dom.html 91 KB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html lang="en-US-x-Hixie" ><head><title>3 Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents &#8212; HTML5 </title><style type="text/css">
   pre { margin-left: 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; }
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   h3 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em 0; }
   h4 { margin: 2.5em 0 0.75em 0; }
   h5, h6 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em; }
   h1 + h2, h1 + h2 + h2 { margin: 0.75em 0 0.75em; }
   h2 + h3, h3 + h4, h4 + h5, h5 + h6 { margin-top: 0.5em; }
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   dd p { margin-top: 0; }
   dd dl + p { margin-top: 1em; }
   dd table + p { margin-top: 1em; }
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   dt dfn { font-style: italic; }
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   pre strong { color: black; font: inherit; font-weight: bold; background: yellow; }
   pre em { font-weight: bolder; font-style: normal; }
   @media screen { code { color: orangered; } code :link, code :visited { color: inherit; } }
   var sub { vertical-align: bottom; font-size: smaller; position: relative; top: 0.1em; }
   table { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden hidden none hidden; }
   table thead, table tbody { border-bottom: solid; }
   table tbody th:first-child { border-left: solid; }
   table tbody th { text-align: left; }
   table td, table th { border-left: solid; border-right: solid; border-bottom: solid thin; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.2em; }
   blockquote { margin: 0 0 0 2em; border: 0; padding: 0; font-style: italic; }

   .bad, .bad *:not(.XXX) { color: gray; border-color: gray; background: transparent; }
   .matrix, .matrix td { border: none; text-align: right; }
   .matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
   .dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
   .dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
   .dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }

   .toc dfn, h1 dfn, h2 dfn, h3 dfn, h4 dfn, h5 dfn, h6 dfn { font: inherit; }
   img.extra { float: right; }
   pre.idl { border: solid thin; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
   pre.idl :link, pre.idl :visited { color: inherit; background: transparent; }
   pre.css { border: solid thin; background: #FFFFEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
   pre.css:first-line { color: #AAAA50; }
   dl.domintro { color: green; margin: 2em 0 2em 2em; padding: 0.5em 1em; border: none; background: #DDFFDD; }
   hr + dl.domintro, div.impl + dl.domintro { margin-top: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; }
   dl.domintro dt, dl.domintro dt * { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
   dl.domintro dd { margin: 0.5em 0 1em 2em; padding: 0; }
   dl.domintro dd p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
   dl.switch { padding-left: 2em; }
   dl.switch > dt { text-indent: -1.5em; }
   dl.switch > dt:before { content: '\21AA'; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 1em; text-align: right; line-height: 0.5em; }
   dl.triple { padding: 0 0 0 1em; }
   dl.triple dt, dl.triple dd { margin: 0; display: inline }
   dl.triple dt:after { content: ':'; }
   dl.triple dd:after { content: '\A'; white-space: pre; }
   .diff-old { text-decoration: line-through; color: silver; background: transparent; }
   .diff-chg, .diff-new { text-decoration: underline; color: green; background: transparent; }
   a .diff-new { border-bottom: 1px blue solid; }

   h2 { page-break-before: always; }
   h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { page-break-after: avoid; }
   h1 + h2, hr + h2.no-toc { page-break-before: auto; }

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   div.head { margin: 0 0 1em; padding: 1em 0 0 0; }
   div.head p { margin: 0; }
   div.head h1 { margin: 0; }
   div.head .logo { float: right; margin: 0 1em; }
   div.head .logo img { border: none } /* remove border from top image */
   div.head dl { margin: 1em 0; }
   div.head p.copyright, div.head p.alt { font-size: x-small; font-style: oblique; margin: 0; }

   body > .toc > li { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
   body > .toc.brief > li { margin-top: 0.35em; margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
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   .toc, .toc li { list-style: none; }

   .brief { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.1; }
   .brief li { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
   .brief li p { margin: 0; padding: 0; }

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   .category-list li:not(:last-child)::after { content: ', '; }
   .category-list li > span, .category-list li > a { text-transform: lowercase; }
   .category-list li * { text-transform: none; } /* don't affect <code> nested in <a> */

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   p .XXX { line-height: 3em; }
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   p.note:before { content: 'Note: '; }
   p.warning:before { content: '\26A0 Warning! '; }

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     height: 2em;
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     content: ' ';
     border-style: none none solid solid;
     border-color: #9999FF;
     border-width: 0.25em;
   }

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   td > .example:only-child { margin: 0 0 0 0.1em; }

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   ul.domTree li { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; position: relative; }
   ul.domTree li li { list-style: none; }
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   ul.domTree span { font-style: italic; font-family: serif; }
   ul.domTree .t1 code { color: purple; font-weight: bold; }
   ul.domTree .t2 { font-style: normal; font-family: monospace; }
   ul.domTree .t2 .name { color: black; font-weight: bold; }
   ul.domTree .t2 .value { color: blue; font-weight: normal; }
   ul.domTree .t3 code, .domTree .t4 code, .domTree .t5 code { color: gray; }
   ul.domTree .t7 code, .domTree .t8 code { color: green; }
   ul.domTree .t10 code { color: teal; }

   body.dfnEnabled dfn { cursor: pointer; }
   .dfnPanel {
     display: inline;
     position: absolute;
     z-index: 10;
     height: auto;
     width: auto;
     padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
     font: small sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
     background: #DDDDDD;
     color: black;
     border: outset 0.2em;
   }
   .dfnPanel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; font: inherit; text-indent: 0; }
   .dfnPanel :link, .dfnPanel :visited { color: black; }
   .dfnPanel p { font-weight: bolder; }
   .dfnPanel * + p { margin-top: 0.25em; }
   .dfnPanel li { list-style-position: inside; }

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   #configUI p { margin: 0.5em 0; padding: 0.3em; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; border: inset thin; }
   #configUI p label { display: block; }
   #configUI #updateUI, #configUI .loginUI { text-align: center; }
   #configUI input[type=button] { display: block; margin: auto; }

   fieldset { margin: 1em; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
   fieldset > legend + * { margin-top: 0; }
   fieldset > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
   fieldset p { margin: 0.5em 0; }

   .stability {
     position: fixed;
     bottom: 0;
     left: 0; right: 0;
     margin: 0 auto 0 auto !important;
    z-index: 1000;
     width: 50%;
     background: maroon; color: yellow;
     -webkit-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
     -moz-border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
     border-radius: 1em 1em 0 0;
     -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
     -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 1em #500;
     box-shadow: 0 0 1em red;
     padding: 0.5em 1em;
     text-align: center;
   }
   .stability strong {
     display: block;
   }
   .stability input {
     appearance: none; margin: 0; border: 0; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: transparent; color: black;
     position: absolute; top: -0.5em; right: 0; font: 1.25em sans-serif; text-align: center;
   }
   .stability input:hover {
     color: white;
     text-shadow: 0 0 2px black;
   }
   .stability input:active {
     padding: 0.3em 0.45em 0.2em 0.55em;
   }
   .stability :link, .stability :visited,
   .stability :link:hover, .stability :visited:hover {
     background: transparent;
     color: white;
   }

  </style><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D%0Ahtml%20%7B%20border:%20solid%20yellow;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" id="author" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" id="highlight" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation
requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><style type="text/css">

   .applies thead th > * { display: block; }
   .applies thead code { display: block; }
   .applies tbody th { whitespace: nowrap; }
   .applies td { text-align: center; }
   .applies .yes { background: yellow; }

   .matrix, .matrix td { border: hidden; text-align: right; }
   .matrix { margin-left: 2em; }

