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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html lang="en-US"><head>
  <title>HTML 5</title>

  <style type="text/css">
   dt, dfn { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }
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   p.warning:before { content: '\26A0 Warning! '; }
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   table.matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
  </style>
  <link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
  <!-- ZZZ -->

 <div class="head">
   <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>

   <h1 id="html-5">HTML 5</h1>

   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary">A vocabulary and associated APIs
    for HTML and XHTML</h2>

   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="w3c-working">W3C Working Draft 10 June 2008</h2>

   <dl>

    <dt>This Version:

    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/</a></dd>
    <!-- :ZZZ -->

    <dt>Latest Published Version:

    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/">http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/</a>

    <dt>Latest Editor's Draft:

    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/html5/">http://www.w3.org/html/wg/html5/</a></dd>
    <!-- ZZZ: -->

    <dt>Previous Versions:

    <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080122/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080122/</a>
     <!-- :ZZZ -->

    <dt>Editors:

    <dd><a href="mailto:ian@hixie.ch">Ian Hickson</a>, Google, Inc.

    <dd>David Hyatt, Apple, Inc.
   </dl>

   <p>The content of this document is also available in the following
   non-normative formats:</p>

   <ul>
     <li>As a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/single-page/">single HTML file</a>.</li>
     <li>As a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/diff/">diff-marked version</a> showing changes made between 22 January 2008 and 10 June 2008.</li>
   </ul>
<!-- *  -->
   <!-- * <p>The content of this document is also available in the following -->
   <!-- * normative format:</p> -->
<!-- *  -->
   <!-- * <ul> -->
     <!-- * <li>As a <a -->
     <!-- * href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/" -->
     <!-- * >multipage HTML file</a></li> -->
   <!-- * </ul> -->
<!-- *  -->
   <!-- * <p>The content is also available in the following non-normative -->
   <!-- * format:</p> -->
   <!-- * <ul> -->
     <!-- * <li>As a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/diff/" -->
      <!-- * >diff-marked version</a> showing changes made between 22 January 2008 and 10 June 2008</li> -->
   <!-- * </ul> -->

   <p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a>
    &copy; 2008 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web
    Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>&reg;</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of
    Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and
    Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
    <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
    and <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
    use</a> rules apply.</p>

  </div>

  <hr>

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="abstract">Abstract</h2>

  <p>This specification defines the 5th major revision of the core language
   of the World Wide Web: the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). In this
   version, new features are introduced to help Web application authors, new
   elements are introduced based on research into prevailing authoring
   practices, and special attention has been given to defining clear
   conformance criteria for user agents in an effort to improve
   interoperability.

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="status">Status of this document</h2>
  <!-- intro boilerplate (required) -->

  <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of
   its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of
   current W3C publications and the most recently formally published revision
   of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a> at
   http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p>
  <!-- where to send feedback (required) -->

  <p>If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them
   to <a href="mailto:public-html-comments@w3.org">public-html-comments@w3.org</a>
   (<a href="mailto:public-html-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
   <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html-comments/">archives</a>).
   All feedback is welcome.</p>
  <!-- stability (required) -->

  <p>Implementors should be aware that this specification is not stable.
   <strong>Implementors who are not taking part in the discussions are likely
   to find the specification changing out from under them in incompatible
   ways.</strong> Vendors interested in implementing this specification
   before it eventually reaches the Candidate Recommendation stage should
   join the aforementioned mailing lists and take part in the discussions.</p>
  <!-- not everyone agrees with html5 (requested before fpwd) -->

  <p>The publication of this document by the W3C as a W3C Working Draft does
   not imply that all of the participants in the W3C HTML working group
   endorse the contents of the specification. Indeed, for any section of the
   specification, one can usually find many members of the working group or
   of the W3C as a whole who object strongly to the current text, the
   existence of the section at all, or the idea that the working group should
   even spend time discussing the concept of that section.</p>
  <!-- version history or list of changes (required) -->

  <p>The changes made to this draft specification after the 22
  January 2008 First Public Working Draft and this 10 June 2008
  Working Draft are recorded in the following documents:</p>

  <ul>
    <li>A non-normative <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-20080610/diff/">diff-marked version</a> of the specification.</li>
    <li>A non-normative <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-html5-pubnotes-20080610/">HTML 5 Publication Notes</a> document that provides prose
      descriptions of the changes.</li>
  </ul>

  <p>The following document is also available; it describes the
  differences between HTML 5 and the previous major version of the
  language, HTML 4:</p>
  <ul>
    <li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5-diff-20080610/">HTML
    5 differences from HTML 4</a></li>
  </ul>

  <!-- status of document, group responsible (required) -->

  <p>The W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/">HTML Working Group</a> is
   the W3C working group responsible for this specification's progress along
   the W3C Recommendation track. <!--ZZZ:--> This specification is the
   10 June 2008 Working Draft.</p>

  <!-- required patent boilerplate -->

  <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February
   2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/40318/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in
   connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
   instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual
   knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
   Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
   6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.

  <h3 class="no-num no-toc" id="stability0">Stability</h3>

  <p>Different parts of this specification are at different levels of
   maturity.

  </p><div id="stability"></div>

  <p class="big-issue">Some of the more major known issues are marked like
   this. There are many other issues that have been raised as well; the
   issues given in this document are not the only known issues! There are
   also some spec-wide issues that have not yet been addressed:
   case-sensitivity is a very poorly handled topic right now, and the firing
   of events needs to be unified (right now some bubble, some don't, they all
   use different text to fire events, etc). It would also be nice to unify
   the rules on downloading content when attributes change (e.g. <code title="">src</code> attributes) - should they initiate downloads when the
   element immediately, is inserted in the document, when active scripts end,
   etc. This matters e.g. if an attribute is set twice in a row (does it hit
   the network twice).

  <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="contents">Table of contents</h2>
  <!--begin-toc-->

  <ul class="toc">
   <li><a href="introduction.html#introduction"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="introduction.html#scope"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Scope</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="introduction.html#relationship"><span class="secno">1.1.1
        </span>Relationship to HTML 4.01, XHTML 1.1, DOM2 HTML</a>

       <li><a href="introduction.html#relationship0"><span class="secno">1.1.2
        </span>Relationship to XHTML2</a>

       <li><a href="introduction.html#relationship1"><span class="secno">1.1.3
        </span>Relationship to XUL, Flash, Silverlight, and other proprietary
        UI languages</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="introduction.html#structure"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Structure of this
      specification</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="introduction.html#how-to"><span class="secno">1.2.1 </span>How to read this
        specification</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="introduction.html#conformance"><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Conformance
      requirements</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="introduction.html#common"><span class="secno">1.3.1 </span>Common
        conformance requirements for APIs exposed to JavaScript</a>

       <li><a href="introduction.html#dependencies"><span class="secno">1.3.2
        </span>Dependencies</a>

