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<title>Web Ontology Language OWL / W3C Semantic Web Activity</title>
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<p class="banner"><a href="/2001/sw/" ><img src="/Icons/SW/sw-horz-w3c.png" width="241" height="48" alt="W3C SW Logo"/></a></p>
<h1>Web Ontology Language (OWL)</h1>
<p><img src="../../Icons/SW/Buttons/sw-owl-blue" width="80" height="15" alt='OWL Button'/> </p>
<div class="nav">
<p><strong>Contents:</strong> <a href="#specs">Specifications</a> | <a
href="#papers">Articles and Presentations</a> | <a href="#projects">Projects
and Applications</a> | <a href="#ontologies">Ontologies</a> |</p>
</div>
<div class="nav">
<p><strong>Nearby:</strong> <a href="/2000/01/sw/">Semantic Web Advanced
Development</a> | <a href="/2001/sw/interest/">SemWeb IG</a> | <a
href="http://www.w3.org/2003/08/owlfaq.html">OWL FAQ</a> | <a
href="/RDF/">RDF</a></p>
</div>
<p><strong>6 September 2007</strong>: W3C Launches the <a href="/2007/OWL/">OWL Working Group</a>.</p>
<p>A. OWL is a <em>Web</em> Ontology language. Where earlier languages have
been used to develop tools and ontologies for specific user communities
(particularly in the sciences and in company-specific e-commerce
applications), they were not defined to be compatible with the architecture
of the World Wide Web in general, and the Semantic Web in particular.</p>
<p>OWL uses both <a href="/Addressing/">URIs</a> for naming and the
description framework for the Web provided by <a href="/RDF/">RDF</a> to add
the following capabilities to ontologies:</p>
<ul>
<li>Ability to be distributed across many systems</li>
<li>Scalability to Web needs</li>
<li>Compatibility with Web standards for accessibility and
internationalization</li>
<li>Openess and extensiblility</li>
</ul>
<p>OWL builds on RDF and RDF Schema and adds more vocabulary for describing
properties and classes: among others, relations between classes (e.g.
disjointness), cardinality (e.g. "exactly one"), equality, richer typing of
properties, characteristics of properties (e.g. symmetry), and enumerated
classes.</p>
<p>To participate in the development of the next versions of OWL,
consider joining the <a href="../../2007/OWL/">OWL Working Group</a>.</p>
<h2 id="specs">OWL Specification Development</h2>
<p>The OWL suite of specifications consist of:</p>
<ul>
<li><cite><a href="/TR/owl-features/" class="title">OWL Web Ontology
Language Overview</a></cite><br />
W3C Recommendation <span class="date">10 Feb 2004</span>. Deborah L.
McGuinness and Frank van Harmelen eds.
<p>formerly <cite>Feature Synopsis for OWL Lite and OWL</cite></p>
<blockquote>
<p>The OWL Web Ontology Language is designed for use by applications
that need to process the content of information instead of just
presenting information to humans. OWL facilitates greater machine
interpretability of Web content than that supported by XML, RDF, and
RDF Schema (RDF-S) by providing additional vocabulary along with a
formal semantics. OWL has three increasingly-expressive sublanguages:
OWL Lite, OWL DL, and OWL Full.</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li><cite><a href="/TR/owl-guide/" class="title">OWL Web Ontology Language
Guide</a></cite>
<p>W3C Recommendation <span class="date">10 Feb 2004</span>. Smith,
Welty, McGuinness, eds.</p>
</li>
<li><cite><a href="/TR/owl-ref/" class="title">OWL Web Ontology Language
Reference</a></cite><br />
<p>W3C Recommendation <span class="date">10 Feb 2004</span>, <span
class="date">12 November 2002</span>. Dean, Schreiber, eds.</p>
</li>
<li><cite><a href="/TR/owl-semantics/" class="title">OWL Web Ontology
Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax</a></cite>
<p>W3C Recommendation <span class="date">10 Feb 2004</span>.
Patel-Schneider, Hayes, Horrocks, eds.</p>
</li>
<li><a href="/TR/owl-test/" class="title"><cite>OWL Web Ontology Language
Test Cases</cite></a><br />
<p>W3C Recommendation <span class="date">10 Feb 2004</span>. Jeremy J.
Carroll, Jos De Roo, eds.</p>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/webont-req/" class="title"><cite>OWL Web
Ontology Language Use Cases and Requirements</cite></a><br />
<p>W3C Recommendation <span class="date">10 Feb 2004</span>. Jeff Heflin,
ed.</p>
</li>
<li><a class="title" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-xmlsyntax/"><cite>OWL
Web Ontology Language XML Presentation Syntax</cite></a> .