   .dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
   .dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
   .dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }

   td.eg { border-width: thin; text-align: center; }

   #table-example-1 { border: solid thin; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 3em; }
   #table-example-1 * { font-family: "Essays1743", serif; line-height: 1.01em; }
   #table-example-1 caption { padding-bottom: 0.5em; }
   #table-example-1 thead, #table-example-1 tbody { border: none; }
   #table-example-1 th, #table-example-1 td { border: solid thin; }
   #table-example-1 th { font-weight: normal; }
   #table-example-1 td { border-style: none solid; vertical-align: top; }
   #table-example-1 th { padding: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; }
   #table-example-1 tbody tr:first-child td { padding-top: 0.5em; }
   #table-example-1 tbody tr:last-child td { padding-bottom: 1.5em; }
   #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child { padding-left: 2.5em; padding-right: 0; width: 9em; }
   #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child::after { content: leader(". "); }
   #table-example-1 tbody td { padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; }
   #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td { width: 10em; }
   #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td ~ td { width: 2.5em; }
   #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td + td + td ~ td { width: 1.25em; }

   .apple-table-examples { border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1.5em 0em; width: 40em; margin-left: 3em; }
   .apple-table-examples * { font-family: "Times", serif; }
   .apple-table-examples td, .apple-table-examples th { border: none; white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
   .apple-table-examples tbody th:first-child { border-left: none; width: 100%; }
   .apple-table-examples thead th:first-child ~ th { font-size: smaller; font-weight: bolder; border-bottom: solid 2px; text-align: center; }
   .apple-table-examples tbody th::after, .apple-table-examples tfoot th::after { content: leader(". ") }
   .apple-table-examples tbody th, .apple-table-examples tfoot th { font: inherit; text-align: left; }
   .apple-table-examples td { text-align: right; vertical-align: top; }
   .apple-table-examples.e1 tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: solid 1px; }
   .apple-table-examples.e1 tbody + tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: double 3px; }
   .apple-table-examples.e2 th[scope=row] { padding-left: 1em; }
   .apple-table-examples sup { line-height: 0; }

   .details-example img { vertical-align: top; }

   #base64-table {
     white-space: nowrap;
     font-size: 0.6em;
     column-width: 6em;
     column-count: 5;
     column-gap: 1em;
     -moz-column-width: 6em;
     -moz-column-count: 5;
     -moz-column-gap: 1em;
     -webkit-column-width: 6em;
     -webkit-column-count: 5;
     -webkit-column-gap: 1em;
   }
   #base64-table thead { display: none; }
   #base64-table * { border: none; }
   #base64-table tbody td:first-child:after { content: ':'; }
   #base64-table tbody td:last-child { text-align: right; }

   #named-character-references-table {
     white-space: nowrap;
     font-size: 0.6em;
     column-width: 30em;
     column-gap: 1em;
     -moz-column-width: 30em;
     -moz-column-gap: 1em;
     -webkit-column-width: 30em;
     -webkit-column-gap: 1em;
   }
   #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child + td,
   #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child { text-align: center; }
   #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child:hover > span { position: absolute; top: auto; left: auto; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 1.2; font-size: 5em; border: outset; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: white; width: 1.25em; height: auto; text-align: center; }
   #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr#entity-CounterClockwiseContourIntegral > td:first-child { font-size: 0.5em; }

   .glyph.control { color: red; }

   @font-face {
     font-family: 'Essays1743';
     src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743.ttf');
   }
   @font-face {
     font-family: 'Essays1743';
     font-weight: bold;
     src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Bold.ttf');
   }
   @font-face {
     font-family: 'Essays1743';
     font-style: italic;
     src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Italic.ttf');
   }
   @font-face {
     font-family: 'Essays1743';
     font-style: italic;
     font-weight: bold;
     src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-BoldItalic.ttf');
   }

  </style><style type="text/css">
   .domintro:before { display: table; margin: -1em -0.5em -0.5em auto; width: auto; content: 'This box is non-normative. Implementation requirements are given below this box.'; color: black; font-style: italic; border: solid 2px; background: white; padding: 0 0.25em; }
  </style><script type="text/javascript">
   function getCookie(name) {
     var params = location.search.substr(1).split("&");
     for (var index = 0; index < params.length; index++) {
       if (params[index] == name)
         return "1";
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  <script src="link-fixup.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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  <link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
  <link href="elements.html" title="3.2 Elements" rel="next">
  </head><body><div class="head" id="head">
<div id="multipage-common">
  <p class="stability" id="wip"><strong>This is a work in
  progress!</strong> For the latest updates from the HTML WG, possibly
  including important bug fixes, please look at the <a href="http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html">editor's draft</a> instead.
  There may also be a more
  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html5">up-to-date Working Draft</a>
   with changes based on resolution of Last Call issues.
  <input onclick="closeWarning(this.parentNode)" type="button" value="&#9587;&#8413;"></p>
  <script type="text/javascript">
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  </script></div>

   <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>

   <h1>HTML5</h1>
   </div><div>
   <a href="namespaces.html" class="prev">2.9 Namespaces</a> &#8211;
   <a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> &#8211;
   <a href="elements.html" class="next">3.2 Elements</a>
  <ol class="toc"><li><a href="dom.html#dom"><span class="secno">3 </span>Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents</a>
  <ol><li><a href="dom.html#documents"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Documents</a>
    <ol><li><a href="dom.html#documents-in-the-dom"><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Documents in the DOM</a></li><li><a href="dom.html#security-document"><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Security</a></li><li><a href="dom.html#resource-metadata-management"><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Resource metadata management</a></li><li><a href="dom.html#dom-tree-accessors"><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>DOM tree accessors</a></li><li><a href="dom.html#creating-documents"><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Creating documents</a></li><li><a href="dom.html#loading-xml-documents"><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Loading XML documents</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div>

  <h2 id="dom"><span class="secno">3 </span>Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents</h2><h3 id="documents"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Documents</h3><p>Every XML and HTML document in an HTML UA is represented by a
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object. <a href="references.html#refsDOMCORE">[DOMCORE]</a></p><p><dfn id="the-document-s-address">The document's address</dfn> is an <a href="urls.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>
  that is set when the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is created. <dfn id="the-document-s-current-address">The
  document's current address</dfn> is an <a href="urls.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>
  that can change during the lifetime of the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>,
  for example when the user <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigates</a> to
  a <a href="history.html#scroll-to-fragid" title="navigate-fragid">fragment identifier</a> on the
  page or when the <code title="dom-history-pushState"><a href="history.html#dom-history-pushstate">pushState()</a></code> method is called
  with a new <a href="urls.html#url">URL</a>. <span class="impl"><a href="#the-document-s-current-address">The document's
  current address</a> must be set to <a href="#the-document-s-address">the document's
  address</a> when the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is created.</span></p><p class="note">Interactive user agents typically expose <a href="#the-document-s-current-address">the
  document's current address</a> in their user interface.</p><p>When a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is created by a <a href="webappapis.html#concept-script" title="concept-script">script</a> using the <code title="dom-DOMImplementation-createDocument"><a href="infrastructure.html#dom-domimplementation-createdocument">createDocument()</a></code>
  or <code title="dom-DOMHTMLImplementation-createHTMLDocument"><a href="#dom-domhtmlimplementation-createhtmldocument">createHTMLDocument()</a></code>
  APIs, <a href="#the-document-s-address">the document's address</a> is the same as <a href="#the-document-s-address">the
  document's address</a> of the <a href="webappapis.html#script-s-document">script's document</a>.</p><p><code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> objects are assumed to be <dfn id="xml-documents">XML
  documents</dfn> unless they are flagged as being <dfn id="html-documents">HTML
  documents</dfn> when they are created. Whether a document is an
  <a href="#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a> or an <a href="#xml-documents" title="XML documents">XML document</a> affects the behavior of
  certain APIs and the case-sensitivity of some selectors.</p><p>Each <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object has a <dfn id="reload-override-flag">reload override
  flag</dfn> that is originally unset. The flag is set by the <code title="dom-document-open"><a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-open">document.open()</a></code> and <code title="dom-document-open"><a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-open">document.write()</a></code> methods in certain
  situations. When the flag is set, the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> also has
  a <dfn id="reload-override-buffer">reload override buffer</dfn> which is a Unicode string that
  is used as the source of the document when it is reloaded.</p><p>When the user agent is to perform <dfn id="an-overridden-reload">an overridden
  reload</dfn>, it must act as follows:</p><ol><li><p>Let <var title="">source</var> be the value of the
   <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>'s <a href="browsers.html#active-document">active document</a>'s
   <a href="#reload-override-buffer">reload override buffer</a>.</p></li>