       <li><a href="introduction.html#features"><span class="secno">1.3.3 </span>Features
        defined in other specifications</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="introduction.html#terminology"><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Terminology</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="introduction.html#html-vs"><span class="secno">1.4.1 </span>HTML vs
        XHTML</a>
      </ul>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="dom.html#dom"><span class="secno">2. </span>The Document Object
    Model</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="dom.html#documents"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Documents</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="dom.html#security"><span class="secno">2.1.1 </span>Security</a>

       <li><a href="dom.html#resource"><span class="secno">2.1.2 </span>Resource
        metadata management</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="dom.html#elements"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Elements</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="dom.html#reflecting"><span class="secno">2.2.1 </span>Reflecting
        content attributes in DOM attributes</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="dom.html#common0"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Common DOM
      interfaces</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="dom.html#collections"><span class="secno">2.3.1
        </span>Collections</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="dom.html#htmlcollection"><span class="secno">2.3.1.1.
          </span>HTMLCollection</a>

         <li><a href="dom.html#htmlformcontrolscollection"><span class="secno">2.3.1.2.
          </span>HTMLFormControlsCollection</a>

         <li><a href="dom.html#htmloptionscollection"><span class="secno">2.3.1.3.
          </span>HTMLOptionsCollection</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="dom.html#domtokenlist"><span class="secno">2.3.2
        </span>DOMTokenList</a>

       <li><a href="dom.html#domstringmap"><span class="secno">2.3.3
        </span>DOMStringMap</a>

       <li><a href="dom.html#dom-feature"><span class="secno">2.3.4 </span>DOM feature
        strings</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="dom.html#dom-tree"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>DOM tree
      accessors</a>

     <li><a href="dom.html#dynamic"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Dynamic markup
      insertion</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="dom.html#controlling"><span class="secno">2.5.1 </span>Controlling
        the input stream</a>

       <li><a href="dom.html#dynamic0"><span class="secno">2.5.2 </span>Dynamic markup
        insertion in HTML</a>

       <li><a href="dom.html#dynamic1"><span class="secno">2.5.3 </span>Dynamic markup
        insertion in XML</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="dom.html#apis-in"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>APIs in HTML
      documents</a>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="semantics.html#semantics"><span class="secno">3. </span>Semantics and
    structure of HTML elements</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="semantics.html#semantics-intro"><span class="secno">3.1
      </span>Introduction</a>

     <li><a href="semantics.html#common1"><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Common
      microsyntaxes</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="semantics.html#common2"><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Common parser
        idioms</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#boolean"><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Boolean
        attributes</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#numbers"><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Numbers</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="semantics.html#unsigned"><span class="secno">3.2.3.1. </span>Unsigned
          integers</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#signed"><span class="secno">3.2.3.2. </span>Signed
          integers</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#real-numbers"><span class="secno">3.2.3.3. </span>Real
          numbers</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#ratios"><span class="secno">3.2.3.4. </span>Ratios</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#percentages-and-dimensions"><span class="secno">3.2.3.5.
          </span>Percentages and dimensions</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#lists"><span class="secno">3.2.3.6. </span>Lists of
          integers</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#dates"><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Dates and
        times</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="semantics.html#specific"><span class="secno">3.2.4.1. </span>Specific
          moments in time</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#vaguer"><span class="secno">3.2.4.2. </span>Vaguer
          moments in time</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#time-offsets"><span class="secno">3.2.5 </span>Time
        offsets</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#tokens"><span class="secno">3.2.6 </span>Tokens</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#keywords"><span class="secno">3.2.7 </span>Keywords and
        enumerated attributes</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#syntax-references"><span class="secno">3.2.8
        </span>References</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#urls"><span class="secno">3.2.9 </span>URLs</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="semantics.html#documents0"><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Documents and
      document fragments</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="semantics.html#semantics0"><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Semantics</a>
        

       <li><a href="semantics.html#structure0"><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Structure</a>
        

       <li><a href="semantics.html#kinds"><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Kinds of
        content</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="semantics.html#metadata"><span class="secno">3.3.3.1. </span>Metadata
          content</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#flow-content"><span class="secno">3.3.3.2. </span>Flow
          content</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#sectioning"><span class="secno">3.3.3.3.
          </span>Sectioning content</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#heading"><span class="secno">3.3.3.4. </span>Heading
          content</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#phrasing"><span class="secno">3.3.3.5. </span>Phrasing
          content</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#embedded"><span class="secno">3.3.3.6. </span>Embedded
          content</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#interactive0"><span class="secno">3.3.3.7.
          </span>Interactive content</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#transparent"><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Transparent
        content models</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#paragraphs"><span class="secno">3.3.5
        </span>Paragraphs</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="semantics.html#global"><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Global attributes</a>
      
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-id"><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>The
        <code>id</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-title"><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>The
        <code>title</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-lang"><span class="secno">3.4.3 </span>The
        <code>lang</code> (HTML only) and <code>xml:lang</code> (XML only)
        attributes</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-xmlbase"><span class="secno">3.4.4 </span>The
        <code>xml:base</code> attribute (XML only)</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-dir"><span class="secno">3.4.5 </span>The
        <code>dir</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#classes"><span class="secno">3.4.6 </span>The
        <code>class</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-irrelevant"><span class="secno">3.4.7 </span>The
        <code>irrelevant</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#the-style"><span class="secno">3.4.8 </span>The
        <code>style</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#embedding"><span class="secno">3.4.9 </span>Embedding
        custom non-visible data</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="semantics.html#interaction"><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Interaction</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="semantics.html#activation"><span class="secno">3.5.1
        </span>Activation</a>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#focus"><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Focus</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="semantics.html#focus-management"><span class="secno">3.5.2.1.
          </span>Focus management</a>

         <li><a href="semantics.html#sequential"><span class="secno">3.5.2.2.
          </span>Sequential focus navigation</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="semantics.html#scrolling"><span class="secno">3.5.3 </span>Scrolling
        elements into view</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="the-root.html#the-root"><span class="secno">3.6 </span>The root
      element</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-html"><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>The
        <code>html</code> element</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="the-root.html#document"><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Document
      metadata</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-head"><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>The
        <code>head</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-title0"><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>The
        <code>title</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-base"><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>The
        <code>base</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-link"><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>The
        <code>link</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#meta"><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>The
        <code>meta</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="the-root.html#standard"><span class="secno">3.7.5.1. </span>Standard
          metadata names</a>

         <li><a href="the-root.html#other"><span class="secno">3.7.5.2. </span>Other
          metadata names</a>

         <li><a href="the-root.html#pragma"><span class="secno">3.7.5.3. </span>Pragma
          directives</a>

