SPARQL
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">SPARQL</h1>
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<h3 id="siteSub">From Semantic Web Standards</h3>
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<ul><li> Publication date: 2008-01-15
</li><li> Created by: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/#sparql" class="external text" title="http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/#sparql" rel="nofollow">SPARQL Working Group</a>
</li><li> List of documents at: <a href="http://www.w3.org/standards/techs/sparql" class="external free" title="http://www.w3.org/standards/techs/sparql" rel="nofollow">http://www.w3.org/standards/techs/sparql</a>
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<a name="SPARQL_Query_Language_for_RDF" id="SPARQL_Query_Language_for_RDF"></a><h1> <span class="mw-headline"> SPARQL Query Language for RDF </span></h1>
<a name="Overview" id="Overview"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline"> Overview </span></h2>
<p><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDF" title="RDF">RDF</a> is a directed, labeled graph data format for representing information in the Web. This specification defines the syntax and semantics of the SPARQL query language for RDF. SPARQL can be used to express queries across diverse data sources, whether the data is stored natively as <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDF" title="RDF">RDF</a> or viewed as <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDF" title="RDF">RDF</a> via middleware. SPARQL contains capabilities for querying required and optional graph patterns along with their conjunctions and disjunctions. SPARQL also supports extensible value testing and constraining queries by source <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDF" title="RDF">RDF</a> graph. The results of SPARQL queries can be results sets or <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDF" title="RDF">RDF</a> graphs.
</p><p>Note that the Working Group is currently working on a 1.1 version of SPARQL.
</p>
<a name="Recommended_Reading" id="Recommended_Reading"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline"> Recommended Reading </span></h2>
<p>A number of textbooks have been published on <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDF" title="RDF">RDF</a>, RDFS, and on Semantic Web in general. Please, refer to a <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Books" title="Books">separate page</a> listing some of those, as maintained by the community. That list also includes references to conference proceedings and article collections that might be of general interest.
</p>
<a name="Tools_that_are_listed_as_relevant_to_SPARQL" id="Tools_that_are_listed_as_relevant_to_SPARQL"></a><h1> <span class="mw-headline"> Tools that are listed as relevant to SPARQL </span></h1>
<p>(Note that you can browse tools per <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Category:Tool" title="Category:Tool">tool categories</a> or <a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Category:Programming_Language" title="Category:Programming Language">programming languages</a>, too.)
</p>
<a name="Last_modified_and.2For_added" id="Last_modified_and.2For_added"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline"> Last modified and/or added </span></h2>
<p>The description of the following tools have been added and/or modified most recently.
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/SPARQL2XQuery" title="SPARQL2XQuery">The SPARQL2XQuery Framework</a> (last modified: 29 December 2011)</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/SPARQL-RW" title="SPARQL-RW">The SPARQL-RW Framework</a> (last modified: 29 December 2011)</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/SMAD" title="SMAD">SMAD: Semantic Mobile Application Development</a> (last modified: 10 November 2011)</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/RDFaDev" title="RDFaDev">RDFa Developer</a> (last modified: 10 November 2011)</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/STW_Web_Services" title="STW Web Services">STW Web Services</a> (last modified: 10 November 2011)</li>
</ul>
<p><br />
</p>
<a name="All_relevant_tools" id="All_relevant_tools"></a><h2> <span class="mw-headline"> All relevant tools </span></h2>
<p>This is a list of all tools listed on this wiki, and that are marked as relevant to SPARQL.
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/4store" title="4store">4store</a> (triple store).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/ARC" title="ARC">ARC RDF Store</a> (triple store). Directly usable from PHP
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/AllegroGraph" title="AllegroGraph">AllegroGraph RDF Store</a> (triple store, programming environment, reasoner, development environment, rdfs reasoner). Directly usable from Java, LISP, Python, Prolog, C, Ruby, Perl
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Anzo" title="Anzo">Anzo Suite</a> (development environment, programming environment, visualizer, converter). Directly usable from Javascript, Java, .Net
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Asio" title="Asio">Asio</a> (development environment, rdf generator).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Bigdata" title="Bigdata">Bigdata®</a> (triple store, reasoner, rdfs reasoner, owl reasoner).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/ClioPatria" title="ClioPatria">ClioPatria</a> (triple store, programming environment, reasoner, rule reasoner). Directly usable from Prolog, C
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Corese" title="Corese">Conceptual Resource Search Engine (Corese)</a> (programming environment, reasoner, rule reasoner, rdfs reasoner). Directly usable from Java
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/CubicWeb" title="CubicWeb">CubicWeb</a> (programming environment). Directly usable from Python
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Cuebee" title="Cuebee">Cuebee: Knowledge Driven Query Formulation</a> (visualizer, special browser). Directly usable from Javascript
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/CWM" title="CWM">Closed World Machine (CWM)</a> (programming environment, rule reasoner, owl reasoner, command line tool). Directly usable from Python
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Cypher" title="Cypher">Cypher</a> (rdf generator, tagging).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/D2rq" title="D2rq">D2RQ</a> (triple store, programming environment). Directly usable from Java
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/DBpedia_Spotlight" title="DBpedia Spotlight">DBpedia Spotlight</a> (rdf generator, tagging). Directly usable from Java, Scala, Javascript
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/DartGrid" title="DartGrid">DartGrid</a> (programming environment). Directly usable from Java
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Djubby" title="Djubby">djubby</a> (triple store, development environment). Directly usable from Python
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/DotNetRDF" title="DotNetRDF">dotNetRDF</a> (api, programming environment). Directly usable from .Net, C-sharp
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Dydra" title="Dydra">Dydra</a> (sparql endpoint, triple store). Directly usable from Ruby
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/ERDF" title="ERDF">eRDF</a> (sparql endpoint, command line tool, development environment).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/GR2RSS" title="GR2RSS">GR2RSS</a> (converter, sparql endpoint).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/GR4PHP" title="GR4PHP">GR4PHP</a> (api, sparql endpoint, programming environment). Directly usable from PHP
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/GeoSPARQL" title="GeoSPARQL">GeoSPARQL</a> (programming environment). Directly usable from Java
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/GoodRelations_Validator" title="GoodRelations Validator">GoodRelations Validator</a> (validator).
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Hercules" title="Hercules">Hercules</a> (programming environment). Directly usable from Javascript
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/IndexingSail" title="IndexingSail">IndexingSail: GeoSparql for Sesame Triplestores</a> (triple store, development environment). Directly usable from Java
</li>
<li><a href="/2001/sw/wiki/Special:Ask/-5B-5BCategory:Tool-5D-5D-20-5B-5BSW-20Technology::SPARQL-5D-5D/-3FTool-20Name%3D/-3FCategory%3D/-3FProgramming-20language%3D/format%3Dul/template%3DToolDisplayLinkWithNameWithcategoryAndLanguage/link%3Dnone/columns%3D1" title="Special:Ask/-5B-5BCategory:Tool-5D-5D-20-5B-5BSW-20Technology::SPARQL-5D-5D/-3FTool-20Name=/-3FCategory=/-3FProgramming-20language=/format=ul/template=ToolDisplayLinkWithNameWithcategoryAndLanguage/link=none/columns=1"> … further results</a></li>
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