   <li><p><a href="history.html#navigate">Navigate</a> the
   <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a> to a resource whose source is <var title="">source</var>, with <a href="history.html#replacement-enabled">replacement enabled</a>. When
   the <a href="history.html#navigate">navigate</a> algorithm creates a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>
   object for this purpose, set that <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s
   <a href="#reload-override-flag">reload override flag</a> and set its <a href="#reload-override-buffer">reload override
   buffer</a> to <var title="">source</var>.</p></li>

  </ol><h4 id="documents-in-the-dom"><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Documents in the DOM</h4><p>All <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> objects (in user agents implementing
  this specification) <span class="impl">must</span> also implement
  the <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> interface, available using
  binding-specific methods. (This is the case whether or not the
  document in question is an <a href="#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML
  document</a> or indeed whether it contains any <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML
  elements</a> at all.) <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> objects <span class="impl">must</span> also implement the document-level interface
  of any other namespaces that the UA supports.</p><p class="example">For example, if an HTML implementation also
  supports SVG, then the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object implements both
  <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> and <code>SVGDocument</code>.</p><p class="note">Because the <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> interface is
  now obtained using binding-specific casting methods instead of
  simply being the primary interface of the document object, it is no
  longer defined as inheriting from <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.</p><pre class="idl">[OverrideBuiltins]
interface <dfn id="htmldocument">HTMLDocument</dfn> {
  // <a href="#resource-metadata-management">resource metadata management</a>
  [PutForwards=<a href="history.html#dom-location-href" title="dom-location-href">href</a>] readonly attribute <a href="history.html#location">Location</a> <a href="history.html#dom-document-location" title="dom-document-location">location</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-url" title="dom-document-URL">URL</a>;
           attribute DOMString <a href="origin-0.html#dom-document-domain" title="dom-document-domain">domain</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-referrer" title="dom-document-referrer">referrer</a>;
           attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-cookie" title="dom-document-cookie">cookie</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-lastmodified" title="dom-document-lastModified">lastModified</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-compatmode" title="dom-document-compatMode">compatMode</a>;
           attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-charset" title="dom-document-charset">charset</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-characterset" title="dom-document-characterSet">characterSet</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-defaultcharset" title="dom-document-defaultCharset">defaultCharset</a>;
  readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-document-readystate" title="dom-document-readyState">readyState</a>;

  // <a href="#dom-tree-accessors">DOM tree accessors</a>
  <a href="#dom-document-nameditem" title="dom-document-namedItem">getter</a> any (in DOMString name);
           attribute DOMString <a href="#document.title" title="dom-document-title">title</a>;
           attribute DOMString <a href="elements.html#dom-document-dir" title="dom-document-dir">dir</a>;
           attribute <a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a> <a href="#dom-document-body" title="dom-document-body">body</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="semantics.html#htmlheadelement">HTMLHeadElement</a> <a href="#dom-document-head" title="dom-document-head">head</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-document-images" title="dom-document-images">images</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-document-embeds" title="dom-document-embeds">embeds</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-document-plugins" title="dom-document-plugins">plugins</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-document-links" title="dom-document-links">links</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-document-forms" title="dom-document-forms">forms</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-document-scripts" title="dom-document-scripts">scripts</a>;
  NodeList <a href="#dom-document-getelementsbyname" title="dom-document-getElementsByName">getElementsByName</a>(in DOMString elementName);
  NodeList <a href="#dom-document-getelementsbyclassname" title="dom-document-getElementsByClassName">getElementsByClassName</a>(in DOMString classNames);

  // <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dynamic-markup-insertion">dynamic markup insertion</a>
           attribute DOMString <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-innerhtml" title="dom-innerHTML">innerHTML</a>;
  <a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a> <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-open" title="dom-document-open">open</a>(in optional DOMString type, in optional DOMString replace);
  <a href="browsers.html#windowproxy">WindowProxy</a> <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-open" title="dom-document-open">open</a>(in DOMString url, in DOMString name, in DOMString features, in optional boolean replace);
  void <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-close" title="dom-document-close">close</a>();
  void <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">write</a>(in DOMString... text);
  void <a href="apis-in-html-documents.html#dom-document-writeln" title="dom-document-writeln">writeln</a>(in DOMString... text);

  // <a href="editing.html#editing">user interaction</a>
  readonly attribute <a href="browsers.html#windowproxy">WindowProxy</a> <a href="browsers.html#dom-document-defaultview" title="dom-document-defaultView">defaultView</a>;
  readonly attribute <a href="infrastructure.html#element">Element</a> <a href="editing.html#dom-document-activeelement" title="dom-document-activeElement">activeElement</a>;
  boolean <a href="editing.html#dom-document-hasfocus" title="dom-document-hasFocus">hasFocus</a>();
           attribute DOMString <a href="editing.html#designMode" title="dom-document-designMode">designMode</a>;
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#execCommand" title="dom-document-execCommand">execCommand</a>(in DOMString commandId);
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#execCommand" title="dom-document-execCommand">execCommand</a>(in DOMString commandId, in boolean showUI);
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#execCommand" title="dom-document-execCommand">execCommand</a>(in DOMString commandId, in boolean showUI, in DOMString value);
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#dom-document-querycommandenabled" title="dom-document-queryCommandEnabled">queryCommandEnabled</a>(in DOMString commandId);
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#dom-document-querycommandindeterm" title="dom-document-queryCommandIndeterm">queryCommandIndeterm</a>(in DOMString commandId);
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#dom-document-querycommandstate" title="dom-document-queryCommandState">queryCommandState</a>(in DOMString commandId);
  boolean <a href="dnd.html#dom-document-querycommandsupported" title="dom-document-queryCommandSupported">queryCommandSupported</a>(in DOMString commandId);
  DOMString <a href="dnd.html#dom-document-querycommandvalue" title="dom-document-queryCommandValue">queryCommandValue</a>(in DOMString commandId);
  readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="commands.html#dom-document-commands" title="dom-document-commands">commands</a>;