         <li><a href="the-root.html#charset"><span class="secno">3.7.5.4. </span>Specifying
          the document's character encoding</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-style0"><span class="secno">3.7.6 </span>The
        <code>style</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#styling"><span class="secno">3.7.7 </span>Styling</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="the-root.html#sections"><span class="secno">3.8 </span>Sections</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-body"><span class="secno">3.8.1 </span>The
        <code>body</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-section"><span class="secno">3.8.2 </span>The
        <code>section</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-nav"><span class="secno">3.8.3 </span>The
        <code>nav</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-article"><span class="secno">3.8.4 </span>The
        <code>article</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-aside"><span class="secno">3.8.5 </span>The
        <code>aside</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-h1"><span class="secno">3.8.6 </span>The
        <code>h1</code>, <code>h2</code>, <code>h3</code>, <code>h4</code>,
        <code>h5</code>, and <code>h6</code> elements</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-header"><span class="secno">3.8.7 </span>The
        <code>header</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-footer"><span class="secno">3.8.8 </span>The
        <code>footer</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-address"><span class="secno">3.8.9 </span>The
        <code>address</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#headings"><span class="secno">3.8.10 </span>Headings and
        sections</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="the-root.html#outlines"><span class="secno">3.8.10.1. </span>Creating
          an outline</a>

         <li><a href="the-root.html#distinguishing"><span class="secno">3.8.10.2.
          </span>Distinguishing site-wide headings from page headings</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="the-root.html#grouping"><span class="secno">3.9 </span>Grouping
      content</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-p"><span class="secno">3.9.1 </span>The <code>p</code>
        element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-hr"><span class="secno">3.9.2 </span>The
        <code>hr</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-br"><span class="secno">3.9.3 </span>The
        <code>br</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-pre"><span class="secno">3.9.4 </span>The
        <code>pre</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-dialog"><span class="secno">3.9.5 </span>The
        <code>dialog</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-blockquote"><span class="secno">3.9.6 </span>The
        <code>blockquote</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-ol"><span class="secno">3.9.7 </span>The
        <code>ol</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-ul"><span class="secno">3.9.8 </span>The
        <code>ul</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-li"><span class="secno">3.9.9 </span>The
        <code>li</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-dl"><span class="secno">3.9.10 </span>The
        <code>dl</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-dt"><span class="secno">3.9.11 </span>The
        <code>dt</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-root.html#the-dd"><span class="secno">3.9.12 </span>The
        <code>dd</code> element</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="text-level.html#text-level"><span class="secno">3.10 </span>Text-level
      semantics</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-a"><span class="secno">3.10.1 </span>The
        <code>a</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-q"><span class="secno">3.10.2 </span>The
        <code>q</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-cite"><span class="secno">3.10.3 </span>The
        <code>cite</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-em"><span class="secno">3.10.4 </span>The
        <code>em</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-strong"><span class="secno">3.10.5 </span>The
        <code>strong</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-small"><span class="secno">3.10.6 </span>The
        <code>small</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-mark"><span class="secno">3.10.7 </span>The
        <code>mark</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-dfn"><span class="secno">3.10.8 </span>The
        <code>dfn</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-abbr"><span class="secno">3.10.9 </span>The
        <code>abbr</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-time"><span class="secno">3.10.10 </span>The
        <code>time</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-progress"><span class="secno">3.10.11 </span>The
        <code>progress</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-meter"><span class="secno">3.10.12 </span>The
        <code>meter</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-code"><span class="secno">3.10.13 </span>The
        <code>code</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-var"><span class="secno">3.10.14 </span>The
        <code>var</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-samp"><span class="secno">3.10.15 </span>The
        <code>samp</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-kbd"><span class="secno">3.10.16 </span>The
        <code>kbd</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-sub"><span class="secno">3.10.17 </span>The
        <code>sub</code> and <code>sup</code> elements</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-span"><span class="secno">3.10.18 </span>The
        <code>span</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-i"><span class="secno">3.10.19 </span>The
        <code>i</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-b"><span class="secno">3.10.20 </span>The
        <code>b</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-bdo"><span class="secno">3.10.21 </span>The
        <code>bdo</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-ruby"><span class="secno">3.10.22 </span>The
        <code>ruby</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-rt"><span class="secno">3.10.23 </span>The
        <code>rt</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-rp"><span class="secno">3.10.24 </span>The
        <code>rp</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#usage"><span class="secno">3.10.25 </span>Usage
        summary</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#footnotes"><span class="secno">3.10.26
        </span>Footnotes</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="text-level.html#edits"><span class="secno">3.11 </span>Edits</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-ins"><span class="secno">3.11.1 </span>The
        <code>ins</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#the-del"><span class="secno">3.11.2 </span>The
        <code>del</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#attributes"><span class="secno">3.11.3 </span>Attributes
        common to <code>ins</code> and <code>del</code> elements</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#edits0"><span class="secno">3.11.4 </span>Edits and
        paragraphs</a>

       <li><a href="text-level.html#edits1"><span class="secno">3.11.5 </span>Edits and
        lists</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="embedded0.html#embedded0"><span class="secno">3.12 </span>Embedded
      content</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="embedded0.html#the-figure"><span class="secno">3.12.1 </span>The
        <code>figure</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="embedded0.html#the-img"><span class="secno">3.12.2 </span>The
        <code>img</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="embedded0.html#the-iframe"><span class="secno">3.12.3 </span>The
        <code>iframe</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="embedded0.html#the-embed"><span class="secno">3.12.4 </span>The
        <code>embed</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="embedded0.html#the-object"><span class="secno">3.12.5 </span>The
        <code>object</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="embedded0.html#the-param"><span class="secno">3.12.6 </span>The
        <code>param</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="video.html#video"><span class="secno">3.12.7 </span>The
        <code>video</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="video.html#video0"><span class="secno">3.12.7.1. </span>Video and
          audio codecs for <code>video</code> elements</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="video.html#audio"><span class="secno">3.12.8 </span>The
        <code>audio</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="video.html#audio0"><span class="secno">3.12.8.1. </span>Audio
          codecs for <code>audio</code> elements</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="video.html#the-source"><span class="secno">3.12.9 </span>The
        <code>source</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="video.html#media"><span class="secno">3.12.10 </span>Media
        elements</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="video.html#error"><span class="secno">3.12.10.1. </span>Error
          codes</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#location"><span class="secno">3.12.10.2. </span>Location
          of the media resource</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#network0"><span class="secno">3.12.10.3. </span>Network
          states</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#loading"><span class="secno">3.12.10.4. </span>Loading
          the media resource</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#offsets"><span class="secno">3.12.10.5. </span>Offsets
          into the media resource</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#the-ready"><span class="secno">3.12.10.6. </span>The
          ready states</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#playing"><span class="secno">3.12.10.7. </span>Playing
          the media resource</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#seeking"><span class="secno">3.12.10.8.
          </span>Seeking</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#cue-ranges"><span class="secno">3.12.10.9. </span>Cue
          ranges</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#user-interface"><span class="secno">3.12.10.10.
          </span>User interface</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#time-ranges"><span class="secno">3.12.10.11. </span>Time
          ranges</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#byte-ranges"><span class="secno">3.12.10.12. </span>Byte
          ranges</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#mediaevents"><span class="secno">3.12.10.13.
          </span>Event summary</a>

