an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-snapshot" id="GLdt-snapshot"></a>snapshot</dt>
<dd>
<p>A <b>snapshot</b> is a scope within which expressions are
evaluated with respect to a fixed <a title="XDM instance" href=
"#dt-xdm-instance">XDM instance</a> and updates are held
pending.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLupd-static-typing-feature" id=
"GLupd-static-typing-feature"></a>static typing feature</dt>
<dd>
<p>The <b>Update Facility Static Typing Feature</b> provides
support for the static semantics defined in <a href=
"#id-update-static"><b>[4 Static Typing Feature]</b></a>, and
requires implementations to detect and report type errors during
the static analysis phase.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-target-node" id="GLdt-target-node"></a>target
node</dt>
<dd>
<p>The first argument of an update primitive, called its <b>target
node</b>, is the principal node to be affected by the update
primitive.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-update-operation" id=
"GLdt-update-operation"></a>update operation</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>Update operations</b> are used in defining the semantics of
XQuery updates, but are not directly available to users. Update
operations are defined in <a href="#id-update-operations"><b>[3
Update Operations]</b></a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-update-primitive" id=
"GLdt-update-primitive"></a>update primitive</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>Update primitives</b> are the components of <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
lists</a>. Each <b>update primitive</b> represents a node state
change that has not yet been applied.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-update-routine" id=
"GLdt-update-routine"></a>update routine</dt>
<dd>
<p><b>Update routines</b> are sequences of actions that are used in
the definition of XQuery semantics but do not appear on <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
lists</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-updating-expression" id=
"GLdt-updating-expression"></a>updating expression</dt>
<dd>
<p>An <b>updating expression</b> is a <a title=
"basic updating expression" href=
"#dt-basic-updating-expression">basic updating expression</a> or
any expression (other than a transform expression) that directly
contains an <a title="updating expression" href=
"#dt-updating-expression">updating expression</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-updating-function" id=
"GLdt-updating-function"></a>updating function</dt>
<dd>
<p>Functions whose declarations contain the keyword
<code>updating</code>, and certain built-in functions including
<code>fn:put</code>, are called <b>updating functions</b>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a name="GLdt-vacuous-expression" id=
"GLdt-vacuous-expression"></a>vacuous expression</dt>
<dd>
<p>Certain expressions are defined in this specification to be
<b>vacuous expressions</b>. These all have the characteristic that
they can be determined statically to either return an empty
sequence or raise an error.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-precedence-rationale" id=
"id-precedence-rationale"></a>G Rationale for Precedence of Update
Primitives (Non-Normative)</h2>
<p>In <a href="#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2
upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>, semantic rules specify the order in
which the <a title="update primitive" href=
"#dt-update-primitive">update primitives</a> on a <a title=
"pending update list" href="#dt-pending-update-list">pending update
list</a> are applied. The purpose of this ordering is to ensure
that the result of applying the pending update list is
deterministic. The order of application of the update primitives
was derived from the following reasoning:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>insertAttribute</code>, <code>replaceValue</code>, and
<code>rename</code> primitives do not conflict with any other
primitives other than <code>put</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insertInto</code>primitives must be applied before
<code>insertIntoAsFirst/Last</code> and
<code>insertBefore/After</code>primitives. Reason: if an
unpositioned insert were applied after a positioned insert, it
might interfere with the position established by the earlier
positioned insert. For example, suppose node A is inserted "before"
node B. A later unpositioned insert into the common parent of A and
B might intervene between A and B, which is not allowed by the
semantics of "insert before."</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insertBefore/After</code>primitives must be applied before
<code>replaceNode</code> primitives. Reason: After a node has been
replaced, it no longer has a parent, so "before" and "after" the
replaced node are no longer defined.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>insertIntoAsFirst/Last</code>primitives must be applied
before <code>replaceElementContent</code> primitives. Reason: this
was a decision of the working group. The intent of this decision is
that, if both of these primitives are applied to the same target
node in a query, the effective result is determined by the
<code>replaceElementContent</code> primitive.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>replaceNode</code>primitives must be applied before
<code>replaceElementContent</code> primitives. Reason: if element
content that includes a node N has been replaced, then N no longer
has a parent. In this case, "replace node N" is undefined.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>replaceNode</code>primitives must be applied before
<code>delete</code> primitives. Reason: After a node has been
deleted, it no longer has a parent. Replacing a node that has no
parent is undefined.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>put</code>primitives must be applied after all other
primitives in order that documents stored by a snapshot will
reflect all update operations applied by the snapshot.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="div1">
<h2><a name="id-revision-log" id="id-revision-log"></a>H Revision
Log (Non-Normative)</h2>
<p>The following substantive changes have been made to this
document since the Candidate Recommendation of 9 June 2009. Minor
editorial changes are not included in this log.</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>Fixed a bug involving namespace propagation and default