  // <a href="webappapis.html#event-handler-idl-attributes">event handler IDL attributes</a>
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onabort" title="handler-onabort">onabort</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onblur" title="handler-onblur">onblur</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-oncanplay" title="handler-oncanplay">oncanplay</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-oncanplaythrough" title="handler-oncanplaythrough">oncanplaythrough</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onchange" title="handler-onchange">onchange</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onclick" title="handler-onclick">onclick</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-oncontextmenu" title="handler-oncontextmenu">oncontextmenu</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-oncuechange" title="handler-oncuechange">oncuechange</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondblclick" title="handler-ondblclick">ondblclick</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondrag" title="handler-ondrag">ondrag</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondragend" title="handler-ondragend">ondragend</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondragenter" title="handler-ondragenter">ondragenter</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondragleave" title="handler-ondragleave">ondragleave</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondragover" title="handler-ondragover">ondragover</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondragstart" title="handler-ondragstart">ondragstart</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondrop" title="handler-ondrop">ondrop</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ondurationchange" title="handler-ondurationchange">ondurationchange</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onemptied" title="handler-onemptied">onemptied</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onended" title="handler-onended">onended</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onerror" title="handler-onerror">onerror</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onfocus" title="handler-onfocus">onfocus</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-oninput" title="handler-oninput">oninput</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-oninvalid" title="handler-oninvalid">oninvalid</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onkeydown" title="handler-onkeydown">onkeydown</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onkeypress" title="handler-onkeypress">onkeypress</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onkeyup" title="handler-onkeyup">onkeyup</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onload" title="handler-onload">onload</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onloadeddata" title="handler-onloadeddata">onloadeddata</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onloadedmetadata" title="handler-onloadedmetadata">onloadedmetadata</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onloadstart" title="handler-onloadstart">onloadstart</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onmousedown" title="handler-onmousedown">onmousedown</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onmousemove" title="handler-onmousemove">onmousemove</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onmouseout" title="handler-onmouseout">onmouseout</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onmouseover" title="handler-onmouseover">onmouseover</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onmouseup" title="handler-onmouseup">onmouseup</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onmousewheel" title="handler-onmousewheel">onmousewheel</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onpause" title="handler-onpause">onpause</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onplay" title="handler-onplay">onplay</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onplaying" title="handler-onplaying">onplaying</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onprogress" title="handler-onprogress">onprogress</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onratechange" title="handler-onratechange">onratechange</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onreadystatechange" title="handler-onreadystatechange">onreadystatechange</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onreset" title="handler-onreset">onreset</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onscroll" title="handler-onscroll">onscroll</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onseeked" title="handler-onseeked">onseeked</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onseeking" title="handler-onseeking">onseeking</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onselect" title="handler-onselect">onselect</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onshow" title="handler-onshow">onshow</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onstalled" title="handler-onstalled">onstalled</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onsubmit" title="handler-onsubmit">onsubmit</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onsuspend" title="handler-onsuspend">onsuspend</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-ontimeupdate" title="handler-ontimeupdate">ontimeupdate</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onvolumechange" title="handler-onvolumechange">onvolumechange</a>;
           attribute <a href="webappapis.html#function">Function</a> <a href="webappapis.html#handler-onwaiting" title="handler-onwaiting">onwaiting</a>;
};
<a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a> implements <a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a>;</pre><p>Since the <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> interface holds methods and
  attributes related to a number of disparate features, the members of
  this interface are described in various different sections.</p><h4 id="security-document"><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Security</h4><p id="security">User agents <span class="impl">must</span> raise a
  <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#security_err">SECURITY_ERR</a></code> exception whenever any of the members of
  an <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> object are accessed by scripts whose
  <a href="origin-0.html#effective-script-origin">effective script origin</a> is not the <a href="origin-0.html#same-origin" title="same
  origin">same</a> as the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s <a href="origin-0.html#effective-script-origin">effective
  script origin</a>.</p><h4 id="resource-metadata-management"><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span><dfn>Resource metadata management</dfn></h4><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-URL"><a href="#dom-document-url">URL</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns <a href="#the-document-s-address">the document's address</a>.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-referrer"><a href="#dom-document-referrer">referrer</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns <a href="#the-document-s-current-address" title="the document's current address">the
    address</a> of the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> from which the user
    navigated to this one, unless it was blocked or there was no such
    document, in which case it returns the empty string.</p>
    <p>The <code title="rel-noreferrer"><a href="links.html#link-type-noreferrer">noreferrer</a></code> link
    type can be used to block the referrer.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-url" title="dom-document-URL"><code>URL</code></dfn>
  attribute must return <a href="#the-document-s-address">the document's address</a>.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-referrer" title="dom-document-referrer"><code>referrer</code></dfn> attribute
  must return either the <a href="#the-document-s-current-address" title="the document's current
  address">current address</a> of the <a href="browsers.html#active-document">active document</a>
  of the <a href="history.html#source-browsing-context">source browsing context</a> <em>at the time the
  navigation was started</em> (that is, the page which <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigated</a> the <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>
  to the current document), with any <a href="urls.html#url-fragment" title="url-fragment">&lt;fragment&gt;</a> component removed; or
  the empty string if there is no such originating page, or if the UA
  has been configured not to report referrers in this case, or if the
  navigation was initiated for a <a href="links.html#hyperlink">hyperlink</a> with a <code title="rel-noreferrer"><a href="links.html#link-type-noreferrer">noreferrer</a></code> keyword.</p>

  </div><p class="note">In the case of HTTP, the <code title="dom-document-referrer"><a href="#dom-document-referrer">referrer</a></code> IDL attribute will
  match the <code title="http-referer">Referer</code> (sic) header
  that was sent when <a href="fetching-resources.html#fetch" title="fetch">fetching</a> the current
  page.</p><p class="note">Typically user agents are configured to not report
  referrers in the case where the referrer uses an encrypted protocol
  and the current page does not (e.g. when navigating from an <code title="">https:</code> page to an <code title="">http:</code>
  page).</p><hr><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-cookie"><a href="#dom-document-cookie">cookie</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns the HTTP cookies that apply to the
    <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>. If there are no cookies or cookies can't be
    applied to this resource, the empty string will be returned.</p>
    <p>Can be set, to add a new cookie to the element's set of HTTP
    cookies.</p>
    <p>If the contents are <a href="the-iframe-element.html#sandboxed-origin-browsing-context-flag" title="sandboxed origin browsing
    context flag">sandboxed into a unique origin</a> (in an
    <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> with the <code title="attr-iframe-sandbox"><a href="the-iframe-element.html#attr-iframe-sandbox">sandbox</a></code> attribute) or the
    resource was labeled as <code><a href="iana.html#text-html-sandboxed">text/html-sandboxed</a></code>, a
    <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#security_err">SECURITY_ERR</a></code> exception will be thrown on getting and
    setting.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-cookie" title="dom-document-cookie"><code>cookie</code></dfn>
  attribute represents the cookies of the resource from which the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> was created.</p>

  <p>A <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object that falls into one of the
  following conditions is a <dfn id="cookie-free-document-object">cookie-free <code>Document</code>
  object</dfn>:</p>

  <ul><li>A <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that has no <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
   context</a>.</li>

   <li>A <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> whose <a href="#the-document-s-address" title="the document's
   address">address</a> does not use a server-based naming
   authority.</li>

  </ul><p id="sandboxCookies">On getting, if the document is a
  <a href="#cookie-free-document-object">cookie-free <code>Document</code> object</a>, then the user
  agent must return the empty string. Otherwise, if the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s <a href="origin-0.html#origin">origin</a> is not a
  scheme/host/port tuple, the user agent must raise a
  <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#security_err">SECURITY_ERR</a></code> exception. Otherwise, the user agent must
  first <a href="webappapis.html#obtain-the-storage-mutex">obtain the storage mutex</a> and then return the
  cookie-string for <a href="#the-document-s-address">the document's address</a> for a
  "non-HTTP" API, <a href="infrastructure.html#decoded-as-utf-8-with-error-handling">decoded as UTF-8, with error handling</a>.
  <a href="references.html#refsCOOKIES">[COOKIES]</a></p>