         <li><a href="video.html#security0"><span class="secno">3.12.10.14.
          </span>Security and privacy considerations</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#the-canvas"><span class="secno">3.12.11 </span>The
        <code>canvas</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="the-canvas.html#the-2d"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1. </span>The 2D
          context</a>
          <ul class="toc">
           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#the-canvas0"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.1.
            </span>The canvas state</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#transformations"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.2.
            </span>Transformations</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#compositing"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.3.
            </span>Compositing</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#colors"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.4. </span>Colors
            and styles</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#line-styles"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.5.
            </span>Line styles</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#shadows"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.6.
            </span>Shadows</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#simple"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.7. </span>Simple
            shapes (rectangles)</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#complex"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.8.
            </span>Complex shapes (paths)</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#text"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.9. </span>Text</a>
            

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#images"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.10.
            </span>Images</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#pixel"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.11. </span>Pixel
            manipulation</a>

           <li><a href="the-canvas.html#drawing"><span class="secno">3.12.11.1.12.
            </span>Drawing model</a>
          </ul>

         <li><a href="the-canvas.html#color"><span class="secno">3.12.11.2. </span>Color
          spaces and color correction</a>

         <li><a href="the-canvas.html#security1"><span class="secno">3.12.11.3.
          </span>Security with <code>canvas</code> elements</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#the-map"><span class="secno">3.12.12 </span>The
        <code>map</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#the-area"><span class="secno">3.12.13 </span>The
        <code>area</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#image-maps"><span class="secno">3.12.14 </span>Image
        maps</a>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#mathml"><span class="secno">3.12.15 </span>MathML</a>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#svg"><span class="secno">3.12.16 </span>SVG</a>

       <li><a href="the-canvas.html#dimension"><span class="secno">3.12.17 </span>Dimension
        attributes</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="tabular.html#tabular"><span class="secno">3.13 </span>Tabular data</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="tabular.html#table-intro"><span class="secno">3.13.1
        </span>Introduction</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-table"><span class="secno">3.13.2 </span>The
        <code>table</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-caption"><span class="secno">3.13.3 </span>The
        <code>caption</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-colgroup"><span class="secno">3.13.4 </span>The
        <code>colgroup</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-col"><span class="secno">3.13.5 </span>The
        <code>col</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-tbody"><span class="secno">3.13.6 </span>The
        <code>tbody</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-thead"><span class="secno">3.13.7 </span>The
        <code>thead</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-tfoot"><span class="secno">3.13.8 </span>The
        <code>tfoot</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-tr"><span class="secno">3.13.9 </span>The
        <code>tr</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-td"><span class="secno">3.13.10 </span>The
        <code>td</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-th"><span class="secno">3.13.11 </span>The
        <code>th</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#attributes0"><span class="secno">3.13.12 </span>Attributes
        common to <code>td</code> and <code>th</code> elements</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#processing"><span class="secno">3.13.13 </span>Processing
        model</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="tabular.html#forming"><span class="secno">3.13.13.1. </span>Forming a
          table</a>

         <li><a href="tabular.html#header-and-data-cell-semantics"><span class="secno">3.13.13.2. </span>Forming relationships between data
          cells and header cells</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="tabular.html#forms"><span class="secno">3.14 </span>Forms</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-form"><span class="secno">3.14.1 </span>The
        <code>form</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-fieldset"><span class="secno">3.14.2 </span>The
        <code>fieldset</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-input"><span class="secno">3.14.3 </span>The
        <code>input</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-button"><span class="secno">3.14.4 </span>The
        <code>button</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-label"><span class="secno">3.14.5 </span>The
        <code>label</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-select"><span class="secno">3.14.6 </span>The
        <code>select</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-datalist"><span class="secno">3.14.7 </span>The
        <code>datalist</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-optgroup"><span class="secno">3.14.8 </span>The
        <code>optgroup</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-option"><span class="secno">3.14.9 </span>The
        <code>option</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-textarea"><span class="secno">3.14.10 </span>The
        <code>textarea</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-output"><span class="secno">3.14.11 </span>The
        <code>output</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#processing0"><span class="secno">3.14.12 </span>Processing
        model</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="tabular.html#form-submission"><span class="secno">3.14.12.1.
          </span>Form submission</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="tabular.html#scripting0"><span class="secno">3.15 </span>Scripting</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="tabular.html#script"><span class="secno">3.15.1 </span>The
        <code>script</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="tabular.html#scriptingLanguages"><span class="secno">3.15.1.1.
          </span>Scripting languages</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-noscript"><span class="secno">3.15.2 </span>The
        <code>noscript</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="tabular.html#the-event-source"><span class="secno">3.15.3 </span>The
        <code>event-source</code> element</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#interactive-elements"><span class="secno">3.16
      </span>Interactive elements</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details"><span class="secno">3.16.1 </span>The
        <code>details</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#datagrid"><span class="secno">3.16.2 </span>The
        <code>datagrid</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-datagrid"><span class="secno">3.16.2.1. </span>The
          <code>datagrid</code> data model</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#how-rows"><span class="secno">3.16.2.2. </span>How rows
          are identified</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-data"><span class="secno">3.16.2.3. </span>The data
          provider interface</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-default"><span class="secno">3.16.2.4. </span>The
          default data provider</a>
          <ul class="toc">
           <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#commonDefaultDataGridMethodDefinitions"><span class="secno">3.16.2.4.1. </span>Common default data provider
            method definitions for cells</a>
          </ul>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#populating"><span class="secno">3.16.2.5.
          </span>Populating the <code>datagrid</code> element</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#updating"><span class="secno">3.16.2.6. </span>Updating
          the <code>datagrid</code></a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#requirements"><span class="secno">3.16.2.7.
          </span>Requirements for interactive user agents</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-selection"><span class="secno">3.16.2.8. </span>The
          selection</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#columns"><span class="secno">3.16.2.9. </span>Columns
          and captions</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command"><span class="secno">3.16.3 </span>The
        <code>command</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus"><span class="secno">3.16.4 </span>The
        <code>menu</code> element</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus-intro"><span class="secno">3.16.4.1.
          </span>Introduction</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#building"><span class="secno">3.16.4.2. </span>Building
          menus and tool bars</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#context"><span class="secno">3.16.4.3. </span>Context
          menus</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#toolbars"><span class="secno">3.16.4.4.
          </span>Toolbars</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#commands"><span class="secno">3.16.5 </span>Commands</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#using"><span class="secno">3.16.5.1. </span>Using the
          <code>a</code> element to define a command</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#using0"><span class="secno">3.16.5.2. </span>Using the
          <code>button</code> element to define a command</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#using1"><span class="secno">3.16.5.3. </span>Using the
          <code>input</code> element to define a command</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#using2"><span class="secno">3.16.5.4. </span>Using the
          <code>option</code> element to define a command</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#using3"><span class="secno">3.16.5.5. </span>Using the
          <code>command</code> element to define a command</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#datatemplate"><span class="secno">3.17 </span>Data
      Templates</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#introduction0"><span class="secno">3.17.1
        </span>Introduction</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-datatemplate"><span class="secno">3.17.2 </span>The
        <code>datatemplate</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-rule"><span class="secno">3.17.3 </span>The
        <code>rule</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-nest"><span class="secno">3.17.4 </span>The
        <code>nest</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#global0"><span class="secno">3.17.5 </span>Global
        attributes for data templates</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#processing1"><span class="secno">3.17.6 </span>Processing
        model</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-originalcontent"><span class="secno">3.17.6.1.
          </span>The <code title="dom-originalContent">originalContent</code>
          DOM attribute</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-template"><span class="secno">3.17.6.2. </span>The
          <code title="attr-template">template</code> attribute</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-ref"><span class="secno">3.17.6.3. </span>The <code title="attr-ref">ref</code> attribute</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-nodedatatemplate"><span class="secno">3.17.6.4.
          </span>The <code>NodeDataTemplate</code> interface</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#mutations"><span class="secno">3.17.6.5.
          </span>Mutations</a>