<p>Masahiro Hori, Jérôme Euzenat, Peter F. Patel-Schneider. W3C
Note 11 June 2003</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="tutorials">Tutorials</h2>
<p><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/BestPractices/Tutorials">A set of
tutorials on OWL and related Semantic Web technologies</a> is maintained by
the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/BestPractices/">Semantic Web Best
Practices and Deployment Working Group.</a></p>
<h2 id="papers">Articles and Presentations</h2>
<p>We do not currently keep a separate list of OWL presentations and
articles. See the <a href="/2001/sw/#events">Semantic Web presentations</a>,
<a href="/Press/Articles">W3C in The Press</a> and <a
href="http://www.ilrt.bris.ac.uk/discovery/rdf/resources/#sec-press">Resource
Description Framework Press</a>.</p>
<h2 id="projects">Tools, Projects and Applications<a
id="paa" name="paa"></a></h2>
<p>The following is a small sample of the growing set of tools, projects and
applications utilizing OWL.</p>
<h3 id="demos">Demos / Portals</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/about.html">AIFB SEmantic
PortAL</a> - The Institute AIFB web site of the University of Karlsruhe
provides annotated pages which contain dynamically generated machine
processable content in form of OWL annotations.</li>
<li>The <a href="http://www.aktors.org/akt/">AKT Portal</a> at the
University of Southampton is largely based on ontologies, and is now
using OWL.</li>
<li>The University of Maryland Baltimore County (Finin) has developed two
demos using OWL ( <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003May/0083.html">Finin
7May</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.biopax.org">BioPax</a> - A Data Exchange Format for
Biological Pathways has been using OWL</li>
<li>The <a href="/2002/01/tr-automation/">W3C tech reports</a> - related to
the "multimedia collections" use case</li>
<li>( <a href="http://www.mindswap.org">The MINDSWAP project web site</a>)
uses OWL to generate all the web pages and "custom home pages" for
members of the research group, as well as for doing photo markup. ( <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003May/0054.html">Hendler
6May</a>)</li>
<li>The <a
href="http://owl.mindswap.org/2003/arbitrary/class.shtml?class=http%3A%2F%2Fowl.mindswap.org%2F2003%2Font%2Fowlweb.rdf%23owlComment">OWL-generated
Comment Status List</a> submitted for the CR request for OWL was
generated by a combination of OWL tools.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-weight:bold">The listing of developer’s tools on this page has been removed in July 2006, in favor of the <a href="http://esw.w3.org/topic/SemanticWebTools#preview">
more comprehensive page on the W3C Wiki</a>. By moving this list to the Wiki, the Semantic Web community at large can contribute
in keeping that information up-to-date.</p>
<!--
<h3>Commercial Ontology Support Tools</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.altova.com/products_semanticworks.html">Altova's
SemanticWorks</a>
<blockquote>
Altova SemanticWorks 2006 is the ground-breaking visual RDF/OWL editor
from the creators of XMLSpy. Visually design Semantic Web instance
documents, vocabularies, and ontologies then output them in either
RDF/XML or N-triples formats. SemanticWorks 2006 makes the job easy
with tabs for instances, properties, classes, etc., context-sensitive
entry helpers, and automatic format checking. It is the sensible way to
put the Semantic Web to work for you.</blockquote>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/semanticstk">IODT</a>, IBM
Integrated Ontology development toolkit, is a toolkit for ontology
development. It includes ODM-based RDF/OWL programming APIs,
Eclipse-based OWL editor and a high performance OWL repository.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.networkinference.com">Network Inference</a> has
developed a set of tools around their Cerebra Inference engine that allow
for the development and use of OWL ontologies.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.tucanatech.com/">Tucana Technologies Inc.</a> has
developed a scaleable RDF triple store which includes some OWL
inferencing and is adding more.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="reasoners">Reasoners</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://kaon2.semanticweb.org/">KAON2</a> is a reasoner for OWL
extended with the DL-safe subset of SWRL; it also provides an OWL
API.</li>
<li><a id="fact">FaCT</a> - a DL reasoner. see <a
href="http://wonderweb.semanticweb.org/index.shtml">WonderWeb
project</a>, <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Sep/0158.html">Bechhofer
15 Sep</a>.</li>
<li><a name="racer" id="racer">Racer</a> - a DL reasoner. see <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Sep/0128.html">Horrocks
12Sep</a></li>
<li>Cerebra from <a id="cerebra"
href="http://www.NetworkInference.com">Network Inference</a> -
<strong>owl syntax checker</strong>, nearly complete OWL DL <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Sep/0128.html">Horrocks
12Sep</a></li>
<li><a href="/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm.html">cwm</a> - useful but incomplete
OWL Full</li>
<li><a id="euler">Euler</a> - useful but incomplete OWL Full,see <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Jul/0112.html">De
Roo 11 Jul</a>: 51 / 234 tests</li>
<li><a id="surnia" href="http://www.w3.org/2003/08/surnia/">surnia</a> -
OWL full reasoner based on otter. <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-webont-comments/2003Aug/0015.html">Hawke
26Aug</a></li>
<li><a id="jena" href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/semweb/index.html">Jena/HP</a>
( <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003May/0068.html">Reynolds/HP
7 May</a>)will support OWL reasoning.</li>
<li>Vampire <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Jul/0156.html">Horrocks
17 Jul</a> - uses a first-order theorem prover to do OWL DL</li>
<li><a id="pellet"
href="http://www.mindswap.org/2003/pellet/index.shtml">Pellet</a> is a
reasoner built in Java that was designed specifically for OWL reasoning.