  <p>On setting, if the document is a <a href="#cookie-free-document-object">cookie-free
  <code>Document</code> object</a>, then the user agent must do
  nothing. Otherwise, if the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s
  <a href="origin-0.html#origin">origin</a> is not a scheme/host/port tuple, the user agent
  must raise a <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#security_err">SECURITY_ERR</a></code> exception. Otherwise, the
  user agent must <a href="webappapis.html#obtain-the-storage-mutex">obtain the storage mutex</a> and then act
  as it would when <span title="receives a
  set-cookie-string">receiving a set-cookie-string</span> for
  <a href="#the-document-s-address">the document's address</a> via a "non-HTTP" API, consisting
  of the new value encoded as UTF-8. <a href="references.html#refsCOOKIES">[COOKIES]</a> <a href="references.html#refsRFC3629">[RFC3629]</a></p>

  <p class="note">Since the <code title="dom-document-cookie"><a href="#dom-document-cookie">cookie</a></code> attribute is accessible
  across frames, the path restrictions on cookies are only a tool to
  help manage which cookies are sent to which parts of the site, and
  are not in any way a security feature.</p>

  <hr></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-lastmodified"><a href="#dom-document-lastmodified">lastModified</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns the date of the last modification to the document, as
    reported by the server, in the form "<code title="">MM/DD/YYYY&#160;hh:mm:ss</code>", in the user's local
    time zone.</p>
    <p>If the last modification date is not known, the current time is
    returned instead.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-lastmodified" title="dom-document-lastModified"><code>lastModified</code></dfn>
  attribute, on getting, must return the date and time of the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s source file's last modification, in the
  user's local time zone, in the following format:</p>

  <ol><li> The month component of the date. </li>

   <li> A U+002F SOLIDUS character (/). </li>

   <li> The day component of the date. </li>

   <li> A U+002F SOLIDUS character (/). </li>

   <li> The year component of the date. </li>

   <li> A U+0020 SPACE character. </li>

   <li> The hours component of the time. </li>

   <li> A U+003A COLON character (:). </li>

   <li> The minutes component of the time. </li>

   <li> A U+003A COLON character (:). </li>

   <li> The seconds component of the time. </li>

  </ol><p>All the numeric components above, other than the year, must be
  given as two digits in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039
  DIGIT NINE (9) representing the number in base ten, zero-padded if
  necessary. The year must be given as the shortest possible string of
  four or more digits in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039
  DIGIT NINE (9) representing the number in base ten, zero-padded if
  necessary.</p>

  <p>The <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>'s source file's last modification date
  and time must be derived from relevant features of the networking
  protocols used, e.g. from the value of the HTTP <code title="http-last-modified">Last-Modified</code> header of the
  document, or from metadata in the file system for local files. If
  the last modification date and time are not known, the attribute
  must return the current date and time in the above format.</p>

  <hr></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-compatmode"><a href="#dom-document-compatmode">compatMode</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>In a conforming document, returns the string "<code title="">CSS1Compat</code>". (In <a href="#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>
    documents, returns the string "<code title="">BackCompat</code>",
    but a conforming document can never trigger <a href="#quirks-mode">quirks
    mode</a>.)</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>A <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is always set to one of three modes:
  <dfn id="no-quirks-mode">no-quirks mode</dfn>, the default; <dfn id="quirks-mode">quirks mode</dfn>, used
  typically for legacy documents; and <dfn id="limited-quirks-mode">limited-quirks mode</dfn>,
  also known as "almost standards" mode. The mode is only ever changed
  from the default by the <a href="parsing.html#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, based on the
  presence, absence, or value of the DOCTYPE string.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-compatmode" title="dom-document-compatMode"><code>compatMode</code></dfn> IDL
  attribute must return the literal string "<code title="">CSS1Compat</code>" unless the document has been set to
  <a href="#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a> by the <a href="parsing.html#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, in which
  case it must instead return the literal string "<code title="">BackCompat</code>".</p>

  <hr></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-charset"><a href="#dom-document-charset">charset</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a>.</p>
    <p>Can be set, to dynamically change the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's
    character encoding</a>.</p>
    <p>New values that are not IANA-registered aliases supported by the user agent are ignored.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-characterSet"><a href="#dom-document-characterset">characterSet</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a>.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-defaultCharset"><a href="#dom-document-defaultcharset">defaultCharset</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns what might be the user agent's default character
    encoding. (The user agent might return another character encoding
    altogether, e.g. to protect the user's privacy, or if the user
    agent doesn't use a single default encoding.)</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>Documents have an associated <dfn id="document-s-character-encoding" title="document's character
  encoding">character encoding</dfn>. When a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>
  object is created, the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a>
  must be initialized to UTF-16. Various algorithms during page
  loading affect this value, as does the <code title="dom-document-charset"><a href="#dom-document-charset">charset</a></code> setter. <a href="references.html#refsIANACHARSET">[IANACHARSET]</a></p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-charset" title="dom-document-charset"><code>charset</code></dfn>
  IDL attribute must, on getting, return the <a href="infrastructure.html#preferred-mime-name">preferred MIME
  name</a> of the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a>. On
  setting, if the new value is an IANA-registered alias for a
  character encoding supported by the user agent, the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's
  character encoding</a> must be set to that character
  encoding. (Otherwise, nothing happens.)</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-characterset" title="dom-document-characterSet"><code>characterSet</code></dfn>
  IDL attribute must, on getting, return the <a href="infrastructure.html#preferred-mime-name">preferred MIME
  name</a> of the <a href="#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a>.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-defaultcharset" title="dom-document-defaultCharset"><code>defaultCharset</code></dfn>
  IDL attribute must, on getting, return the <a href="infrastructure.html#preferred-mime-name">preferred MIME
  name</a> of a character encoding, possibly the user's default
  encoding, or an encoding associated with the user's current
  geographical location, or any arbitrary encoding name.</p>

  <hr></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-readyState"><a href="#dom-document-readystate">readyState</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns "loading" while the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is loading, "interactive" once it is finished parsing but still loading sub-resources, and "complete" once it has loaded.</p>
    <p>The <code title="event-readystatechange"><a href="#event-readystatechange">readystatechange</a></code> event fires on the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object when this value changes.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>Each document has a <dfn id="current-document-readiness">current document readiness</dfn>. When a
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object is created, it must have its
  <a href="#current-document-readiness">current document readiness</a> set to the string "loading"
  if the document is associated with an <a href="parsing.html#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or an
  <a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#xml-parser">XML parser</a>, or to the string "complete" otherwise.
  Various algorithms during page loading affect this value. When the
  value is set, the user agent must <a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple event</a>
  named <dfn id="event-readystatechange" title="event-readystatechange"><code>readystatechange</code></dfn>
  at the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object.</p>

  <p>A <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> is said to have an <dfn id="active-parser">active
  parser</dfn> if it is associated with an <a href="parsing.html#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or
  an <a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#xml-parser">XML parser</a> that has not yet been <a href="the-end.html#stop-parsing" title="stop
  parsing">stopped</a> or <a href="the-end.html#abort-a-parser" title="abort a
  parser">aborted</a>.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-readystate" title="dom-document-readyState"><code>readyState</code></dfn> IDL
  attribute must, on getting, return the <a href="#current-document-readiness">current document
  readiness</a>.</p>