         <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#updating0"><span class="secno">3.17.6.6. </span>Updating
          the generated content</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#miscellaneous"><span class="secno">3.18 </span>Miscellaneous
      elements</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-legend"><span class="secno">3.18.1 </span>The
        <code>legend</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div"><span class="secno">3.18.2 </span>The
        <code>div</code> element</a>
      </ul>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="web-browsers.html#web-browsers"><span class="secno">4. </span>Web browsers</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="web-browsers.html#windows"><span class="secno">4.1 </span>Browsing
      contexts</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#nested"><span class="secno">4.1.1 </span>Nested browsing
        contexts</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#auxiliary"><span class="secno">4.1.2 </span>Auxiliary
        browsing contexts</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#secondary"><span class="secno">4.1.3 </span>Secondary
        browsing contexts</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#security2"><span class="secno">4.1.4 </span>Security</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#threads"><span class="secno">4.1.5 </span>Threads</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#browsing"><span class="secno">4.1.6 </span>Browsing
        context names</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="web-browsers.html#the-default0"><span class="secno">4.2 </span>The default
      view</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#security3"><span class="secno">4.2.1 </span>Security</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#constructors"><span class="secno">4.2.2
        </span>Constructors</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#apis-for"><span class="secno">4.2.3 </span>APIs for
        creating and navigating browsing contexts by name</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#accessing"><span class="secno">4.2.4 </span>Accessing
        other browsing contexts</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="web-browsers.html#origin"><span class="secno">4.3 </span>Origin</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#relaxing"><span class="secno">4.3.1 </span>Relaxing the
        same-origin restriction</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#the-string"><span class="secno">4.3.2 </span>The string
        representing the script's domain in IDNA format</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="web-browsers.html#scripting"><span class="secno">4.4 </span>Scripting</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#script0"><span class="secno">4.4.1 </span>Script execution
        contexts</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#security4"><span class="secno">4.4.2 </span>Security
        exceptions</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#javascript-protocol"><span class="secno">4.4.3 </span>The
        <code title="">javascript:</code> protocol</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#events"><span class="secno">4.4.4 </span>Events</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="web-browsers.html#event-handler-attributes"><span class="secno">4.4.4.1.
          </span>Event handler attributes</a>

         <li><a href="web-browsers.html#event"><span class="secno">4.4.4.2. </span>Event
          firing</a>

         <li><a href="web-browsers.html#events0"><span class="secno">4.4.4.3. </span>Events and
          the <code>Window</code> object</a>

         <li><a href="web-browsers.html#runtime-script-errors"><span class="secno">4.4.4.4.
          </span>Runtime script errors</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="web-browsers.html#user-prompts"><span class="secno">4.5 </span>User
      prompts</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#simple0"><span class="secno">4.5.1 </span>Simple
        dialogs</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#printing"><span class="secno">4.5.2 </span>Printing</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#dialogs"><span class="secno">4.5.3 </span>Dialogs
        implemented using separate documents</a>

       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#notifications"><span class="secno">4.5.4
        </span>Notifications</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="web-browsers.html#browser"><span class="secno">4.6 </span>Browser state</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="web-browsers.html#custom-handlers"><span class="secno">4.6.1 </span>Custom
        protocol and content handlers</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="web-browsers.html#security5"><span class="secno">4.6.1.1. </span>Security
          and privacy</a>

         <li><a href="web-browsers.html#sample-handler-impl"><span class="secno">4.6.1.2.
          </span>Sample user interface</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="offline.html#offline"><span class="secno">4.7 </span>Offline Web
      applications</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="offline.html#introduction1"><span class="secno">4.7.1
        </span>Introduction</a>

       <li><a href="offline.html#appcache"><span class="secno">4.7.2 </span>Application
        caches</a>

       <li><a href="offline.html#manifests"><span class="secno">4.7.3 </span>The cache
        manifest syntax</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="offline.html#writing"><span class="secno">4.7.3.1. </span>Writing
          cache manifests</a>

         <li><a href="offline.html#parsing0"><span class="secno">4.7.3.2. </span>Parsing
          cache manifests</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="offline.html#updating1"><span class="secno">4.7.4 </span>Updating an
        application cache</a>

       <li><a href="offline.html#processing2"><span class="secno">4.7.5 </span>Processing
        model</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="offline.html#changes"><span class="secno">4.7.5.1. </span>Changes to
          the networking model</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="offline.html#application"><span class="secno">4.7.6 </span>Application
        cache API</a>

       <li><a href="offline.html#browser0"><span class="secno">4.7.7 </span>Browser
        state</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="history.html#history"><span class="secno">4.8 </span>Session history and
      navigation</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="history.html#the-session"><span class="secno">4.8.1 </span>The session
        history of browsing contexts</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#the-history"><span class="secno">4.8.2 </span>The
        <code>History</code> interface</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#activating"><span class="secno">4.8.3 </span>Activating
        state object entries</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#the-location"><span class="secno">4.8.4 </span>The
        <code>Location</code> interface</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="history.html#security6"><span class="secno">4.8.4.1.
          </span>Security</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="history.html#history-notes"><span class="secno">4.8.5
        </span>Implementation notes for session history</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="history.html#browsing0"><span class="secno">4.9 </span>Browsing the
      Web</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="history.html#navigating"><span class="secno">4.9.1 </span>Navigating
        across documents</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#read-html"><span class="secno">4.9.2 </span>Page load
        processing model for HTML files</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#read-xml"><span class="secno">4.9.3 </span>Page load
        processing model for XML files</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#read-text"><span class="secno">4.9.4 </span>Page load
        processing model for text files</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#read-image"><span class="secno">4.9.5 </span>Page load
        processing model for images</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#read-plugin"><span class="secno">4.9.6 </span>Page load
        processing model for content that uses plugins</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#read-ua-inline"><span class="secno">4.9.7 </span>Page load
        processing model for inline content that doesn't have a DOM</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#scroll-to-fragid"><span class="secno">4.9.8
        </span>Navigating to a fragment identifier</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#history0"><span class="secno">4.9.9 </span>History
        traversal</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="history.html#content-type-sniffing"><span class="secno">4.10
      </span>Determining the type of a new resource in a browsing context</a>
      