<a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Sep/0165.html">Hendler/Sirin/Parsia
15Sep</a>).</li>
<li><a href="http://www.swi-prolog.org/packages/semweb.html">SWI-Prolog
Semantic Web Library</a> contains <i>owl.pl</i> - an OWL reasoning
package.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.cs.umbc.edu/~hchen4/fowl">F-OWL</a> is an f-logic
based Owl tool from UMBC.</li>
<li><a href="http://mycampus.sadehlab.cs.cmu.edu/tests/">E-wallet</a> is an
e-commerce and mobile computing tool based on a rule-based OWL
reasoner.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="parsers">Parsers / Validators</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://logic.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/dlpconvert/">dlpconvert</a>
is a tool for the conversion of the Horn fragment of OWL (called DLP)
from XML or RDF syntax to Prolog syntax.</li>
<li><a name="owlv" href="http://phoebus.cs.man.ac.uk:9999/OWL/Validator"
id="owlv">owl species validator/parser</a>. seems to be a conforming
<strong>owl syntax checker</strong> per <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Sep/0090.html">Bechhofer
10Sep</a></li>
<li><a name="OWLP" id="OWLP">OWLP</a> seems to be a conforming <strong>owl
syntax checker</strong>, per <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003Sep/0176.html">Patel-Schneider
16Sep</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/semweb/index.html">Jena</a>: almost
conforming ( <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003May/0057.html">Carroll/HP
6 May</a> )</li>
<li><a href="http://owl.bbn.com/validator/">BBN OWL Validator</a></li>
<li><a href="http://owl.mindswap.org/downloads">IC Instance Creator,
ConvertToRDF, and SMORE</a> use an OWL parser developed at the University
of Maryland MIND Laboratory.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="editors">Editors</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.altova.com/products_semanticworks.html">Altova's
SemanticWorks</a>
<blockquote>
Altova SemanticWorks 2006 is the ground-breaking visual RDF/OWL editor
from the creators of XMLSpy. Visually design Semantic Web instance
documents, vocabularies, and ontologies then output them in either
RDF/XML or N-triples formats. SemanticWorks 2006 makes the job easy
with tabs for instances, properties, classes, etc., context-sensitive
entry helpers, and automatic format checking. It is the sensible way to
put the Semantic Web to work for you.</blockquote>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.topbraidcomposer.com/">Top Quandrant's TopBraid
Composer</a>
<blockquote>
<p>TopBraid is a complete standards-based platform for developing,
testing and maintaining Semantic Web applications. It offers a
convenient drag-and-drop, form-based user interface with the ability to
view and edit ontologies in a variety of serialization formats.
Testing, consistency checking and debugging is supported by built-in
OWL Inference engine, SPARQL query engine and Rules engine. TopBraid
Composer makes it easier for an enterprises to move to Semantic Web
standards by importing legacy models including XML Schemas, UML, RDB
Schemas and spreadsheets. Open APIs are available, it can run with the
database back-end for improve scaleability</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li>The <a href="http://protege.stanford.edu/">Protege</a> has developed an
<a href="http://protege.stanford.edu/plugins/owl/">OWL plugin</a>.</li>
<li>Construct from <a href="http://www.NetworkInference.com">Network
Inference</a> <strong>Complete OWL-DL</strong> (<a href="#cw15Jul">White
15Jul</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.mindswap.org/~aditkal/editor.shtml">SMORE</a> is a
markup tool that produces OWL documents</li>
<li>cwm .n3 -> .rdf produces conforming OWL Full documents</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="API">API</h3>
<ul>
<li>OWL API ( <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003May/0076.html">bechover/volz
7 May</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/semweb/index.html">Jena</a> ( <a
href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-webont-wg/2003May/0068.html">Reynolds/HP
7 May</a>)</li>
<li>Cerebra from <a href="http://www.NetworkInference.com">network
inference</a></li>
</ul>
-->
<h2 id="ontologies">Ontologies</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.schemaweb.info/default.aspx">SchemaWeb</a> provides
a comprehensive directory of RDF schemas and OWL ontologies to be browsed
and searched by human agents and also an extensive set of web services to
be used by agents and reasoning software applications that wish to obtain
real-time schema information.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.daml.org/ontologies/">DAML Ontology Library</a>
which organizes hundreds of ontologies in a variety of different ways
(keyword, organization, submission date, etc.)</li>
<li><a href="http://swoogle.umbc.edu/">Swoogle</a> is a search engine for
Semantic Web documents, including OWL ontologies, built by the University
of Maryland Baltimore County under funding from the National Science
Foundation.</li>
</ul>
<address class="footer">
<a href="../People/Ivan/">Ivan Herman</a> <ivan@w3.org>, (W3C)
Semantic Web Activity Lead<br/>
$Revision: 1.36 $ of $Date: 2007/10/15 08:05:59 $
</address>
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