  </div><h4 id="dom-tree-accessors"><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span><dfn>DOM tree accessors</dfn></h4><p><dfn id="the-html-element-0">The <code>html</code> element</dfn> of a document is the
  document's root element, if there is one and it's an
  <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, or null otherwise.</p><hr><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-head"><a href="#dom-document-head">head</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns <a href="#the-head-element-0">the <code>head</code> element</a>.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><p><dfn id="the-head-element-0">The <code>head</code> element</dfn> of a document is the
  first <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element that is a child of <a href="#the-html-element-0">the
  <code>html</code> element</a>, if there is one, or null
  otherwise.</p><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-head" title="dom-document-head"><code>head</code></dfn>
  attribute, on getting, must return <a href="#the-head-element-0">the <code>head</code>
  element</a> of the document (a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element or
  null).</p>

  </div><hr><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-title"><a href="#document.title">title</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns the document's title, as given by <a href="#the-title-element-0">the
    <code>title</code> element</a>.</p>
    <p>Can be set, to update the document's title. If there is no
    <a href="#the-head-element-0" title="the head element"><code>head</code> element</a>,
    the new value is ignored.</p>
    <p>In SVG documents, the <code>SVGDocument</code> interface's
    <code title="dom-svg-title">title</code> attribute takes
    precedence.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><p><dfn id="the-title-element-0">The <code>title</code> element</dfn> of a document is the
  first <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> element in the document (in tree order), if
  there is one, or null otherwise.</p><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="document.title" title="dom-document-title"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute must,
  on getting, run the following algorithm:</p>

  <ol><li><p>If the <a href="infrastructure.html#root-element">root element</a> is an <code><a href="the-map-element.html#svg">svg</a></code>
   element in the "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/2000/svg</code>"
   namespace, and the user agent supports SVG, then return the value
   that would have been returned by the IDL attribute of the same name
   on the <code>SVGDocument</code> interface. <a href="references.html#refsSVG">[SVG]</a></p></li>

   <li><p>Otherwise, let <var title="">value</var> be a concatenation
   of the data of all the child <a href="infrastructure.html#text-node" title="text node">text
   nodes</a> of <a href="#the-title-element-0">the <code>title</code> element</a>, in
   <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, or the empty string if <a href="#the-title-element-0">the
   <code>title</code> element</a> is null.</p></li>

   <li><p>Replace any sequence of one or more consecutive <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> in <var title="">value</var> with a single U+0020 SPACE character.</p></li>

   <li><p>Remove any leading or trailing <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#space-character" title="space
   character">space characters</a> in <var title="">value</var>.</p></li>

   <li><p>Return <var title="">value</var>.</p></li>

  </ol><p>On setting, the following algorithm must be run. Mutation events
  must be fired as appropriate.</p>

  <ol><li><p>If the <a href="infrastructure.html#root-element">root element</a> is an <code><a href="the-map-element.html#svg">svg</a></code>
   element in the "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/2000/svg</code>"
   namespace, and the user agent supports SVG, then the setter must
   defer to the setter for the IDL attribute of the same name on the
   <code>SVGDocument</code> interface (if it is readonly, then this
   will raise an exception). Stop the algorithm here. <a href="references.html#refsSVG">[SVG]</a></p></li>

   <li>If <a href="#the-title-element-0">the <code>title</code> element</a> is null and
   <a href="#the-head-element-0">the <code>head</code> element</a> is null, then the
   attribute must do nothing. Stop the algorithm here.</li>

   <li>If <a href="#the-title-element-0">the <code>title</code> element</a> is null, then a
   new <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> element must be created and appended to
   <a href="#the-head-element-0">the <code>head</code> element</a>. Let <var title="">element</var> be that element. Otherwise, let <var title="">element</var> be <a href="#the-title-element-0">the <code>title</code>
   element</a>.</li>

   <li>The children of <var title="">element</var> (if any) must all
   be removed.</li>

   <li>A single <code><a href="infrastructure.html#text">Text</a></code> node whose data is the new value
   being assigned must be appended to <var title="">element</var>.</li>

  </ol><p>The <code title="dom-document-title"><a href="#document.title">title</a></code> attribute on
  the <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> interface should shadow the attribute
  of the same name on the <code>SVGDocument</code> interface when the
  user agent supports both HTML and SVG. <a href="references.html#refsSVG">[SVG]</a></p>

  </div><hr><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-body"><a href="#dom-document-body">body</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns <a href="#the-body-element-0">the body element</a>.</p>
    <p>Can be set, to replace <a href="#the-body-element-0">the body element</a>.</p>
    <p>If the new value is not a <code><a href="sections.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> or <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, this will throw a <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#hierarchy_request_err">HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR</a></code> exception.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><p><dfn id="the-body-element-0">The body element</dfn> of a document is the first child of
  <a href="#the-html-element-0">the <code>html</code> element</a> that is either a
  <code><a href="sections.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element or a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element. If
  there is no such element, it is null. <span class="impl">If the body
  element is null, then when the specification requires that events be
  fired at "the body element", they must instead be fired at the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object.</span></p><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-body" title="dom-document-body"><code>body</code></dfn>
  attribute, on getting, must return <a href="#the-body-element-0">the body element</a> of
  the document (either a <code><a href="sections.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, a
  <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, or null). On setting, the following
  algorithm must be run:</p>

  <ol><li>If the new value is not a <code><a href="sections.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> or
   <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, then raise a
   <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#hierarchy_request_err">HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR</a></code> exception and abort these
   steps.</li>

   <li>Otherwise, if the new value is the same as <a href="#the-body-element-0">the body
   element</a>, do nothing. Abort these steps.</li>

   <li>Otherwise, if <a href="#the-body-element-0">the body element</a> is not null, then
   replace that element with the new value in the DOM, as if the root
   element's <code title="">replaceChild()</code> method had been
   called with the new value and <a href="#the-body-element-0" title="the body element">the
   incumbent body element</a> as its two arguments respectively,
   then abort these steps.</li>

   <li>Otherwise, <a href="#the-body-element-0">the body element</a> is null. Append
   the new value to the root element.</li>

  </ol></div><hr><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-images"><a href="#dom-document-images">images</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> of the <code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-embeds"><a href="#dom-document-embeds">embeds</a></code></dt>
   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-plugins"><a href="#dom-document-plugins">plugins</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> of the <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-links"><a href="#dom-document-links">links</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> of the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> and <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that have <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attributes.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-forms"><a href="#dom-document-forms">forms</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> of the <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-scripts"><a href="#dom-document-scripts">scripts</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> of the <code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-script-element">script</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  
  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-images" title="dom-document-images"><code>images</code></dfn>
  attribute must return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> node, whose filter matches only
  <code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> elements.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-embeds" title="dom-document-embeds"><code>embeds</code></dfn>
  attribute must return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> node, whose filter matches only
  <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code> elements.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-plugins" title="dom-document-plugins"><code>plugins</code></dfn>
  attribute must return the same object as that returned by the <code title="dom-document-embeds"><a href="#dom-document-embeds">embeds</a></code> attribute.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-links" title="dom-document-links"><code>links</code></dfn>
  attribute must return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> node, whose filter matches only <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
  elements with <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code>
  attributes and <code><a href="the-map-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code> elements with <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attributes.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-forms" title="dom-document-forms"><code>forms</code></dfn>
  attribute must return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> node, whose filter matches only
  <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> elements.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-scripts" title="dom-document-scripts"><code>scripts</code></dfn>
  attribute must return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at the
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> node, whose filter matches only
  <code><a href="scripting-1.html#the-script-element">script</a></code> elements.</p>

  <hr></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">collection</var> = <var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-getElementsByName"><a href="#dom-document-getelementsbyname">getElementsByName</a></code>(<var title="">name</var>)</dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> of elements in the
    <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that have a <code title="">name</code>
    attribute with the value <var title="">name</var>.</p>
   </dd>