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="history.html#content-type0"><span class="secno">4.10.1
        </span>Content-Type sniffing: text or binary</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#content-type1"><span class="secno">4.10.2
        </span>Content-Type sniffing: unknown type</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#content-type2"><span class="secno">4.10.3
        </span>Content-Type sniffing: image</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#content-type3"><span class="secno">4.10.4
        </span>Content-Type sniffing: feed or HTML</a>

       <li><a href="history.html#content-type"><span class="secno">4.10.5
        </span>Content-Type metadata</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="structured.html#structured"><span class="secno">4.11 </span>Structured
      client-side storage</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="structured.html#storage"><span class="secno">4.11.1 </span>Storing
        name/value pairs</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="structured.html#introduction2"><span class="secno">4.11.1.1.
          </span>Introduction</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#the-storage"><span class="secno">4.11.1.2. </span>The
          <code>Storage</code> interface</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#the-sessionstorage"><span class="secno">4.11.1.3.
          </span>The <code title="dom-sessionStorage">sessionStorage</code>
          attribute</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#the-localstorage"><span class="secno">4.11.1.4.
          </span>The <code title="dom-localStorage">localStorage</code>
          attribute</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#the-storage0"><span class="secno">4.11.1.5. </span>The
          <code title="event-storage">storage</code> event</a>
          <ul class="toc">
           <li><a href="structured.html#event0"><span class="secno">4.11.1.5.1. </span>Event
            definition</a>
          </ul>

         <li><a href="structured.html#threads0"><span class="secno">4.11.1.6.
          </span>Threads</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="structured.html#sql"><span class="secno">4.11.2 </span>Database
        storage</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="structured.html#introduction3"><span class="secno">4.11.2.1.
          </span>Introduction</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#databases"><span class="secno">4.11.2.2.
          </span>Databases</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#executing"><span class="secno">4.11.2.3.
          </span>Executing SQL statements</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#database"><span class="secno">4.11.2.4. </span>Database
          query results</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#errors"><span class="secno">4.11.2.5. </span>Errors</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#processing3"><span class="secno">4.11.2.6.
          </span>Processing model</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="structured.html#disk-space"><span class="secno">4.11.3 </span>Disk
        space</a>

       <li><a href="structured.html#privacy"><span class="secno">4.11.4 </span>Privacy</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="structured.html#user-tracking"><span class="secno">4.11.4.1. </span>User
          tracking</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#cookie"><span class="secno">4.11.4.2. </span>Cookie
          resurrection</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="structured.html#security7"><span class="secno">4.11.5 </span>Security</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="structured.html#dns-spoofing"><span class="secno">4.11.5.1. </span>DNS
          spoofing attacks</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#cross-directory"><span class="secno">4.11.5.2.
          </span>Cross-directory attacks</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#implementation"><span class="secno">4.11.5.3.
          </span>Implementation risks</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#sql-and"><span class="secno">4.11.5.4. </span>SQL and
          user agents</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#sql-injection"><span class="secno">4.11.5.5. </span>SQL
          injection</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="structured.html#links"><span class="secno">4.12 </span>Links</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="structured.html#hyperlink"><span class="secno">4.12.1 </span>Hyperlink
        elements</a>

       <li><a href="structured.html#following"><span class="secno">4.12.2 </span>Following
        hyperlinks</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="structured.html#hyperlink0"><span class="secno">4.12.2.1.
          </span>Hyperlink auditing</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="structured.html#linkTypes"><span class="secno">4.12.3 </span>Link
        types</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type"><span class="secno">4.12.3.1. </span>Link
          type "<code>alternate</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type0"><span class="secno">4.12.3.2. </span>Link
          type "<code>archives</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type1"><span class="secno">4.12.3.3. </span>Link
          type "<code>author</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type2"><span class="secno">4.12.3.4. </span>Link
          type "<code>bookmark</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type3"><span class="secno">4.12.3.5. </span>Link
          type "<code>external</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type4"><span class="secno">4.12.3.6. </span>Link
          type "<code>feed</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type5"><span class="secno">4.12.3.7. </span>Link
          type "<code>help</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#rel-icon"><span class="secno">4.12.3.8. </span>Link type
          "<code>icon</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type6"><span class="secno">4.12.3.9. </span>Link
          type "<code>license</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type7"><span class="secno">4.12.3.10. </span>Link
          type "<code>nofollow</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type8"><span class="secno">4.12.3.11. </span>Link
          type "<code>noreferrer</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type9"><span class="secno">4.12.3.12. </span>Link
          type "<code>pingback</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type10"><span class="secno">4.12.3.13. </span>Link
          type "<code>prefetch</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type11"><span class="secno">4.12.3.14. </span>Link
          type "<code>search</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type12"><span class="secno">4.12.3.15. </span>Link
          type "<code>stylesheet</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type13"><span class="secno">4.12.3.16. </span>Link
          type "<code>sidebar</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#link-type14"><span class="secno">4.12.3.17. </span>Link
          type "<code>tag</code>"</a>

         <li><a href="structured.html#hierarchical"><span class="secno">4.12.3.18.
          </span>Hierarchical link types</a>
          <ul class="toc">
           <li><a href="structured.html#link-type15"><span class="secno">4.12.3.18.1.
            </span>Link type "<code>index</code>"</a>

           <li><a href="structured.html#link-type16"><span class="secno">4.12.3.18.2.
            </span>Link type "<code>up</code>"</a>
          </ul>

         <li><a href="structured.html#sequential0"><span class="secno">4.12.3.19.
          </span>Sequential link types</a>
          <ul class="toc">
           <li><a href="structured.html#link-type17"><span class="secno">4.12.3.19.1.
            </span>Link type "<code>first</code>"</a>

           <li><a href="structured.html#link-type18"><span class="secno">4.12.3.19.2.
            </span>Link type "<code>last</code>"</a>

           <li><a href="structured.html#link-type19"><span class="secno">4.12.3.19.3.
            </span>Link type "<code>next</code>"</a>

           <li><a href="structured.html#link-type20"><span class="secno">4.12.3.19.4.
            </span>Link type "<code>prev</code>"</a>
          </ul>