namespaces. Resolves <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=9432#c2">Bug
9432</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added missing parameter to upd:applyUpdates(). Resolves <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=9262">Bug
9262</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added missing text governing namespace binding conflicts when
the namespace prefix for an attribute is absent. Resolves <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=9257">Bug
9257</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Fixed two errors governing namespace bindings created by
upd:replaceNode(). The erroneous text said that the namespace
binding was created on the attribute itself, rather than the parent
element. Resolves <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=9256">Bug
9256</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added a note indicating that some examples are rejected by
implementations that support static typing. See <a href=
"http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=8006">Bug
8006</a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>The following substantive changes have been made to this
document since the Candidate Recommendation of 14 March 2008.</p>
<ol class="enumar">
<li>
<p>Added a rule: the expression on the right-hand-side of a
variable declaration the initializing expression) must be a simple
expression. Resolves Bug 5699. Section affected: <a href=
"#id-variable-declaration"><b>[2.2.2 Variable
Declaration]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When a rename expression operates on an attribute node,
err:XUDY0023 can be raised only if the new name of the attribute is
in a namespace. Renaming an attribute to a QName that has neither a
namespace prefix nor a namespace URI is not an error, even if the
parent element has a default namespace. Partial resolution of Bug
5629. Section affected: <a href="#id-rename"><b>[2.4.4
Rename]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>When a <code>upd:rename</code> operation is applied to an
element node, and the <code>$newname</code> operand is a QName that
has neither a namespace prefix nor a namespace URI, part of the
semantics of the operation is to remove the namespace binding for
the empty prefix (if any) from the element node. Partial resolution
of Bug 5629. Section affected: <a href="#id-upd-rename"><b>[3.1.11
upd:rename]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Optional error err:XUDY0020 (deletion of a node that has no
parent) is made part of the semantics of the delete expression
(formerly it was described under the <code>upd:delete</code>
primitive). Partial resolution of Bug 5632. Sections affected:
<a href="#id-delete"><b>[2.4.2 Delete]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-delete"><b>[3.1.7 upd:delete]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Error err:XUDY0024 (updates introducing conflicting namespace
bindings) is made part of the semantics of the insert and replace
expressions. Also, consistency constraints on Pending Update Lists,
raising err:XUDY0024 if multiple primitives on a PUL have
conflicting namespace bindings, have been added to the semantics of
<code>upd:mergeUpdates</code> and <code>upd:applyUpdates</code>.
Checks for err:XUDY0024 are no longer part of the semantics of
<code>upd:insertAttributes</code>, <code>upd:replaceNode</code>, or
<code>upd:rename</code>. The net effect of these changes is to
enable implementations to catch conflicting namespace bindings
earlier and to associate them with specific expressions. Dynamic
errors are no longer generated by individual update primitives on
Pending Update Lists. Partial resolution of Bug 5632. Sections
affected: <a href="#id-insert"><b>[2.4.1 Insert]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-replace"><b>[2.4.3 Replace]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-insert-attributes"><b>[3.1.6
upd:insertAttributes]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-replacenode"><b>[3.1.8 upd:replaceNode]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-rename"><b>[3.1.11 upd:rename]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-merge-updates"><b>[3.2.1 upd:mergeUpdates]</b></a>,
<a href="#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2
upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The following changes were made to the semantics of
<code>fn:put</code> (resolving Bug 5646):</p>
<ol class="enumla">
<li>
<p><code>fn:put</code> now generates an update primitive called
<code>upd:put</code>, which is held on the pending update list and
applied after all other update primitives. Sections: <a href=
"#id-func-put"><b>[2.6.1 fn:put]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-put"><b>[3.1.12 upd:put]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>It is an error to invoke <code>fn:put</code> more than once on
the same URI within a snapshot. Sections: <a href=
"#id-compatibility"><b>[2.4.6 Compatibility of Updating
Expressions]</b></a>, <a href="#id-upd-merge-updates"><b>[3.2.1
upd:mergeUpdates]</b></a>, <a href=
"#id-upd-apply-updates"><b>[3.2.2 upd:applyUpdates]</b></a>,
<a href="#id-new-error-codes"><b>[D.1 New Error Codes]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>fn:put</code> is classified as an updating function.
Section: <a href="#id-function-declaration"><b>[2.2.3 Function
Declaration]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<p>Moved the subsection on Function Declarations inside the section
on Extensions to the Prolog. Resolves Bug 5701. Section affected:
<a href="#id-function-declaration"><b>[2.2.3 Function
Declaration]</b></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In the Static Typing Feature for XQuery Update Facility,
err:XPST0005 applies only to simple expressions (not to updating
expressions.) Resolves Bug 5700. Sections affected: <a href=
"#id-static-typing-changes"><b>[4.2 Change to Static Typing Rules
of XQuery 1.0]</b></a>, <a href="#id-amended-error-codes"><b>[D.2
Amendments to Existing Error Codes]</b></a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In the Static Type Analysis for TransformExpr, the static type
of each copy-variable used to be the type inferred from its source
expression; now it's just node().</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>No substantive changes have been made to this document since the
Proposed Recommendation of 25 January 2011.</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>