   <dt><var title="">collection</var> = <var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-getElementsByClassName"><a href="#dom-document-getelementsbyclassname">getElementsByClassName(<var title="">classes</var>)</a></code></dt>
   <dt><var title="">collection</var> = <var title="">element</var> . <code title="dom-getElementsByClassName"><a href="#dom-getelementsbyclassname">getElementsByClassName(<var title="">classes</var>)</a></code></dt>
   <dd>
    <p>Returns a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> of the elements in the object
    on which the method was invoked (a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> or an
    <code><a href="infrastructure.html#element">Element</a></code>) that have all the classes given by <var title="">classes</var>.</p>
    <p>The <var title="">classes</var> argument is interpreted as a
    space-separated list of classes.</p>
   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-getelementsbyname" title="dom-document-getElementsByName"><code>getElementsByName(<var title="">name</var>)</code></dfn> method takes a string <var title="">name</var>, and must return a <a href="infrastructure.html#live">live</a>
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> containing all the <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a>
  in that document that have a <code title="">name</code> attribute
  whose value is equal to the <var title="">name</var> argument (in a
  <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> manner), in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.
  When the method is invoked on a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object again
  with the same argument, the user agent may return the same as the
  object returned by the earlier call. In other cases, a new
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> object must be returned.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-document-getelementsbyclassname" title="dom-document-getElementsByClassName"><code>getElementsByClassName(<var title="">classNames</var>)</code></dfn> method takes a string that
  contains a <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#set-of-space-separated-tokens">set of space-separated tokens</a> representing
  classes. When called, the method must return a <a href="infrastructure.html#live">live</a>
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> object containing all the elements in the
  document, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, that have all the classes
  specified in that argument, having obtained the classes by <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#split-a-string-on-spaces" title="split a string on spaces">splitting a string on
  spaces</a>. (Duplicates are ignored.) If there are no tokens
  specified in the argument, then the method must return an empty
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code>. If the document is in <a href="#quirks-mode">quirks
  mode</a>, then the comparisons for the classes must be done in an
  <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> manner, otherwise, the
  comparisons must be done in a <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> manner.
  When the method is invoked on a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object again
  with the same argument, the user agent may return the same object as
  the object returned by the earlier call. In other cases, a new
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> object must be returned.</p>

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-getelementsbyclassname" title="dom-getElementsByClassName"><code>getElementsByClassName(<var title="">classNames</var>)</code></dfn> method on the
  <code><a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a></code> interface must return a <a href="infrastructure.html#live">live</a>
  <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> with the nodes that the
  <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> <code title="dom-document-getElementsByClassName"><a href="#dom-document-getelementsbyclassname">getElementsByClassName()</a></code>
  method would return when passed the same argument(s), excluding any
  elements that are not descendants of the <code><a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a></code>
  object on which the method was invoked.
  When the method is invoked on an <code><a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a></code> object
  again with the same argument, the user agent may return the same
  object as the object returned by the earlier call. In other cases, a
  new <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> object must be returned.</p>

  </div><p>HTML, SVG, and MathML elements define which classes they are in
  by having an attribute with no namespace with the name <code title="">class</code> containing a space-separated list of classes
  to which the element belongs. Other specifications may also allow
  elements in their namespaces to be labeled as being in specific
  classes.</p><div class="example">

   <p>Given the following XHTML fragment:</p>

   <pre>&lt;div id="example"&gt;
 &lt;p id="p1" class="aaa bbb"/&gt;
 &lt;p id="p2" class="aaa ccc"/&gt;
 &lt;p id="p3" class="bbb ccc"/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</pre>

   <p>A call to <code title="">document.getElementById('example').getElementsByClassName('aaa')</code>
   would return a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> with the two paragraphs <code title="">p1</code> and <code title="">p2</code> in it.</p>

   <p>A call to <code title="">getElementsByClassName('ccc&#160;bbb')</code> would only
   return one node, however, namely <code title="">p3</code>. A call
   to <code title="">document.getElementById('example').getElementsByClassName('bbb&#160;&#160;ccc&#160;')</code>
   would return the same thing.</p>

   <p>A call to <code title="">getElementsByClassName('aaa,bbb')</code> would return no
   nodes; none of the elements above are in the "aaa,bbb" class.</p>

  </div><div class="impl">

  <hr><p>The <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> interface <span title="support
  named properties">supports named properties</span>. The
  <a href="infrastructure.html#supported-property-names">supported property names</a> at any moment consist of the
  values of the <code title="attr-name">name</code> content attributes
  of all the
    <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>,
    <a href="#exposed">exposed</a> <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>,
    <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>,
    <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>,
    <code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, and
    <a href="#exposed">exposed</a> <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
  elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that have <code title="attr-name">name</code> content attributes, and the values of
  the <code title="attr-id"><a href="elements.html#the-id-attribute">id</a></code> content attributes of all the
    <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> and
    <a href="#exposed">exposed</a> <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
  elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that have <code title="attr-id"><a href="elements.html#the-id-attribute">id</a></code> content attributes, and the values of the
  <code title="attr-id"><a href="elements.html#the-id-attribute">id</a></code> content attributes of all the
    <code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>
  elements in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> that have both <code title="attr-name">name</code> content attributes and <code title="attr-id"><a href="elements.html#the-id-attribute">id</a></code> content attributes.</p>

  <p>When <dfn id="dom-document-nameditem" title="dom-document-namedItem">the
  <code>HTMLDocument</code> object is indexed for property
  retrieval</dfn> using a name <var title="">name</var>, then the user
  agent must return the value obtained using the following steps:</p>

  <ol><li>

    <p>Let <var title="">elements</var> be the list of <a href="#dom-document-nameditem-filter" title="dom-document-namedItem-filter">named elements</a> with
    the name <var title="">name</var> in the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>.

    </p><p class="note">There will be at least one such element, by
    definition.</p>

   </li>

   <li>

    <p>If <var title="">elements</var> has only one element, and that
    element is an <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> element, then return the
    <code><a href="browsers.html#windowproxy">WindowProxy</a></code> object of the <a href="browsers.html#nested-browsing-context">nested browsing
    context</a> represented by that <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> element,
    and abort these steps.</p>

   </li>

   <li>

    <p>Otherwise, if <var title="">elements</var> has only one
    element, return that element and abort these steps.</p>

   </li>

   <li>

    <p>Otherwise return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at the
    <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> node, whose filter matches only <a href="#dom-document-nameditem-filter" title="dom-document-namedItem-filter">named elements</a> with
    the name <var title="">name</var>.</p> 
   </li>

  
  </ol><p><dfn id="dom-document-nameditem-filter" title="dom-document-nameditem-filter">Named elements</dfn>
  with the name <var title="">name</var>, for the purposes of the
  above algorithm, are those that are either:</p>

  <ul><li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>, <a href="#exposed">exposed</a> <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>,
   <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>, <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, or
   <a href="#exposed">exposed</a> <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> elements that have a <code title="attr-name">name</code> content attribute whose value is <var title="">name</var>, or</li>

   <li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> or <a href="#exposed">exposed</a> <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
   elements that have an <code title="attr-id"><a href="elements.html#the-id-attribute">id</a></code> content
   attribute whose value is <var title="">name</var>, or</li>

   <li><code><a href="embedded-content-1.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> elements that have an <code title="attr-id"><a href="elements.html#the-id-attribute">id</a></code> content attribute whose value is <var title="">name</var>, and that have a <code title="attr-name">name</code> content attribute present also.</li>