         <li><a href="structured.html#other0"><span class="secno">4.12.3.20. </span>Other link
          types</a>
        </ul>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="structured.html#interfaces"><span class="secno">4.13 </span>Interfaces for
      URI manipulation</a>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="editing.html#editing"><span class="secno">5. </span>Editing</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="editing.html#editing-intro"><span class="secno">5.1
      </span>Introduction</a>

     <li><a href="editing.html#contenteditable"><span class="secno">5.2 </span>The <code title="attr-contenteditable">contenteditable</code> attribute</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="editing.html#user-editing"><span class="secno">5.2.1 </span>User
        editing actions</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#making"><span class="secno">5.2.2 </span>Making entire
        documents editable</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="editing.html#dnd"><span class="secno">5.3 </span>Drag and drop</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="editing.html#introduction4"><span class="secno">5.3.1
        </span>Introduction</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#the-dragevent"><span class="secno">5.3.2 </span>The
        <code>DragEvent</code> and <code>DataTransfer</code> interfaces</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#events1"><span class="secno">5.3.3 </span>Events fired
        during a drag-and-drop action</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#drag-and-drop"><span class="secno">5.3.4
        </span>Drag-and-drop processing model</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="editing.html#when-the"><span class="secno">5.3.4.1. </span>When the
          drag-and-drop operation starts or ends in another document</a>

         <li><a href="editing.html#when-the0"><span class="secno">5.3.4.2. </span>When the
          drag-and-drop operation starts or ends in another application</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="editing.html#the-draggable"><span class="secno">5.3.5 </span>The
        <code>draggable</code> attribute</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#copy-and"><span class="secno">5.3.6 </span>Copy and
        paste</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="editing.html#copy-to"><span class="secno">5.3.6.1. </span>Copy to
          clipboard</a>

         <li><a href="editing.html#cut-to"><span class="secno">5.3.6.2. </span>Cut to
          clipboard</a>

         <li><a href="editing.html#paste"><span class="secno">5.3.6.3. </span>Paste from
          clipboard</a>

         <li><a href="editing.html#paste0"><span class="secno">5.3.6.4. </span>Paste from
          selection</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="editing.html#security8"><span class="secno">5.3.7 </span>Security risks
        in the drag-and-drop model</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="editing.html#undo"><span class="secno">5.4 </span>Undo history</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="editing.html#the-undomanager"><span class="secno">5.4.1 </span>The
        <code>UndoManager</code> interface</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#undo-moving"><span class="secno">5.4.2 </span>Undo: moving
        back in the undo transaction history</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#redo-moving"><span class="secno">5.4.3 </span>Redo: moving
        forward in the undo transaction history</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#the-undomanagerevent"><span class="secno">5.4.4 </span>The
        <code>UndoManagerEvent</code> interface and the <code title="event-undo">undo</code> and <code title="event-redo">redo</code>
        events</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#implementation0"><span class="secno">5.4.5
        </span>Implementation notes</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="editing.html#selection"><span class="secno">5.5 </span>The text selection
      APIs</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="editing.html#documentSelection"><span class="secno">5.5.1 </span>APIs
        for the browsing context selection</a>

       <li><a href="editing.html#textFieldSelection"><span class="secno">5.5.2 </span>APIs
        for the text field selections</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="editing.html#command"><span class="secno">5.6 </span>Command APIs</a>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="comms.html#comms"><span class="secno">6. </span>Communication</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="comms.html#event1"><span class="secno">6.1 </span>Event definitions</a>
      

     <li><a href="comms.html#server-sent-events"><span class="secno">6.2
      </span>Server-sent DOM events</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="comms.html#the-remoteeventtarget"><span class="secno">6.2.1
        </span>The <code>RemoteEventTarget</code> interface</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#connecting"><span class="secno">6.2.2 </span>Connecting to
        an event stream</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#parsing1"><span class="secno">6.2.3 </span>Parsing an
        event stream</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#event-stream-interpretation"><span class="secno">6.2.4
        </span>Interpreting an event stream</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#notes"><span class="secno">6.2.5 </span>Notes</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="comms.html#network"><span class="secno">6.3 </span>Network
      connections</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="comms.html#network-intro"><span class="secno">6.3.1
        </span>Introduction</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#the-connection"><span class="secno">6.3.2 </span>The
        <code>Connection</code> interface</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#connection"><span class="secno">6.3.3 </span>Connection
        Events</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#tcp-connections"><span class="secno">6.3.4 </span>TCP
        connections</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#broadcast"><span class="secno">6.3.5 </span>Broadcast
        connections</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="comms.html#broadcasting"><span class="secno">6.3.5.1.
          </span>Broadcasting over TCP/IP</a>

         <li><a href="comms.html#bluetooth-broadcast"><span class="secno">6.3.5.2.
          </span>Broadcasting over Bluetooth</a>

         <li><a href="comms.html#irda-broadcast"><span class="secno">6.3.5.3.
          </span>Broadcasting over IrDA</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="comms.html#peer-to-peer"><span class="secno">6.3.6
        </span>Peer-to-peer connections</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="comms.html#peer-to-peer0"><span class="secno">6.3.6.1.
          </span>Peer-to-peer connections over TCP/IP</a>

         <li><a href="comms.html#bluetooth-peer"><span class="secno">6.3.6.2.
          </span>Peer-to-peer connections over Bluetooth</a>

         <li><a href="comms.html#irda-peer"><span class="secno">6.3.6.3.
          </span>Peer-to-peer connections over IrDA</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="comms.html#the-common"><span class="secno">6.3.7 </span>The common
        protocol for TCP-based connections</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="comms.html#clients"><span class="secno">6.3.7.1. </span>Clients
          connecting over TCP</a>

         <li><a href="comms.html#servers"><span class="secno">6.3.7.2. </span>Servers
          accepting connections over TCP</a>

         <li><a href="comms.html#sending"><span class="secno">6.3.7.3. </span>Sending and
          receiving data over TCP</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="comms.html#network-security"><span class="secno">6.3.8
        </span>Security</a>

       <li><a href="comms.html#network-other-specs"><span class="secno">6.3.9
        </span>Relationship to other standards</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="comms.html#crossDocumentMessages"><span class="secno">6.4
      </span>Cross-document messaging</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="comms.html#processing4"><span class="secno">6.4.1 </span>Processing
        model</a>
      </ul>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="repetition.html#repetition"><span class="secno">7. </span>Repetition
    templates</a>

   <li><a href="syntax.html#syntax"><span class="secno">8. </span>The HTML syntax</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="syntax.html#writing0"><span class="secno">8.1 </span>Writing HTML
      documents</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="syntax.html#the-doctype"><span class="secno">8.1.1 </span>The
        DOCTYPE</a>

       <li><a href="syntax.html#elements0"><span class="secno">8.1.2 </span>Elements</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="syntax.html#start"><span class="secno">8.1.2.1. </span>Start
          tags</a>

         <li><a href="syntax.html#end-tags"><span class="secno">8.1.2.2. </span>End
          tags</a>

         <li><a href="syntax.html#attributes1"><span class="secno">8.1.2.3.
          </span>Attributes</a>

         <li><a href="syntax.html#optional"><span class="secno">8.1.2.4. </span>Optional
          tags</a>

         <li><a href="syntax.html#element-restrictions"><span class="secno">8.1.2.5.
          </span>Restrictions on content models</a>

         <li><a href="syntax.html#cdata-rcdata-restrictions"><span class="secno">8.1.2.6.
          </span>Restrictions on the contents of CDATA and RCDATA
          elements</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="syntax.html#text0"><span class="secno">8.1.3 </span>Text</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="syntax.html#newlines"><span class="secno">8.1.3.1.
          </span>Newlines</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="syntax.html#character"><span class="secno">8.1.4 </span>Character
        references</a>

       <li><a href="syntax.html#cdata"><span class="secno">8.1.5 </span>CDATA blocks</a>

       <li><a href="syntax.html#comments"><span class="secno">8.1.6 </span>Comments</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="parsing.html#parsing"><span class="secno">8.2 </span>Parsing HTML
      documents</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="parsing.html#overview"><span class="secno">8.2.1 </span>Overview of the
        parsing model</a>

       <li><a href="parsing.html#the-input0"><span class="secno">8.2.2 </span>The input
        stream</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="parsing.html#determining"><span class="secno">8.2.2.1.
          </span>Determining the character encoding</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#character0"><span class="secno">8.2.2.2.
          </span>Character encoding requirements</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#preprocessing"><span class="secno">8.2.2.3.
          </span>Preprocessing the input stream</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#changing"><span class="secno">8.2.2.4. </span>Changing
          the encoding while parsing</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="parsing.html#parse"><span class="secno">8.2.3 </span>Parse state</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="parsing.html#the-insertion"><span class="secno">8.2.3.1. </span>The
          insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#the-stack"><span class="secno">8.2.3.2. </span>The stack
          of open elements</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#the-list"><span class="secno">8.2.3.3. </span>The list
          of active formatting elements</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#the-element"><span class="secno">8.2.3.4. </span>The
          element pointers</a>

         <li><a href="parsing.html#the-scripting"><span class="secno">8.2.3.5. </span>The
          scripting state</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="tokenisation.html#tokenisation"><span class="secno">8.2.4
        </span>Tokenisation</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="tokenisation.html#tokenising"><span class="secno">8.2.4.1.
          </span>Tokenising character references</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="tree-construction.html#tree-construction"><span class="secno">8.2.5 </span>Tree
        construction</a>
        <ul class="toc">
         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#creating"><span class="secno">8.2.5.1. </span>Creating
          and inserting elements</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#closing"><span class="secno">8.2.5.2. </span>Closing
          elements that have implied end tags</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#foster"><span class="secno">8.2.5.3. </span>Foster
          parenting</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-initial"><span class="secno">8.2.5.4. </span>The
          "initial" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-before"><span class="secno">8.2.5.5. </span>The
          "before html" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-before0"><span class="secno">8.2.5.6. </span>The
          "before head" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inhead"><span class="secno">8.2.5.7.
          </span>The "in head" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inheadnoscript"><span class="secno">8.2.5.8. </span>The "in head noscript" insertion
          mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-after"><span class="secno">8.2.5.9. </span>The
          "after head" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inbody"><span class="secno">8.2.5.10.
          </span>The "in body" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-intable"><span class="secno">8.2.5.11.
          </span>The "in table" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-incaption"><span class="secno">8.2.5.12.
          </span>The "in caption" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-incolgroup"><span class="secno">8.2.5.13.
          </span>The "in column group" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-intbody"><span class="secno">8.2.5.14.
          </span>The "in table body" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-intr"><span class="secno">8.2.5.15.
          </span>The "in row" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-intd"><span class="secno">8.2.5.16.
          </span>The "in cell" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inselect"><span class="secno">8.2.5.17.
          </span>The "in select" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inselectintable"><span class="secno">8.2.5.18. </span>The "in select in table" insertion
          mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inforeign"><span class="secno">8.2.5.19.
          </span>The "in foreign content" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-afterbody"><span class="secno">8.2.5.20.
          </span>The "after body" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-inframeset"><span class="secno">8.2.5.21.
          </span>The "in frameset" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#parsing-main-afterframeset"><span class="secno">8.2.5.22. </span>The "after frameset" insertion
          mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-after0"><span class="secno">8.2.5.23. </span>The
          "after after body" insertion mode</a>

         <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-after1"><span class="secno">8.2.5.24. </span>The
          "after after frameset" insertion mode</a>
        </ul>

       <li><a href="tree-construction.html#the-end"><span class="secno">8.2.6 </span>The end</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="tree-construction.html#namespaces"><span class="secno">8.3 </span>Namespaces</a>

     <li><a href="serializing.html#serializing"><span class="secno">8.4 </span>Serializing HTML
      fragments</a>

     <li><a href="serializing.html#parsing2"><span class="secno">8.5 </span>Parsing HTML
      fragments</a>

     <li><a href="named.html#named"><span class="secno">8.6 </span>Named character
      references</a>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="rendering.html#rendering"><span class="secno">9. </span>Rendering and
    user-agent behavior</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="rendering.html#rendering0"><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Rendering and the
      DOM</a>

     <li><a href="rendering.html#rendering1"><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Rendering and
      menus/toolbars</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="rendering.html#the-icon"><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>The 'icon'
        property</a>
      </ul>

     <li><a href="rendering.html#obsolete"><span class="secno">9.3 </span>Obsolete elements,
      attributes, and APIs</a>
      <ul class="toc">
       <li><a href="rendering.html#the-body0"><span class="secno">9.3.1 </span>The
        <code>body</code> element</a>

       <li><a href="rendering.html#the-applet"><span class="secno">9.3.2 </span>The
        <code>applet</code> element</a>
      </ul>
    </ul>

   <li><a href="no.html#no"><span class="secno">10. </span>Things that you can't do
    with this specification because they are better handled using other
    technologies that are further described herein</a>
    <ul class="toc">
     <li><a href="no.html#localization"><span class="secno">10.1
      </span>Localization</a>

     <li><a href="no.html#declarative"><span class="secno">10.2 </span>Declarative 2D
      vector graphics and animation</a>

     <li><a href="no.html#declarative0"><span class="secno">10.3 </span>Declarative 3D
      scenes</a>

     <li><a href="no.html#timers"><span class="secno">10.4 </span>Timers</a>
    </ul>

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   <li class="no-num"><a href="references.html#references">References</a>

   <li class="no-num"><a href="acknowledgements.html#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a>
  </ul>
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