  </ul><p>An <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code> or <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> element is said to
  be <dfn id="exposed">exposed</dfn> if it has no <a href="#exposed">exposed</a>
  <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> ancestor, and, for <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> elements,
  is additionally either not showing its <a href="content-models.html#fallback-content">fallback content</a>
  or has no <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> or <code><a href="the-iframe-element.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code> descendants.</p>

  </div><hr><p class="note">The <code title="dom-document-dir"><a href="elements.html#dom-document-dir">dir</a></code>
  attribute on the <code><a href="#htmldocument">HTMLDocument</a></code> interface is defined
  along with the <code title="attr-dir"><a href="elements.html#the-dir-attribute">dir</a></code> content
  attribute.</p><h4 id="creating-documents"><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Creating documents</h4><p><a href="#xml-documents">XML documents</a> can be created from script using the
  <code title="dom-DOMImplementation-createDocument"><a href="infrastructure.html#dom-domimplementation-createdocument">createDocument()</a></code>
  method on the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#domimplementation">DOMImplementation</a></code> interface.</p><p><a href="#html-documents">HTML documents</a> can be created using the <code title="dom-DOMHTMLImplementation-createHTMLDocument"><a href="#dom-domhtmlimplementation-createhtmldocument">createHTMLDocument()</a></code>
  method:</p><pre class="idl">[Supplemental, NoInterfaceObject]
interface <dfn id="domhtmlimplementation">DOMHTMLImplementation</dfn> {
  <a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a> <a href="#dom-domhtmlimplementation-createhtmldocument" title="dom-DOMHTMLImplementation-createHTMLDocument">createHTMLDocument</a>(in DOMString title);
};
<a href="infrastructure.html#domimplementation">DOMImplementation</a> implements <a href="#domhtmlimplementation">DOMHTMLImplementation</a>;</pre><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">document</var> = <var title="">document</var> . <code title="dom-document-implementation">implementation</code> . <code title="dom-DOMHTMLImplementation-createHTMLDocument"><a href="#dom-domhtmlimplementation-createhtmldocument">createHTMLDocument</a></code>( <var title="">title</var> )</dt>
   <dd>

    <p>Returns a new <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>, with a basic DOM already
    constructed with an appropriate <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> element.</p>

   </dd>

  </dl><div class="impl">

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-domhtmlimplementation-createhtmldocument" title="dom-DOMHTMLImplementation-createHTMLDocument"><code>createHTMLDocument(<var title="">title</var>)</code></dfn> method, when invoked, must run the
  following steps:</p>

  <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">doc</var> be a newly created
   <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object.</p></li>

   <li><p>Mark <var title="">doc</var> as being an <a href="#html-documents" title="HTML
   documents">HTML document</a>.</p></li>

   <li><p>Create a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#documenttype">DocumentType</a></code> node with the <code title="">name</code> attribute set to the string "<code title="">html</code>", and the other attributes specific to
   <code><a href="infrastructure.html#documenttype">DocumentType</a></code> objects set to the empty string, null,
   and empty lists, as appropriate. Append the newly created node to
   <var title="">doc</var>.</p></li>

   <li><p>Create an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, and append it to <var title="">doc</var>.</p></li>

   <li><p>Create a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element, and append it to the
   <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element created in the previous step.</p>

   </li><li><p>Create a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> element, and append it to the
   <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element created in the previous step.</p>

   </li><li><p>Create a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#text">Text</a></code> node, and set its <code title="">data</code> attribute to the string given by the method's
   argument (which could be the empty string). Append it to the
   <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> element created in the previous step.</p>

   </li><li><p>Create a <code><a href="sections.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, and append it to the
   <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element created in the earlier step.</p>

   </li><li><p>Return <var title="">doc</var>.</p></li>

  </ol></div><div class="impl"> 

  <h4 id="loading-xml-documents"><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Loading XML documents</h4>

  <p>A <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code> object that is an <a href="#xml-documents" title="XML
  documents">XML document</a> that was created by the <code title="dom-DOMImplementation-createDocument"><a href="infrastructure.html#dom-domimplementation-createdocument">DOMImplementation.createDocument()</a></code>
  factory method must also implement the
  <code><a href="#xmldocumentloader">XMLDocumentLoader</a></code> interface:</p>

  <pre class="idl">[Supplemental, NoInterfaceObject]
interface <dfn id="xmldocumentloader">XMLDocumentLoader</dfn> {
  boolean <a href="#dom-xmldocumentloader-load" title="dom-XMLDocumentLoader-load">load</a>(in DOMString url);
};</pre>

  
  
  

  <p>The <dfn id="dom-xmldocumentloader-load" title="dom-XMLDocumentLoader-load"><code>load(<var title="">url</var>)</code></dfn> method must run the following
  steps:</p>

  <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">document</var> be the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>
   object on which the method was invoked.</p></li>

   <li><p><a href="urls.html#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">Resolve</a> the method's
   first argument, relative to the <a href="browsers.html#entry-script">entry script</a>'s <a href="webappapis.html#script-s-base-url" title="script's base URL">base URL</a>. If this is not
   successful, throw a <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#syntax_err">SYNTAX_ERR</a></code> exception and abort
   these steps. Otherwise, let <var title="">url</var> be the
   resulting <a href="urls.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>.</p></li>

   <li><p>If the <a href="origin-0.html#origin">origin</a> of <var title="">url</var> is not
   the same as the <a href="origin-0.html#origin">origin</a> of <var title="">document</var>, throw a <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#security_err">SECURITY_ERR</a></code>
   exception and abort these steps.</p></li>
   <li><p>Remove all child nodes of <var title="">document</var>,
   without firing any mutation events.</p></li> 
   <li><p>Set the <a href="#current-document-readiness">current document readiness</a> of <var title="">document</var> to "loading".</p></li>

   <li><p> Run the remainder of these steps asynchronously,
   and return true from the method.</p></li>

   <li><p>Let <var title="">result</var> be an <code><a href="infrastructure.html#document">Document</a></code>
   object.</p></li>

   <li><p>Let <var title="">success</var> be false.</p></li>

   <li><p><a href="fetching-resources.html#fetch">Fetch</a> <var title="">url</var> from the
   <a href="origin-0.html#origin">origin</a> of <var title="">document</var>, with the <i title="">synchronous flag</i> set and the <i title="">force
   same-origin flag</i> set.</p></li>

   <li>

    <p>If the fetch attempt was successful, and the resource's <a href="fetching-resources.html#content-type" title="Content-Type">Content-Type metadata</a> is an <a href="infrastructure.html#xml-mime-type">XML
    MIME type</a>, then run these substeps:</p>

    <ol><li><p>Create a new <a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#xml-parser">XML parser</a> associated with the
     <var title="">result</var> document.</p></li>

     <li><p>Pass this parser the fetched document.</p></li> 
     <li><p>If there is an XML well-formedness or XML namespace
     well-formedness error, then remove all child nodes from <var title="">result</var>. Otherwise let <var title="">success</var>
     be true.</p></li>

    </ol></li>

   <li>

    <p> <a href="webappapis.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to run the following
    steps. </p>

    <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#current-document-readiness">current document readiness</a> of <var title="">document</var> to "complete".</p></li>

     <li><p>Replace all the children of <var title="">document</var>
     by the children of <var title="">result</var> (even if it has no
     children), firing mutation events as if a
     <code><a href="infrastructure.html#documentfragment">DocumentFragment</a></code> containing the new children had
     been inserted.</p></li> 
     
     <li><p><a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">Fire a simple event</a> named <code title="event-load">load</code> at <var title="">document</var>.</p></li>

    </ol></li>
  </ol></div></body></html>